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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023

 

OR

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ______ to ______

 

Commission file number: 333-234741

 

Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

84-1766761

(State or other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

9 Brown Road

Ithaca, NY 14850

(607) 882-2754

 

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ No ☒

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☐ No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act

 

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

  

Emerging growth company

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No ☒

 

As of August 7, 2023, there were 12,726,911 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.0001 par value, issued and outstanding.

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

 

Page 

PART I- FINANCIAL INFORMATION

3

Item 1: Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

3

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2022

3

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

4

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

5

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

6

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

7

Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

23

Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

28

Item 4: Controls and Procedures

28

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

30

Item 1: Legal Proceedings

30

Item 1A: Risk Factors

30

Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

30

Item 3: Defaults Upon Senior Securities

30

Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosures

30

Item 5: Other Information

30

Item 6: Exhibits

30

SIGNATURES

31

 

 

 

 

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

ODYSSEY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

  

June 30,

  

December 31,

 
  

2023 (unaudited)

  

2022

 

Assets

        
         

Current Assets:

        

Cash

 $632,425  $2,428,289 

Accounts receivable

     50,750 

Deferred expenses

  36,925    

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

  116,589   68,204 

Total Current Assets

  785,939   2,547,243 
         

Restricted cash

  103,255   103,240 

Property and equipment, net

  890,961   989,246 

Deferred Offering Costs

  25,000    

Operating ROU Asset

  448,596   532,953 
         

Total Assets

 $2,253,751  $4,172,682 
         

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

        
         

Current Liabilities:

        

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 $374,436  $382,905 

Loan payable - short term

  75,248   72,424 

Lease liability - short term portion

  177,144   171,496 

Deferred revenue

  77,500    

Total Current Liabilities

  704,328   626,825 
         

Long-term lease liability

  271,452   361,457 

Promissory Note - related party

  4,824,000   4,442,000 

Accrued Interest on Promissory Notes

  230,110   51,983 

Loans payable - long term

  224,857   264,729 

Total liabilities

  6,254,747   5,746,994 

Commitments and contingencies

      
           

Stockholders’ Equity:

        

Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022

      

Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 45,000,000 shares authorized, 12,726,911 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022

  1,272   1,272 

Additional paid-in capital

  11,206,329   10,776,181 

Accumulated deficit

  (15,208,597)  (12,351,765)
         

Total Stockholders’ Equity

  (4,000,996)  (1,574,312)
         

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

 $2,253,751  $4,172,682 
         

 

See notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

ODYSSEY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

 

   

For the Three Months Ended June 30,

   

For the Six Months Ended June 30,

 
   

2023

   

2022

   

2023

   

2022

 
                                 

Revenues

  $ 8,400     $ 20,581     $ 36,900     $ 50,519  
                                 

Cost of Revenues

    2,450       23,097       24,433       54,096  
                                 

Gross Profit (Loss)

    5,950       (2,516 )     12,467       (3,577 )
                                 

Operating Expenses:

                               

Research and development

    507,618       647,705       1,082,794       1,016,889  

Selling, general, and administrative

    598,579       677,847       1,230,214       1,435,774  
                                 

Total Operating Expenses

    1,106,197       1,325,552       2,313,008       2,452,663  
                                 

Loss From Operations

    (1,100,247 )     (1,328,068 )     (2,300,541 )     (2,456,240 )
                                 

Other Income (Expense):

                               

Forgiveness of PPP loan and other income

    11,258       11       11,258       2,024  

Interest income (expense)

    (93,316 )     (3,668 )     (185,549 )     (7,484 )

Change in Fair Value of Promissory Notes

    (189,000 )           (382,000 )      

Net Loss

  $ (1,371,305 )   $ (1,331,725 )   $ (2,856,832 )   $ (2,461,700 )
                                 

Net (Loss) Income Per Share:

                               

Basic

  $ (0.11 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.22 )   $ (0.19 )

Diluted

  $ (0.07 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.15 )   $ (0.19 )
                                 

Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding:

                               

Basic

    12,726,911       12,726,911       12,726,911       12,726,911  

Diluted

    18,955,745       12,726,911       18,955,745       12,726,911  

 

See notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

ODYSSEY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY

FOR THE three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

(Unaudited)

 

   

Common Stock

                         
                   

Additional

           

Total

 
                   

Paid-In

   

Accumulated

   

Stockholders’

 
   

Shares

   

Amount

   

Capital

   

Deficit

   

Equity

 
                                         

Balance - December 31, 2022

    12,726,911     $ 1,272     $ 10,776,181     $ (12,351,765 )   $ (1,574,312 )
                                         

Stock based compensation

                  214,705             214,705  

Net loss three months ended 3/31/2023

                      (1,485,527 )     (1,485,527 )

Balance - March 31, 2023

    12,726,911     $ 1,272     $ 10,990,886     $ (13,837,292 )   $ (2,845,134 )
                                         

Stock based compensation

                  215,443             215,443  

Net loss three months ended 6/30/2023

                      (1,371,305 )     (1,371,305 )

Balance - June 30, 2023

    12,726,911     $ 1,272     $ 11,206,329     $ (15,208,597 )   $ (4,000,996 )

 

   

Common Stock

                         
                   

Additional

           

Total

 
                   

Paid-In

   

Accumulated

   

Stockholders

 
   

Shares

   

Amount

   

Capital

   

Deficit

   

Equity

 

Balance - December 31, 2021

    12,726,911     $ 1,272     $ 9,873,345     $ (6,658,153 )   $ 3,216,464  
                                         

Stock based compensation

                51,049             51,049  

Net loss three months ended 3/31/2022

                      (1,129,975 )     (1,129,975 )

Balance - March 31, 2022

    12,726,911     $ 1,272     $ 9,924,394     $ (7,788,128 )   $ 2,137,538  
                                         

Stock based compensation

                458,750             458,750  

Net loss three months ended 6/30/2022

                      (1,331,725 )     (1,331,725 )

Balance - June 30, 2022

    12,726,911     $ 1,272     $ 10,383,144     $ (9,119,853 )   $ 1,264,563  

 

See notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

ODYSSEY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

 

   

For the Six Months Ended

 
   

June 30,

 
   

2023

   

2022

 

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:

               

Net loss

  $ (2,856,832 )   $ (2,461,700 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

               

Stock-based compensation

    430,148       509,799  

Fair value adjustment to Promissory Note

    382,000        

Accrued Interest

    178,127        

Depreciation and amortization

    98,285       91,392  

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

               

Accounts receivable

    50,750       6,000  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

    (48,385 )     (13,448 )

Deferred expenses

    (36,925 )     (54,089 )

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

    (8,469 )     205,423  

Deferred revenue

    77,500       65,000  
                 

Total Adjustments

    1,123,031       810,077  
                 

Net Cash Used In Operating Activities

    (1,733,801 )     (1,651,623 )
                 

Cash Flows Used In Investing Activities:

               

Purchases of property and equipment

          (288,883 )

Lease of property

          (16,665 )

Net Cash Used In Investing Activities

          (305,548 )
                 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities:

               

Repayment of government loans

    (37,048 )     (36,764 )

Payment of deferred offering costs

    (25,000 )      
                 

Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities

    (62,048 )     (36,764 )
                 

Net Increase (Decrease) In Cash and Restricted Cash

    (1,795,849 )     (1,993,935 )
                 

Cash and Restricted Cash - Beginning Of Period

    2,531,529       2,701,414  
                 

Cash and Restricted Cash - End Of Period

  $ 735,680     $ 707,479  
                 

Cash and Restricted Cash Consisted of the Following:

               

Cash

  $ 632,425     $ 604,255  

Restricted cash

    103,255       103,224  

Cash and Restricted Cash

  $ 735,680     $ 707,479  
                 

Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:

               

Cash paid during the year for:

               

Interest

  $ 7,422     $ 7,027  
                 

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

               

Operating Lease ROU Asset

  $ 680,683     $ 680,683  

 

See notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

ODYSSEY SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

 

 

Note 1 Nature of Operations and Liquidity

 

Organization and Operations

 

Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc. (“Odyssey Technologies”) was incorporated on April 12, 2019 under the laws of the State of Delaware. Odyssey Technologies, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Odyssey Semiconductor, Inc. (“Odyssey Semiconductor”) and Odyssey Semiconductor’s wholly owned subsidiary, JR2J, LLC (“JR2J”) (collectively, the “Company”), is a semiconductor device company developing high-voltage power switching components and systems based on proprietary Gallium Nitride (“GaN”) processing technology.

