(Updates with further details from the report.)

 
    DOW JONES NEWSWIRES 
 

The par value of U.S. corporate bonds affected by downgrades hit a record $522.4 billion in the first quarter, resulting in a downgrade rate of 14.5%, as the financial and economic crisis continued to take a toll on corporate credit quality, said Fitch Ratings.

All industries, with the exception of supermarkets and drug stores, experienced downgrades in the first quarter, a sign of how widespread the impact of the recession has become. By sector volume, the gaming, lodging and restaurant, insurance and banking and finance sectors led first-quarter downgrades.

In contrast, upgrades affected only 0.3% of investment-grade bond market volume in the quarter. On the speculative-grade front, the effects of negative and positive changes were 14.8% and 1.7%, respectively. Companies driving the negative rating drift in the speculative grade sector included MGM Mirage (MGM) and iStar Financial (SFI).

High-yield sectors under stress including automotive, broadcasting and media, gaming, lodging and restaurants, retail and textiles and furniture continued to experience credit erosion in the first quarter. About 30% of first-quarter speculative-grade downgrades consisted of defaults, according to Fitch.

The 12-month trailing default rate, which ended 2008 at 8.5%, was up to 13.3% in the first quarter. A year ago, the rate was just 1%. Fitch expects the rate to set a new record in 2009, topping the previous high of 16.4% established in 2002.

In the first quarter, the share of U.S. corporate bonds rated AAA fell below 1% of market volume while the share of highly speculative issues moved up to a new high of 6.8%.

In total, the AAA-rated category saw $176.2 billion in downgrades while the AA-rated category featured an additional $142.1 billion. General Electric Co. (GE) and Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (BRKA) represented the most notable first-quarter downgrades and the most recent source of the shrinking AAA pool, Fitch said.

On Wednesday, Fitch also reported there was a strong rebound in bond issuance, tallying $184.9 billion following poor activity in the second half of 2008. But the turnaround mostly came from highly rated defensive industrial companies, as financial and speculative-grade issuance remained very low.

-By John Kell, Dow Jones Newswires; 201-938-5285; john.kell@dowjones.com