By Dan Strumpf And Saumya Vaishampayan 

U.S. stocks wavered Monday after an initial burst sent the Dow Jones Industrial Average briefly into record territory.

The Dow gained as much as 17 points to 18289.54 shortly after the opening bell, surpassing its record close of 18288.63 reached in early March. The blue chips later retreated to trade down 26 points, or 0.1%, to 18247.

The S&P 500 was down one point at 2121. It closed Friday at its eighth record of the year.

The Nasdaq Composite Index was down three points, or 0.1%, to 5045.

While the S&P 500 has notched all-time highs in recent sessions, hitting two in a row last week, the moves have been relatively small. Last week, the Dow rose just 0.4% and the S&P added 0.3%. The quiet trading has so far continued into Monday, traders said.

"We're on the backside of earnings--that's basically done," said Gordon Charlop, managing director at Rosenblatt Securities. "The question is what is it that's going to generate some enthusiasm, one way or the other, negative or positive? Right now there's nothing you can say is headline grabbing."

Part of the blame for the more modest moves in stocks goes to weak economic data, strategists say, as tepid reports dim the outlook for earnings growth and future stock-market gains. Recent data showed a sharp drop in consumer sentiment and a further decline in industrial production.

The weak reports "make this year's earnings growth rate very difficult to assess," said Gail Dudack, chief investment strategist at Dudack Research Group, a division of brokerage Wellington Shields & Co.

"Since multiples are slightly above average, it's been our view that we will need earnings growth for stocks to move higher," she added.

Including results from 465 companies in the S&P 500, first-quarter earnings are on track to grow nearly 0.5% from a year ago, according to FactSet. That's an improvement over the nearly 5% decline projected by analysts at the start of earnings season.

European stocks were mixed. France's CAC 40 was nearly flat, while Germany's DAX gained 0.9%.

Housing data was in focus Monday. A reading from the National Association of Home Builders showed confidence in May fell two points to a reading of 54. The figure came in below expectations of 58.

In commodity markets, gold futures added 0.2% to $1227.80 an ounce. Crude-oil futures fell 0.1% to $59.61 a barrel.

Treasury prices slipped, lifting the 10-year yield up to 2.223% from 2.141% on Friday.

In corporate news, Endo International PLC has agreed to buy Par Pharmaceutical Holdings Inc. from private-equity firm TPG for about $8 billion in cash and stock. Endo shares fell 3.1%.

Shares of Ann Inc. soared 22% after the retailer agreed to sell itself to Ascena Retail Group Inc. for $2.2 billion in cash and stock. Ascena shares gained 7.2%.

Shares of Eleven Biotherapeutics Inc. plunged 72% after the company said its late-stage dry eye disease treatment failed to meet its two primary endpoints.

Write to Dan Strumpf at daniel.strumpf@wsj.com and Saumya Vaishampayan at saumya.vaishampayan@wsj.com

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