 

Liquidity and Financial Condition

 

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had a cash balance, working capital and accumulated deficit of $632,425, $81,661, and $15,208,597, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company generated a net loss of $2,856,832.

 

The Company believes its current cash on hand will not be sufficient to meet its operating obligations and capital requirements for the next twelve months from the issuance of these financial statements. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. Therefore, the Company will need to raise further capital through the sale of additional equity or debt securities or other debt instruments to support its future operations.  

 

The Company requires funding for operating needs and capital expenditures. The Company’s future capital requirements and the adequacy of its available funds will depend on many factors, including the Company’s ability to successfully commercialize its products and services, competing technological and market developments, and the need to enter into collaborations with other companies or acquire other companies or technologies to enhance or complement its product and service offerings. There is also no assurance that the amount of funds the Company might raise will enable the Company to complete its development initiatives or attain profitable operations. If the Company is unable to obtain additional financing on a timely basis, it may have to curtail its development, marketing and promotional activities. Reduction in these efforts would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately, the Company could be forced to discontinue its operations and liquidate.

 

7

 
 

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of  June 30, 2023 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year ending  December 31, 2023 or any other period. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related disclosures as of  December 31, 2022 and for the year then ended which have been previously filed.

 

Use of Estimates

 

Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the amounts disclosed in the related notes to the financial statements. The Company’s significant estimates used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, fair value calculations for equity securities, stock-based compensation, the collectability of receivables, the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets, and the valuation allowance related to the Company’s deferred tax assets. Certain of the Company’s estimates could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to the Company and general economic conditions. It is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on the Company’s estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents in the financial statements. As of  June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no cash equivalents. The Company has cash on deposits in several financial institutions which, at times, may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts and periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of its financial institutions. The Company reduces its credit risk by placing its cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions.

 

8

 

Restricted Cash

 

Restricted cash was comprised of cash held as a security deposit in connection with the Company’s operating lease. See Note 9 – Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability for additional details.

 

Deferred Expenses

 

Deferred expenses consist of labor, materials and other costs that are attributable to customer contracts that the Company has not completed its performance obligation under the contract and, as a result, has not recognized revenue. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, deferred expenses were approximately $37,000 and $0, respectively.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives once the asset is placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the economic useful life of the related assets, are charged to operations as incurred, and expenditures which extend the economic life are capitalized. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the remaining term of their respective lease. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the costs and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on disposal is recognized in the statement of operations for the respective period.

 

The Company’s long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount.

 

The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are as follows:

 

Schedule of estimated useful lives of property and equipment

Asset

Useful lives (years)

Computer and office equipment

5

Lab equipment

5

Leasehold improvements

shorter of useful life or lease term

Machinery

7 - 15

Furniture

7

 

Offering Costs

 

Deferred offering costs, which primarily consist of direct, incremental professional fees incurred in connection with a debt or equity financing, are capitalized as non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Once the financing closes, the Company reclassifies such costs as either discounts to notes payable or as a reduction of proceeds received from equity transactions so that such costs are recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. If the completion of a contemplated financing was deemed to be no longer probable, the related deferred offering costs would be charged to general and administrative expense in the consolidated financial statements.

 

9

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue under ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

 

 

Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer;

 

Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract;

 

Step 3: Determine the transaction price;

 

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

 

Step 5: Recognize revenue when the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

 

A majority of the Company’s revenues are generated from contracts with customers that require it to design, develop, manufacture, test and integrate complex equipment and to provide engineering and technical services according to customer specifications. These contracts are often priced on a time and material type basis. Revenues on time and material type contracts are generally recognized in each period based on the amount billable to the customer which is based on direct labor hours expended multiplied by the contractual fixed rate per hour, plus the actual costs of materials and other direct non-labor costs.

 

The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Contract assets are comprised of unbilled contract receivables related to revenues earned but not yet invoiced to customers.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, there was no revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods.

 

The Company generated revenue from government contracts that reimburse the Company for certain allowable costs for funded projects. For contracts with government agencies, when the Company has concluded that it is the principal in conducting the research and development expenses and where the funding arrangement is considered central to the Company’s ongoing operations, the Company classifies the recognized funding received as revenue. The Company has determined that revenue generated from government grants is outside the scope of ASC 606 and, as a result, the Company recognizes revenue upon incurring qualifying, reimbursable expenses. No grant revenue was recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period during which services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. Upon the exercise of an award, the Company issues new shares of common stock out of its authorized shares.

 

10

 

The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining term consistent with the expected term of the instrument being valued. Option forfeitures are accounted for at the time of occurrence. The expected term used is the estimated period of time that warrants or options are expected to be outstanding. The Company utilizes the “simplified” method to develop an estimate of the expected term of “plain vanilla” employee options. For investor warrants and non-employee options, the expected term used is the contractual life of the instrument being valued. The Company uses its trading history to support its historical volatility calculations.

 

Net (Loss) Income per share of Common Stock

 

Basic net (loss) income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of vested shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common and dilutive common-equivalent shares outstanding during each period.

 

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of weighted average dilutive shares of common stock because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

 

  

As of June 30,

 
  

2023

  

2022

 

Warrants

  245,696   245,696 

Options

  2,844,496   2,048,246 

Total

  3,090,192   2,293,942 

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of items that have been included or excluded in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts (“temporary differences”) at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets for all periods, due to the uncertainty of future utilization.

 

11

 

The Company utilizes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Management has evaluated and concluded that there were no material uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s financial statements as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company does not expect any significant changes in its unrecognized tax benefits within twelve months of the reporting date. The Company’s policy is to classify assessments, if any, for tax related interest as interest expense and penalties as selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, current economic and industry conditions and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. This forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe that full consideration has been given to all relevant circumstances that we may be subject to, and the consolidated financial statements accurately reflect our best estimate of the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented.

 

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments for all assets and liabilities, including those related to the fair value of stock options for determination of the stock-based compensation expense. The amount of stock based compensation has been a significant expense over the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. The assumptions that go into the Black-Scholes calculation are the major driver of the calculation of the fair value of the stock options at the date of grant. The major assumption of volatility is based upon historical data, and the majority of the other assumptions used in the Black Scholes computation is based upon the terms of the specific stock option grant.

 

Revenues and cost of sales are important metrics in demonstrating the completion of projects and shipment of products to customers, and the profitability of such revenues. Accordingly, revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy. The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Contract assets are comprised of unbilled contract receivables related to revenues earned but not yet invoiced to customers. We review the status of each project at each period end and determine whether the earnings process is complete and the revenue and costs of sales should be recognized.

 

Leases

 

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) established Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, “Leases”, by issuing Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, which requires lessees to now recognize operating leases on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASC Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. Lessor accounting under the new standard is substantially unchanged. Additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures are also required. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition method, which applies the provisions of the standard at the effective date without adjusting the comparative periods presented. The Company adopted the following practical expedients and accounting policies elections related to this standard:

 

 

Short-term lease accounting policy election allowing lessees to not recognize ROU assets and liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less;

 

The option to not separate lease and non-lease components in the Company’s lease contracts; and

 

The package of practical expedients applied to all of its leases, including (i) not reassessing whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (ii) not reassessing the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (iii) not reassessing the capitalization of initial direct costs for any existing leases.

 

12

 

Adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities of approximately $681,000 on the consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2022. Disclosures related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases are included in Note 9, Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability.

 

Convertible Promissory Notes - Related Party

 

The Company accounts for convertible Promissory notes issued in 2022 under ASC 815. The Company has made the election under 815-15-25 to account for the Promissory Notes under the fair value option. Using the fair value option, the convertible Promissory Notes are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet thereafter. Differences between the face value of the Promissory Note and fair value at issuance are recognized as either an expense in the statement of operations (if issued at a premium) or as a capital contribution (if issued at a discount). Changes in the estimated fair value of the Promissory Notes are recognized as non-cash gains or losses in the statement of operations.

