2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements (the “financial statements”) include the accounts of Le@P Technology, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (see exhibit 21). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are initially recorded at cost. Depreciation was computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which range from 3-9 years. All amortizing property and equipment was fully depreciated prior to January 1, 2014.
Impairment of long-lived assets and long-lived assets to be disposed of
The Company reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset or groups of assets, as applicable, is impaired, the long-lived asset or groups of long-lived assets are written down to their estimated fair value. No asset impairment occurred during the years ended December 31, 2015 or 2014.
Loss per share
Basic earnings per share amounts are computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share amounts are computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock, common stock equivalents, and stock options outstanding during the period. Shares of common stock issuable under options or other share equivalents and their effects on the loss would have been excluded from the diluted calculations because the effect was anti-dilutive. However, there are no potentially dilutive shares outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014.
Stock Based Compensation
The Company applies Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC Topic 718, “Share-Based Payments” which requires the measurement of the cost of services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Compensation cost is recognized over the related service period. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company did not grant any stock options or recognize any stock based compensation expense.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model as our method of valuation for stock-based awards. Stock-based compensation expense is based on the value of the portion of the stock-based award that will vest during the period, adjusted for the forfeitures. Our determination of the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, the expected life of the award, expected stock price volatility over the term of the award and historical and projected exercise behaviors. The estimation of stock-based awards that will ultimately vest requires judgment, and to the extent actual or updated results differ from our current estimates, such amounts will be recorded in the period estimates are revised. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, and other reasonable assumptions could provide differing results.
Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes are provided based on the provisions of ASC Topic 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes”, to reflect the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
The Company did not have any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months. The tax years that remain subject to examination by major taxing jurisdictions are those for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, 2013, and 2012.
The Company classifies interest and penalties arising from underpayment of income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations as general and administrative expenses. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax provisions.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, “Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30)” (“ASU 2015-03”). Currently generally accepted accounting principles U.S. GAAP requires and debt issuance costs to be reported in the balance sheet as deferred charges. The amendments in this Update require that debt issuance costs related to recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The amendments in this Update are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning aftter December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact this guidance will have on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In November 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740)”(“ASU 2015-17”). Currently U.S. GAAP requires an entity to separate deferred income tax liabilities and assets into current and noncurrent amounts in a classified statement of financial position. The amendments und ASU 2015-17 will require that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The amendments in this update will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2015-17 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”) that will supersede current guidance related to accounting for leases. The guidance is intended to increase transparency and comparability amount organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The standard will be effective for the first interim period within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted. The standard is required to be adopted using the modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact this guidance will have on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2014-09), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing U.S. GAAP. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients, or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of adoption (which includes additional footnote disclosures). The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the pending adoption of ASU 2014-09 on its consolidated financial statements and has not yet determined the method by which it will adopt the standard in 2017.
In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update ASU2014-15 Disclosure of Uncertainties about an entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. This ASU amends ASC205-40. ASC205-40 provides guidance about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related note disclosures. With the amendments made by ASU 2014-15, financial statement disclosures will be required when there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern or when substantial doubt is alleviated as a result of considerations of management’s plans. The new standard provides management with principles for evaluating whether there is substantial doubt by: providing a definition of substantial doubt, requiring an evaluation every reporting period (including interim periods), providing principles for considering the mitigating effect of management’s plans, requiring certain disclosures when substantial doubt is alleviated as a result of consideration of management’s plans, requiring an express statement and other disclosures when substantial doubt is not alleviated, and requiring an assessment for a period of one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued). The amendments are effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.