 

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards

 

In August of 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)”. ASU 2020-06 simplifies the process of evaluating certain financial instruments with both equity and debt characteristics. This update limits the number of models needed when evaluating embedded features of a debt instrument in order to improve transparency for the users of the financial statements. The Company has elected early adoption of this standard on January 1, 2022. Adoption of this standard allows the Company to measure the derivative liability at fair market value.

 

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses”. This update requires immediate recognition of management’s estimates of current expected credit losses (“CECL”). Under the prior model, losses were recognized only as they were incurred. The new model is applicable to all financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for public entities qualifying as small reporting companies. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements and do not anticipate a significant impact.

 

13

 
 

Note 3 - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

 

Prepaid expenses consisted of the following:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Insurance

  $ 25,480     $ 17,879  

Tooling

  $ 60,442       44,765  

Other

  $ 27,667       5,560  

Retainers

  $ 3,000        

Total

  $ 116,589     $ 68,204  

 

Tooling consists of engineering designs and build for packaging semiconductors for samples. Samples shipped during the first quarter of 2023. This total amount is being amortized over 2 years, coinciding with the first shipment of samples.

 

 

Note 4 Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment consisted of the following:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Computer and office equipment

  $ 2,807     $ 2,807  

Lab equipment

  $ 15,606       15,606  

Furniture

  $ 53,420       53,420  

Leasehold improvements

  $ 709,646       709,646  

Machinery

  $ 668,889       668,889  

Subtotal

    1,450,368       1,450,368  

Accumulated Depreciation

    (559,407 )     (461,122 )
                 

Property and Equipment, net

  $ 890,961     $ 989,246  

 

Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was approximately $51,000 and $42,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 

 

Note 5 - Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Accounts Payable

  $ 58,938     $ 42,182  

Credit Cards Payable

  $ 41,726       39,936  

Accrued Bonus

  $ 64,086       112,500  

Accrued Payroll

  $ 41,935       50,355  

Other Accrued Expenses

  $ 167,751       137,932  

Total

  $ 374,436     $ 382,905  

 

Accrued Interest is now included in Note 13 – Convertible Bridge Note as a long-term liability.

 

14

 
 

Note 6 Stockholders Equity

 

Authorized Capital

 

The Company is authorized to issue 45,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share. The holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to one vote per share. No preferred shares have been issued as of the date hereof.

 

Common Stock Transactions

 

In March 2021, the Company sold 1,251,625 shares of common stock at $4.00 per share for gross proceeds of $5,006,500 in connection with a private placement of securities. The costs associated with such issuance were $407,445 in cash and warrants to purchase 89,730 shares of Common Stock of the Company with a term of 5 years and an exercise price of $4.00 per share. An aggregate of $480,000 of proceeds were raised from related parties (including an aggregate of $430,000 from officers and directors of the Company), representing approximately 10% of the total gross proceeds.

 

2022 Private Placement

 

On August 8, 2022 and December 23, 2022, the Company issued secured convertible promissory notes in the amounts of $1,250,000 and $2,350,000, respectively, to the Nina and John Edmunds 1998 Family Trust dated January 27, 1998, of which the Company’s Chairman, John Edmunds, is the trustee. The two promissory notes were issued as part of the same private placement. The outstanding principal balance and accrued interest on the promissory notes is convertible at the option of the note holder prior to their maturity. If conversion occurs at a qualified financing event, the two promissory notes will have a 15% and 20% discount on the offering price, respectively. Refer to Note 13 for details.

 

 

Note 7 Equity Compensation Plan

 

On June 18, 2019, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved the 2019 Equity Compensation Plan (the “2019 Plan”). The 2019 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, rights to purchase common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units to employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its affiliates. The 2019 Plan requires the exercise price of stock options to be not less than the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, or 110% of fair value in the case of incentive options granted to a ten-percent stockholder.

 

On March 11, 2020, the Company granted the following ten-year options to purchase shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share to the Company’s then newly appointed Executive Chairman and Acting Chief Executive Officer under the 2019 Plan: (i) an option to purchase 965,850 shares of common stock that vests ratably on a monthly basis over two years and (ii) an option to purchase 321,950 shares of common stock that vests based on performance criteria to be mutually agreed to by the Board and the executive. The grant was reduced to 500,000 options, including 375,000 options and 125,000 options respectively under the two categories, due to limitations under the 2019 Plan. The terms of the 125,000 performance-based options were established in the quarter ended December 31, 2020. The terms of the performance-based options were met during the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

 

On May 26, 2020, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to the 2019 Plan to (i) increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2019 Plan by 1,174,000 shares, such that a total of 2,500,000 shares of common stock were then authorized for issuance under the 2019 Plan; (ii) increase the maximum aggregate number of shares, options and/or other awards that may be granted to any one person during any calendar year from 500,000 to 1,300,000; and (iii) clarify the availability of cashless exercise as a form of consideration.

 

On July 16, 2020, the Company granted the following ten year options to purchase shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share to the Company’s then Executive Chairman and Acting Chief Executive Officer under the 2019 Plan: (i) an option to purchase 600,000 shares of common stock that vests ratably on a monthly basis over one year and (ii) an option to purchase 200,000 shares of common stock that vests based on specified performance criteria.

 

On September 16, 2020, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to the 2019 Plan to further increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2019 Plan from 2,500,000 shares to 4,600,000 shares.

 

From June 1 to June 22, 2021, the Company granted five and ten-year options to purchase 388,246 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.90 to $3.93 per share to employees, an advisory board member and board members under the 2019 Plan that vest over two to five years.

 

On September 22, 2021, upon the resignation of our then Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, a total of 1,911,160 unvested options that he previously received were forfeited as of such date. On such date, the Company also provided the acceleration of 25,000 unvested stock options previously issued which were to vest as of September 25, 2021. The impact of the modification of the stock option was not material.

 

15

 

On December 30, 2021, the Company granted five and ten-year options to purchase 445,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.77 per share to employees, an advisory board member and board members under the 2019 Plan that vest over one to four years.

 

On February 9, 2022, subject to the shareholders’ approval, the Board of Directors approved that the aggregate number of shares authorized for issuance as awards under the 2019 Plan shall be 4,600,000 shares plus an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year for the rest of the term of the Plan in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company on the last day of the immediately preceding year or (iii) an amount determined by the Board of Directors.

 

On April 26, 2022, the Company granted to Mr. Davidson an option to purchase 650,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $1.66 per share. The option will vest at the rate of 25% per year on the anniversary date from the first day of his employment starting from April 1, 2023. The option will be subject to acceleration in vesting in connection with the occurrence of a change of control event during the term of Mr. Davidson’s employment.

 

On November 4, 2022 the Company granted to Laura Krauss an option to purchase 75,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $0.85 per share. The option will vest over a period of four years in equal annual installments from November 2023.

 

On January 26, 2023 the Company granted five-year options to purchase 862,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.96 per share to employees and an independent contractor under the 2019 Plan that vest over four years. Included in this issuance were 142,500 options granted to the CEO as payment for his 2022 performance bonus.

 

On June 30, 2023, 71,250 shares were forfeited due to an employee and an independent contractor leaving the Company.

 

The stock option activity from January 1, 2022 through  June 30, 2023 is as follows:

 

      

Weighted-

  

Weighted-

 
      

Average

  

Average

 
      

Exercise

  

Remaining

 
      

Price per

  

Contractual

 
  

Shares

  

share

  

Life (years)

 
             

Balance, January 1, 2022

  1,398,246   2.20   6.3 

Options granted

  725,000   1.58   9.4 

Options expired or forfeited

  (25,000)  1.50    

Balance, December 31, 2022

  2,098,246   1.98   6.1 

Options granted

  817,500   0.96   4.8 

Options expired or forfeited

  (71,250)  1.09    

Balance, June 30, 2023

  2,844,496   1.72   7.8 

Vested shares at June 30, 2023

  1,187,748   1.91   7.7 

 

The following table summarizes the outstanding options at June 30, 2023 by exercise price:

 

Exercise price

  

Outstanding options

  

Exercisable options

 
           
$0.85   75,000    
$0.96   757,500   35,625 
$1.50   540,000   540,000 
$1.66   650,000   162,500 
$1.77   433,750   182,500 
$2.90   70,246   35,123 
$3.55   50,000   20,000 
$3.93   268,000   212,000 
     2,844,496   1,187,748 

 

16

 

At June 30, 2023, the Company had 1,368,629 shares of common stock available to grant under the 2019 Plan.

 

The Company has estimated the fair value of all stock option awards as of the date of grant by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model, the Company used the following weighted average assumptions for issuances during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

 

  

2023

  

2022

 

Risk-free interest rate

  3.80%  2.77%

Expected term (years)

  5.0   7.0 

Expected volatility

  110.9%  100.4%

Expected dividends

  0   0 

Grant date fair value of common stock (share)

 $0.77  $1.38 

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options of approximately $383,000, of which approximately $104,000 was recorded as part of research and development expenses and $276,000 was included within general and administrative expenses and $3,000 of which was included within cost of revenues on the consolidated statements of operations.

 

As of June 30, 2023, there was unamortized stock-based compensation of approximately $772,000 which the Company expects to recognize over approximately 3.5 years. As of June 30, 2023, the intrinsic value of outstanding and vested stock options was nil.

 

 

Note 8 - Commitments and Contingencies

 

Litigations, Claims, and Assessments

 

From time to time, the Company is involved in various disputes, claims, liens and litigation matters arising out of the normal course of business which could result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s combined financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated. As of June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Company had no outstanding claims or litigation and had no liabilities recorded for loss contingencies.

 

Employment Agreement

 

On April 7, 2022, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Mark Davidson as Chief Executive Officer of the Company effective as of April 18, 2022. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Davidson an annual base salary of $300,000, and an annual target bonus for 2022 of up to $150,000 that will be prorated for nine (9) months (i.e. $112,500) based on his achievements of performance goals to be finalized and approved by the Board within the first two months of his employment. Such annual bonus will be paid in stock compensation until such time that the Company has sufficient cash flow. On January 26, 2023, the Company issued 142,500 stock options to Mr. Davidson as payment for his 2022 performance bonus. His eligibility for future bonuses will be determined by the Board in accordance with the Company’s future bonus plans and programs. In addition, the Company agreed to grant to Mr. Davidson an option to purchase 650,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $1.66 per share, which will vest starting from April 26, 2023, in four annual equal installments. The option will be subject to acceleration in vesting in connection with the occurrence of a change of control event during the term of Mr. Davidson’s employment.

 

On September 2, 2022, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Laura Krauss as Controller of the Company effective September 19, 2022. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company agreed to pay Ms. Krauss an annual base salary of $120,000. The Company has also agreed to pay Ms. Krauss a one-time signing bonus in the amount of $4,500, to be paid within 7 days of her start date, and a retention bonus of $4,500, to be paid after six months of employment. In the event of Company closure, the Company will reserve three months’ salary as severance to be available providing Ms. Krauss remains in good standing with the Company. In addition, the Company agreed to grant Ms. Krauss an option to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $0.85 per share, which will vest starting from November 15, 2023, in four annual equal installments. The option will be subject to acceleration in vesting in connection with the occurrence of a change of control event during the term of Ms. Krauss’ employment. Effective November 4, 2022, Ms. Krauss was appointed Chief Accounting Officer. The Company did not enter into a new agreement with Ms. Krauss.

 

17

 
 

Note 9 Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability

 

The assets and liabilities from operating leases are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term using the Company’s incremental borrowing rates or implicit rates, when readily determinable. Short-term leases, which have an initial term of 12 months or less, are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate that can readily be determined. Therefore, the Company uses a discount rate based on its estimated incremental commercial borrowing rate.

 

Operating Lease

 

On August 21, 2019, the Company entered into a lease for a 10,000 square foot facility consisting of lab and office space. The lease requires monthly payments of $16,667 and expires on November 30, 2025. The Company has arranged for a $100,000 letter of credit in favor of the landlord in lieu of a security deposit, which is included as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022.

 

The following table presents information about the amount and timing of liabilities arising from the Company’s operating and finance leases as of June 30, 2023:

 

  

Operating Lease

 

Maturity of Lease Liabilities

 

Liabilities

 
     

2023

  100,000 

2024

  200,000 

2025

  183,337 

Total undiscounted operating lease payments

 $483,337 

Less: Imputed interest

  34,741 

Present value of operating lease liabilities

 $448,596 

Short-term portion

  177,144 

Long term portion

 $271,452 
     

Remaining lease term in years

  2.67 

Discount rate

  6.50%

 

The Company incurred lease expense for its operating lease of approximately $100,000 and $100,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 

The Right of Use Asset at June 30, 2023 of $448,596 is being amortized over the lease term.

 

 

Note 10 Concentrations

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, revenues were generated primarily from two customers. On  June 30, 2023, all deferred revenues are attributable to two customer contracts.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, revenues were generated primarily from two customers. On June 30, 2022, all deferred revenues are attributable to one customer contract.

 

18

 
 

Note 11 Government Loans

 

Paycheck Protection Program Loans

 

On May 1, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds in the amount of approximately $211,000 under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). The PPP, established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, as amended (“CARES Act”), provides for loans to qualifying businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times of the average monthly payroll expenses of such qualifying business. The loans and accrued interest are forgivable after certain time periods further defined in the CARES Act (the “Covered Period”) as long as the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll, benefits, rent and utilities, and maintains its payroll levels. The amount of loan forgiveness will be reduced if the borrower terminates employees or reduces salaries during the Covered Period. The outstanding balance was included in long-term loans payable at December 31, 2021. On March 6, 2021, the entire loan balance was forgiven.

 

On February 24, 2021, the Company received $193,625 pursuant to a promissory note issued under the Paycheck Protection Program Part 2 (“PPP2”). Interest was to accrue at 1% per annum and the note is payable in 60 monthly installments of $3,300 commencing May 2022; however, on November 15, 2021, the entire loan balance was forgiven.

 

Economic Injury Disaster Loan Advance

 

On May 1, 2020, the Company received an advance in the amount of $10,000 from the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) under the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (“EIDL”) program administered by the SBA, which program was expanded pursuant to the CARES Act. Such advance amount will reduce the Company’s PPP loan forgiveness amount described above. The Company received an additional $138,900 under this program on August 30, 2020. The loan is payable in monthly payments of $678 including interest at 3.75% payable over 30 years. Payments began one year after receipt of funds and were first applied to the accrued interest.

 

Tomkins County Area Development Loan

 

On May 27, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds in the amount of $50,000 from the Tomkins County Area Development (“TCAD”) Emergency Relief Loan Fund. The loan matures after four years and bears interest in the amount of 2.5% per annum, with one year of no interest or principal payments, followed by three years of monthly payments of principal and interest in the amount of $1,443 per month. The loan is collateralized by certain assets of the Company.

 

Equipment Loans

 

On August 20, 2020, the Company received a loan of $100,000 from Broome County Industrial Development Agency (5 year facility, 2.5% annual interest rate, monthly payment of $1,775); on September 1, 2020, the Company received a loan of $100,000 from Southern Tier Region Economic Development Corporation (5 year facility, 5.0% annual interest rate, monthly payment of $2,072); and on September 10, 2020, the Company received a loan of $75,000 from TCAD (5 year facility, 2.5% annual interest rate, monthly payment of $1,331). These loans were used to acquire equipment used in the laboratory, and are secured by the underlying assets of the Company.

 

19

 

The loans are summarized as follows:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Principal outstanding

  $ 302,233     $ 339,737  

Deferred loan costs, net of amortization

    (2,128 )     (2,584 )

Subtotal

    300,105       337,153  

Less current portion

    (75,248 )     (72,424 )
                 

Total long term portion

  $ 224,857     $ 264,729  

 

Interest expense on the above debt instruments was approximately $3,000 and $4,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 

 

Note 12 Revision of stock compensation expense

 

During the second quarter of 2022, the Company identified certain adjustments required to correct balances within stock-based compensation, which is included in operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, related to employees, directors and consultants (see Note 7 – Equity Compensation Plan) recorded during the three-month periods from June 2021 to March 2022. The Company had incorrectly calculated the amortization of the stock-based compensation for the periods from June 2021 to March 2022. The error discovered resulted in an understatement of the stock-based compensation expense for the period of March 2022 summarized as follows:

 

   

As previously

                 
   

reported

   

adjustment

   

As if restated

 
                         

Three months ended 3/31/2022

                       
                         

Gross profit (loss)

    (1,061 )     (1,507 )     (2,568 )

Operating expenses

    1,127,111       98,961       1,226,072  

Operating loss

    (1,128,172 )     100,468       (1,027,704 )

Net loss

    (1,129,975 )     (100,468 )     (1,230,443 )
                         

Additional paid in capital

    9,924,394       262,523       10,186,917  

Accumulated Deficit

    (7,788,128 )     (262,523 )     (8,050,651 )

 

20

 

Based upon an analysis of Accounting Standards Codification 250 “accounting Changes and Error Corrections (ASC 250), U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, “Materiality” and SAB No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”), the Company determined this error was immaterial to the previously-issued condensed consolidated financial statements, and as such no restatement was necessary. Correcting prior-period financial statements for such immaterial misstatements does not require previously filed reports to be amended. Accordingly, the misstatement was corrected in the period ended June 30, 2022.

 

For the year ended  December 31, 2022, correction of this error increased our stock-based compensation expense, total operating expenses by $262,523.

 

 

Note 13 Convertible Promissory Notes Related Party

 

The Company issued two secured convertible promissory notes on August 8, 2022 (“Promissory Note I”) and December 23, 2022 (“Promissory Note II”) in the amounts of $1,250,000 and $2,350,000, respectively, (collectively, the “Promissory Notes”) to a trust of which the Company’s Chairman, John Edmunds, is the trustee, pursuant to certain subscription agreements. The Promissory Notes were issued as part of a private placement for sale up to $3,750,000 of secured convertible promissory notes.

 

On December 23, 2022, the Company entered into a modification agreement on Promissory Note I which extended its maturity date to June 30, 2025, consistent with the maturity date of Promissory Note II. There were no other significant modifications to the terms of Promissory Note I.

 

The Promissory Notes bear interest at a rate of ten percent (10%) per annum, on a non-compounding basis, and are due and payable on the earlier of (i) the date upon which the Promissory Notes are converted into equity securities of the Company, or (ii) at their maturity date on June 30, 2025. All interest due shall be paid in shares of the Company’s common stock, which shall be valued at a price equal to the average of the last 20 trading days’ closing price of the Company’s common stock, commencing on the date immediately preceding the date of conversion for purposes of the interest computation. The Promissory Notes may be convertible anytime at the discretion of the holder into shares of common stock of the Company at a price equal to the average of the last 20 trading days’ closing price, or automatically converted upon the listing of the Company’s common stock on a National Securities Exchange or the closing of a public offering of the Company’s common stock with aggregate proceeds of at least $5 million at a 15% and a 20% discount to the per share public offering price for Promissory Note I and Promissory Note II, respectively. The Promissory Notes also contain a change of ownership clause. In the event a Corporate Transaction (as defined in the subscription agreements) occurs prior to the conversion or repayment of the Promissory Note I and II, at the closing of the Corporate Transaction (in lieu of conversion) the Company shall redeem Promissory Note I and Note II at a price equal to 200% of the principal amount (in full satisfaction of principal and interest due). Accrued interest on the above debt instruments was approximately $230,000 as of June 30, 2023 and $52,000 as of December 31, 2022.

 

The Company accounts for convertible Promissory Notes under ASC 815. The Company has made the election under 815-15-25 to account for the Promissory Notes under the fair value option. Using the fair value option, the Promissory Notes are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet thereafter. Differences between the face value of the Promissory Notes and fair value at issuance are recognized as either an expense in the statement of operations (if issued at a premium) or as a capital contribution (if issued at a discount). Changes in the estimated fair value of the Promissory Notes are recognized as non-cash gains or losses in the statement of operations.

 

The related party convertible Promissory Notes were valued using the Probability-Weighted Expected Returns Method (PWERM), which is considered to be a Level 3 fair value measurement. The inputs used to determine fair market value of the notes are the following:

 

  

December 31, 2022

  

June 30, 2023

 

Market Rate

  12.41%  16.41%

Probability of Maturity

  10.0%  5.0%

Maturity Date

 

June 30, 2025

  

June 30, 2025

 

Probability of Qualified Financing Event

  85%  85%

Qualified Financing Event Date

 

June 30, 2023

  

June 30, 2024

 

Probability of Corporate Transaction

  5.0%  10.0%

Corporate Transaction Event Date

 

June 30, 2023

  

September 30, 2023

 

 

These assumptions are based on the judgment and experience of management and based on conversations with investment banks and interested investors.

 

21

 

The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Company’s convertible Promissory Notes:

 

Face value at December 31, 2022

 $3,600,000 

Change in fair value

  842,000 

Fair value at December 31, 2022

  4,442,000 

Change in fair value

  193,000 

Fair value at March 31, 2023

  4,635,000 

Change in fair value

  189,000 

Fair value at June 30, 2023

 $4,824,000 

 

 

Note 14 – Fair Value Measurements

 

As of June 30, 2023, the convertible Promissory Notes are the only liabilities measured at fair value. The Promissory Notes are classified as level 3 financial instruments.

 

The Company applies ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), which establishes a framework for measuring fair value and clarifies the definition of fair value within that framework. ASC 820 defines fair value as an exit price, which is the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the Company’s principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820 generally requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs reflect the entity’s own assumptions based on market data and the entity’s judgments about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are to be developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

 

Level 1 — Assets and liabilities with unadjusted, quoted prices listed on active market exchanges. Inputs to the fair value measurement are observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2 — Inputs to the fair value measurement are determined using prices for recently traded assets and liabilities with similar underlying terms, as well as direct or indirect observable inputs, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

 

Level 3 — Inputs to the fair value measurement are unobservable inputs, such as estimates, assumptions, and valuation techniques when little or no market data exists for the assets or liabilities.

 

 

Note 15 - Subsequent Events

 

The Company has evaluated events that have occurred after the balance sheet and through August 7, 2023. Based upon the evaluation, the Company did not identify any recognized or non-recognized subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.

 

22

 
 

Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our financial statements and the related notes and the other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly those under Risk Factors. Dollars in tabular format are presented in thousands, except per share data, or otherwise indicated.

 

OVERVIEW

 

We are a semiconductor device company developing revolutionary high-voltage power switching components and systems based on proprietary Gallium Nitride (GaN) processing technology. The premium power switching device market, which is described as applications where silicon-based (Si) systems perform insufficiently, is projected to reach over $3.5 billion by 2025 and is currently dominated by the semiconductor material silicon carbide (SiC). GaN-based systems outperform Si and SiC based systems in every way due to the superior material properties of GaN. However, the existing GaN products on the market use a lateral structure, limiting their ability to compete with SiC in the most valuable opportunities. Vertical GaN devices have, to-date proven difficult to process using standard semiconductor processing methods that are used to create Si and SiC based devices. We have developed a novel processing modification that allows GaN to be processed in a manner that for the first time, makes high voltage GaN power switching devices viably manufacturable. Our mission is to disrupt the rapidly growing premium power switching device market using our newly developed GaN high voltage power transistor for switching applications.

 

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

 

At the end of March 2023, product samples were delivered to customers as planned. The results validate the leadership performance expected from vertical GaN power devices verses competing technologies.

 

COMPONENTS OF OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Revenues

 

Our revenues are derived from contracts with customers that require us to design, develop, manufacture, test and integrate complex equipment and to provide engineering and technical services according to customer specifications. These contracts are often priced on a time and material type basis. Revenues on time and material type contracts are generally recognized in each period based on the amount billable to the customer which is based on direct labor hours expended multiplied by the contractual fixed rate per hour, plus the actual costs of materials and other direct non-labor costs. We bill customers based upon contractual terms, and accordingly, we have deferred revenues and contract assets depending upon whether we can bill in advance of earnings or in arrears, respectively.

 

Cost of Revenues

 

Cost of revenues consist of material, labor, a portion of occupancy expenses, and other expenses directly related to our revenue contracts.

 

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development includes expenses, primarily material, labor, a portion of occupancy expenses, and other expenses incurred in connection with the research and development of certain exploratory projects. Research and development expenses are expensed as they are incurred.

 

Selling, General, and Administrative

 

Selling, general, and administrative expenses consist of salaries, payroll taxes and other benefits, legal and professional fees, stock-based compensation, rent and office expenses, marketing and travel and other costs associated with our operation.

 

Other Income

 

Other income consists primarily of interest income on cash balances, and other miscellaneous items.

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Overview

 

The following table presents certain information from the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

 

Six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with six months ended June 30, 2022

 

   

For the Six Months Ended

                 
   

June 30,

   

Change

   

Change %

 
   

2023

   

2022

                 
                                 

Revenues

  $ 36,900     $ 50,519     $ (13,619 )     -27 %

Cost of Revenues

    24,433       54,096       (29,663 )     -55 %

Gross (Loss) Profit

    12,467       (3,577 )     16,044       -449 %

Operating Expenses:

                               

Research and development

    1,082,794       1,016,889       65,905       6 %

Selling, general, and administrative

    1,230,214       1,435,774       (205,560 )     -14 %

Total Operating Expenses

    2,313,008       2,452,663       (139,655 )     -6 %

(Loss) Income from Operations

    (2,300,541 )     (2,456,240 )     155,699       -6 %

Other Income:

                               

Other income

    11,258       2,024       9,234       456 %

Interest expense

    (185,549 )     (7,484 )     (178,065 )     2379 %

Change in fair value of contingent liability

    (382,000 )           (382,000 )     0 %

Net (Loss) Income

  $ (2,856,832 )   $ (2,461,700 )   $ (395,132 )     16 %

 

 

Revenues

 

Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $37,000 and $51,000, respectively, which represented a decrease of approximately $14,000, or 27%. We had two commercial customers as of June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022.. Two projects were started in the quarter ended June 30, 2023 but neither are complete. The timing of revenue recognition is driven by the completion of specified deliverables and the billing of time and materials over periods of time. Accordingly, the recognition of revenue for these contracts will vary from time to time.

 

Cost of Revenues

 

Cost of revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $24,000 and $54,000, respectively, which represented a decrease of approximately $30,000, or 55%. The base salary, facility and equipment usage fees to operate the fabrication facility during the 2023 and 2022 periods are relatively consistent and allocated between research and development and cost of revenues based upon the specific projects worked on during the period.  

 

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $1,083,000 and $1,017,000, respectively, which represented an increase of approximately $66,000, or 6%. The increase was primarily attributable to the purchase of wafers in 2023.

 

General and Administrative

 

Selling, general, and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $1,230,000 and $1,436,000, respectively, which represented a decrease of approximately $206,000, or 14%. The decrease was primarily attributable to non-recurring charges for consulting fees and stock offering costs of approximately $281,000 and stock compensation expense of approximately $128,000, offset in part by an increase in employee and contractor costs of approximately $205,000.

 

Other Income and expense items

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the fair value adjustment of the contingent liability resulted in a $382,000 expense. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, interest expense was approximately $186,000 compared to $7,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2022 due to the addition of the Promissory Notes, which represented an increase of approximately $178,000 or 2379%. Interest accrued on the Promissory Notes for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was approximately $178,500. 

 

Interest income in the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was insignificant. Other income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 includes the sale of non-capitalized equipment.

 

Net Loss

 

Net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $2,857,000 and $2,462,000, respectively, which represented an increase of approximately $395,000, or 16%. The increase was primarily attributable to the fair value adjustment of the contingent liability of $382,000.

 

Three months ended June 30, 2023 compared with three months ended June 30, 2022

 

Overview

 

The following table presents certain information from the condensed consolidated statements of operations:

 

   

For The Three Months ended

                 
   

June 30,

   

Change

   

Change %

 
   

2023

   

2022

                 
                                 

Revenues

  $ 8,400     $ 20,581     $ (12,181 )     -59 %

Cost of Revenues

    2,450       23,097       (20,647 )     -89 %

Gross (Loss) Profit

    5,950       (2,516 )     8,466       -336 %

Operating Expenses:

                               

Research and development

    507,618       647,705       (140,087 )     -22 %

Selling, general, and administrative

    598,579       677,847       (79,268 )     -12 %

Total Operating Expenses

    1,106,197       1,325,552       (219,355 )     -17 %

(Loss) Income from Operations

    (1,100,247 )     (1,328,068 )     227,821       -17 %

Other Income:

                               

Other income

    11,258       11       11,247       102244 %

Interest expense

    (93,316 )     (3,668 )     (89,648 )     2444 %

Change in fair value of contingent liability

    (189,000 )           (189,000 )     0 %

Net (Loss) Income

  $ (1,371,305 )   $ (1,331,725 )   $ (39,580 )     3 %

 

 

Revenues

 

Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $8,000 and $21,000 respectively, which represented a decrease of approximately $12,000, or 59%. We completed one contract with a commercial customer during the three months ending June 30, 2023. We had two substantial customers as of June 30, 2022. The timing of revenue recognition is driven by the completion of specified deliverables and the billing of time and materials over periods of time. Accordingly, the recognition of revenue for these contracts will vary from time to time.

 

Cost of Revenues

 

Cost of revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $2,000 and $23,000, respectively, which represented a decrease of approximately $21,000, or 89%. Only one revenue generating project was completed in the three months ending June 30, 2023. The cost of revenue decrease resulted from the allocation of expenses based on hours worked on the completed project. The base salary, facility and equipment usage fees to operate the fabrication facility during the 2023 and 2022 periods are relatively consistent. Resources are split between building our internal technology and offering foundry services.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $508,000 and $648,000, respectively, which represented a decrease of approximately $140,000, or 22%. The decrease was primarily attributable to a $93,000 prior period adjustment in 2022 for stock based compensation and the avoidance of $47,000 in repairs and maintenance costs.

 

General and Administrative

 

Selling, general, and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $599,000 and $678,000, respectively, which represented a decrease of approximately $79,000, or 12%. The decrease is related to prior period adjustment of $135,000 in 2022 for stock-based compensation, offset by increases in employee costs of $56,000.

 

Other Income and expense items

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the fair value adjustment of the contingent liability resulted in a $189,000 expense. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, interest expense of approximately $93,000 increased approximately $89,000, or 2444% compared to the corresponding 2022 period due to the addition of the convertible Promissory Notes in 2022.

 

Net Loss

 

Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $1,371,000 and $1,332,000, respectively, which represented an increase of approximately $39,000, or 3%. The increase was primarily attributable to the fair value adjustment and interest costs related to the bridge funding offset by a decrease in the net operating loss.

 

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

Liquidity

 

We measure our liquidity in a number of ways, including the following:

 

   

June 30, 2023

 

Cash

  $ 735,680  

Working Capital

  $ 81,611  

 

As of June 30, 2023, we had cash and a working capital of $735,680 and $81,611, respectively. We expect our current cash on hand to be insufficient to meet our operating and capital requirements for the next twelve months from the date of this filing. This raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.  Our operating needs include the planned costs to operate our business, including amounts required to fund working capital and capital expenditures as well as research and development. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of our available funds will depend on many factors, including our ability to successfully commercialize our products and services, competing technological and market developments, and the need to enter into collaborations with other companies or acquire other companies or technologies to enhance or complement our product and service offerings. If we are unable to secure additional capital, we may be required to curtail our research and development initiatives and take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve our cash.

 

 

Our sources and uses of cash were as follows:

 

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $(1,734,000) and $(1,652,000), respectively. Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 includes cash used to fund a net loss of approximately $2,857,000, reduced by approximately $1,089,000 of non-cash expense, and by $34,000 of net cash provided by changes in the levels of operating assets and liabilities.

 

No cash was used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was approximately $306,000 primarily attributable to the purchase property and equipment, and leasehold improvements in the laboratory.

 

Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $25,000 for payment of deferred offering costs and approximately $37,000 for the repayment of governmental loans. Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 consisted of approximately $37,000 for the repayment of governmental loans.

 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

 

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements (as that term is defined in Item 303 of Regulation S-K) that are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Our critical accounting policies are included in Note 2 of our financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

 

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

 

Our recently issued accounting standards are included in Note 2 of our financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

We are a smaller reporting company and are not required to provide the information under this item pursuant to Regulation S-K.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to be effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

 

In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute assurance of achieving the desired objectives. Also, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. The design of any system of controls is based, in part, upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2023 to cause the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods prescribed by SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

 

None.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

 

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this item.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

None.

 

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

 

None.

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 5. Other Information

 

None.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

 

The following exhibits are included and filed with this report.

 

Exhibit

Exhibit Description

3.1

Certificate of Incorporation of Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on November 15, 2019, File No. 333- 234741)

3.2

Bylaws of Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on November 15, 2019, File No. 333- 234741)

31.1

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer

31.2

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer

32.1

Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer *

101

Interactive Data Files

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Definition

104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

 

*

Furnished and not filed.

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on August 7, 2023.

 

Person

 

Capacity

 

Date

         

/s/ Mark Davidson

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

August 7, 2023

Mark Davidson

 

(Principal Executive Officer)

   
         

/s/ Laura Krauss

 

Chief Accounting Officer

  August 7, 2023

Laura Krauss

 

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

   

 

31

EXHIBIT 31.1

 

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,

As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, Mark Davidson, certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023 of Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods present in this report;

 

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13-a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involved management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: August [ ], 2023

 

 

/s/ Mark Davidson

 

Mark Davidson

 

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

EXHIBIT 31.2

 

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,

As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, Laura Krauss, certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023 of Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods present in this report;

 

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13-a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involved management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: August [ ], 2023

 

 

/s/Laura Krauss

 

Laura Krauss

 

Controller (Principal Financial Officer)

 

 

EXHIBIT 32.1

 

Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C §1350,

As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

Solely for the purposes of complying with 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, each of the undersigned, Mark Davidson, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer), and Laura Krauss, Controller (Principal Financial Officer) of Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”), hereby certifies, based on my knowledge, that:

 

1. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

Date: August [ ], 2023

 

 

/s/ Mark Davidson

 

Mark Davidson

 

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

/s/Laura Krauss

 

Laura Krauss

 

Controller (Principal Financial Officer)

 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

 

 
v3.23.2
Document And Entity Information - shares
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Aug. 07, 2023
Document Information [Line Items]    
Entity Central Index Key 0001781405  
Entity Registrant Name Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc.  
Amendment Flag false  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q2  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2023  
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Jun. 30, 2023  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 333-234741  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 84-1766761  
Entity Address, Address Line One 9 Brown Road  
Entity Address, City or Town Ithaca  
Entity Address, State or Province NY  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 14850  
City Area Code 607  
Local Phone Number 882-2754  
Entity Current Reporting Status No  
Entity Interactive Data Current No  
Entity Filer Category Non-accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business true  
Entity Emerging Growth Company true  
Entity Ex Transition Period false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   12,726,911
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Current Assets:    
Cash $ 632,425 $ 2,428,289
Accounts receivable 0 50,750
Deferred expenses 36,925 0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 116,589 68,204
Total Current Assets 785,939 2,547,243
Restricted cash 103,255 103,240
Property and equipment, net 890,961 989,246
Deferred Offering Costs 25,000
Operating ROU Asset 448,596 532,953
Total Assets 2,253,751 4,172,682
Current Liabilities:    
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 374,436 382,905
Loan payable - short term 75,248 72,424
Lease liability - short term portion 177,144 171,496
Deferred revenue 77,500 0
Total Current Liabilities 704,328 626,825
Long-term lease liability 271,452 361,457
Promissory Note - related party 4,824,000 4,442,000
Accrued Interest on Promissory Notes 230,110 51,983
Loans payable - long term 224,857 264,729
Total liabilities 6,254,747 5,746,994
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ Equity:    
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 0 0
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 45,000,000 shares authorized, 12,726,911 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 1,272 1,272
Additional paid-in capital 11,206,329 10,776,181
Accumulated deficit (15,208,597) (12,351,765)
Total Stockholders’ Equity (4,000,996) (1,574,312)
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 2,253,751 $ 4,172,682
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) (Parentheticals) - $ / shares
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
Preferred stock, authorized (in shares) 5,000,000 5,000,000
Preferred stock, issued (in shares) 0 0
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares) 0 0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
Common stock, authorized (in shares) 45,000,000 45,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares) 12,726,911 12,726,911
Common stock, outstanding (in shares) 12,726,911 12,726,911
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Revenues $ 8,400 $ 20,581 $ 36,900 $ 50,519
Cost of Revenues 2,450 23,097 24,433 54,096
Gross Profit (Loss) 5,950 (2,516) 12,467 (3,577)
Operating Expenses:        
Research and development 507,618 647,705 1,082,794 1,016,889
Selling, general, and administrative 598,579 677,847 1,230,214 1,435,774
Total Operating Expenses 1,106,197 1,325,552 2,313,008 2,452,663
Loss From Operations (1,100,247) (1,328,068) (2,300,541) (2,456,240)
Other Income (Expense):        
Forgiveness of PPP loan and other income 11,258 11 11,258 2,024
Interest income (expense) (93,316) (3,668) (185,549) (7,484)
Change in fair value (189,000) 0 (382,000) 0
Net Loss $ (1,371,305) $ (1,331,725) $ (2,856,832) $ (2,461,700)
Net (Loss) Income Per Share:        
Basic (in dollars per share) $ (0.11) $ (0.10) $ (0.22) $ (0.19)
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ (0.07) $ (0.10) $ (0.15) $ (0.19)
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding:        
Basic (in shares) 12,726,911 12,726,911 12,726,911 12,726,911
Diluted (in shares) 18,955,745 12,726,911 18,955,745 12,726,911
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)
Common Stock [Member]
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Retained Earnings [Member]
Total
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021 12,726,911      
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 1,272 $ 9,873,345 $ (6,658,153) $ 3,216,464
Stock based compensation 0 51,049 0 51,049
Net loss $ 0 0 (1,129,975) (1,129,975)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022 12,726,911      
Balance at Mar. 31, 2022 $ 1,272 9,924,394 (7,788,128) 2,137,538
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021 12,726,911      
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 1,272 9,873,345 (6,658,153) 3,216,464
Net loss       (2,461,700)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022 12,726,911      
Balance at Jun. 30, 2022 $ 1,272 10,383,144 (9,119,853) 1,264,563
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022 12,726,911      
Balance at Mar. 31, 2022 $ 1,272 9,924,394 (7,788,128) 2,137,538
Stock based compensation 0 458,750 0 458,750
Net loss $ 0 0 (1,331,725) (1,331,725)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022 12,726,911      
Balance at Jun. 30, 2022 $ 1,272 10,383,144 (9,119,853) 1,264,563
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 12,726,911      
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 1,272 10,776,181 (12,351,765) (1,574,312)
Stock based compensation 214,705 214,705
Net loss $ 0 0 (1,485,527) (1,485,527)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023 12,726,911      
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023 $ 1,272 10,990,886 (13,837,292) (2,845,134)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 12,726,911      
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 1,272 10,776,181 (12,351,765) (1,574,312)
Net loss       (2,856,832)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023 12,726,911      
Balance at Jun. 30, 2023 $ 1,272 11,206,329 (15,208,597) (4,000,996)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023 12,726,911      
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023 $ 1,272 10,990,886 (13,837,292) (2,845,134)
Stock based compensation 215,443 215,443
Net loss $ 0 0 (1,371,305) (1,371,305)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023 12,726,911      
Balance at Jun. 30, 2023 $ 1,272 $ 11,206,329 $ (15,208,597) $ (4,000,996)
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Mar. 31, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:              
Net loss $ (1,371,305) $ (1,485,527) $ (1,331,725) $ (1,129,975) $ (2,856,832) $ (2,461,700)  
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:              
Stock-based compensation         430,148 509,799  
Fair value adjustment to Promissory Note 189,000   0   382,000 0  
Accrued Interest         178,127 0  
Depreciation and amortization         98,285 91,392  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:              
Accounts receivable         50,750 6,000  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets         (48,385) (13,448)  
Deferred expenses         (36,925) (54,089)  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses         (8,469) 205,423  
Deferred revenue         77,500 65,000  
Total Adjustments         1,123,031 810,077  
Net Cash Used In Operating Activities         (1,733,801) (1,651,623)  
Cash Flows Used In Investing Activities:              
Purchases of property and equipment         0 (288,883)  
Lease of property         0 (16,665)  
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities         0 (305,548)  
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:              
Repayment of government loans         (37,048) (36,764)  
Payment of deferred offering costs         (25,000)  
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities         (62,048) (36,764)  
Net Increase (Decrease) In Cash and Restricted Cash         (1,795,849) (1,993,935)  
Cash and Restricted Cash - Beginning Of Period   $ 2,531,529   $ 2,701,414 2,531,529 2,701,414 $ 2,701,414
Cash and Restricted Cash - End Of Period 735,680   707,479   735,680 707,479 2,531,529
Cash and Restricted Cash Consisted of the Following:              
Cash 632,425   604,255   632,425 604,255 $ 2,428,289
Restricted cash 103,255   103,224   103,255 103,224  
Cash and Restricted Cash $ 735,680   $ 707,479   735,680 707,479  
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:              
Interest         7,422 7,027  
Non-cash investing and financing activities:              
Operating Lease ROU Asset         $ 680,683 $ 680,683  
v3.23.2
Note 1 - Nature of Operations and Liquidity
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 1 Nature of Operations and Liquidity

 

Organization and Operations

 

Odyssey Semiconductor Technologies, Inc. (“Odyssey Technologies”) was incorporated on April 12, 2019 under the laws of the State of Delaware. Odyssey Technologies, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Odyssey Semiconductor, Inc. (“Odyssey Semiconductor”) and Odyssey Semiconductor’s wholly owned subsidiary, JR2J, LLC (“JR2J”) (collectively, the “Company”), is a semiconductor device company developing high-voltage power switching components and systems based on proprietary Gallium Nitride (“GaN”) processing technology.

 

Liquidity and Financial Condition

 

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had a cash balance, working capital and accumulated deficit of $632,425, $81,661, and $15,208,597, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company generated a net loss of $2,856,832.

 

The Company believes its current cash on hand will not be sufficient to meet its operating obligations and capital requirements for the next twelve months from the issuance of these financial statements. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. Therefore, the Company will need to raise further capital through the sale of additional equity or debt securities or other debt instruments to support its future operations.  

 

The Company requires funding for operating needs and capital expenditures. The Company’s future capital requirements and the adequacy of its available funds will depend on many factors, including the Company’s ability to successfully commercialize its products and services, competing technological and market developments, and the need to enter into collaborations with other companies or acquire other companies or technologies to enhance or complement its product and service offerings. There is also no assurance that the amount of funds the Company might raise will enable the Company to complete its development initiatives or attain profitable operations. If the Company is unable to obtain additional financing on a timely basis, it may have to curtail its development, marketing and promotional activities. Reduction in these efforts would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately, the Company could be forced to discontinue its operations and liquidate.

 

v3.23.2
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of  June 30, 2023 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year ending  December 31, 2023 or any other period. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related disclosures as of  December 31, 2022 and for the year then ended which have been previously filed.

 

Use of Estimates

 

Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the amounts disclosed in the related notes to the financial statements. The Company’s significant estimates used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, fair value calculations for equity securities, stock-based compensation, the collectability of receivables, the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets, and the valuation allowance related to the Company’s deferred tax assets. Certain of the Company’s estimates could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to the Company and general economic conditions. It is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on the Company’s estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents in the financial statements. As of  June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no cash equivalents. The Company has cash on deposits in several financial institutions which, at times, may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts and periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of its financial institutions. The Company reduces its credit risk by placing its cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions.

 

Restricted Cash

 

Restricted cash was comprised of cash held as a security deposit in connection with the Company’s operating lease. See Note 9 – Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability for additional details.

 

Deferred Expenses

 

Deferred expenses consist of labor, materials and other costs that are attributable to customer contracts that the Company has not completed its performance obligation under the contract and, as a result, has not recognized revenue. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, deferred expenses were approximately $37,000 and $0, respectively.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives once the asset is placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the economic useful life of the related assets, are charged to operations as incurred, and expenditures which extend the economic life are capitalized. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the remaining term of their respective lease. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the costs and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on disposal is recognized in the statement of operations for the respective period.

 

The Company’s long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount.

 

The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are as follows:

 

Schedule of estimated useful lives of property and equipment

Asset

Useful lives (years)

Computer and office equipment

5

Lab equipment

5

Leasehold improvements

shorter of useful life or lease term

Machinery

7 - 15

Furniture

7

 

Offering Costs

 

Deferred offering costs, which primarily consist of direct, incremental professional fees incurred in connection with a debt or equity financing, are capitalized as non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Once the financing closes, the Company reclassifies such costs as either discounts to notes payable or as a reduction of proceeds received from equity transactions so that such costs are recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. If the completion of a contemplated financing was deemed to be no longer probable, the related deferred offering costs would be charged to general and administrative expense in the consolidated financial statements.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue under ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

 

 

Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer;

 

Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract;

 

Step 3: Determine the transaction price;

 

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

 

Step 5: Recognize revenue when the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

 

A majority of the Company’s revenues are generated from contracts with customers that require it to design, develop, manufacture, test and integrate complex equipment and to provide engineering and technical services according to customer specifications. These contracts are often priced on a time and material type basis. Revenues on time and material type contracts are generally recognized in each period based on the amount billable to the customer which is based on direct labor hours expended multiplied by the contractual fixed rate per hour, plus the actual costs of materials and other direct non-labor costs.

 

The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Contract assets are comprised of unbilled contract receivables related to revenues earned but not yet invoiced to customers.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, there was no revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods.

 

The Company generated revenue from government contracts that reimburse the Company for certain allowable costs for funded projects. For contracts with government agencies, when the Company has concluded that it is the principal in conducting the research and development expenses and where the funding arrangement is considered central to the Company’s ongoing operations, the Company classifies the recognized funding received as revenue. The Company has determined that revenue generated from government grants is outside the scope of ASC 606 and, as a result, the Company recognizes revenue upon incurring qualifying, reimbursable expenses. No grant revenue was recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period during which services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. Upon the exercise of an award, the Company issues new shares of common stock out of its authorized shares.

 

The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining term consistent with the expected term of the instrument being valued. Option forfeitures are accounted for at the time of occurrence. The expected term used is the estimated period of time that warrants or options are expected to be outstanding. The Company utilizes the “simplified” method to develop an estimate of the expected term of “plain vanilla” employee options. For investor warrants and non-employee options, the expected term used is the contractual life of the instrument being valued. The Company uses its trading history to support its historical volatility calculations.

 

Net (Loss) Income per share of Common Stock

 

Basic net (loss) income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of vested shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common and dilutive common-equivalent shares outstanding during each period.

 

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of weighted average dilutive shares of common stock because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

 

  

As of June 30,

 
  

2023

  

2022

 

Warrants

  245,696   245,696 

Options

  2,844,496   2,048,246 

Total

  3,090,192   2,293,942 

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of items that have been included or excluded in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts (“temporary differences”) at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets for all periods, due to the uncertainty of future utilization.

 

The Company utilizes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Management has evaluated and concluded that there were no material uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s financial statements as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company does not expect any significant changes in its unrecognized tax benefits within twelve months of the reporting date. The Company’s policy is to classify assessments, if any, for tax related interest as interest expense and penalties as selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, current economic and industry conditions and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. This forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe that full consideration has been given to all relevant circumstances that we may be subject to, and the consolidated financial statements accurately reflect our best estimate of the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented.

 

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments for all assets and liabilities, including those related to the fair value of stock options for determination of the stock-based compensation expense. The amount of stock based compensation has been a significant expense over the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. The assumptions that go into the Black-Scholes calculation are the major driver of the calculation of the fair value of the stock options at the date of grant. The major assumption of volatility is based upon historical data, and the majority of the other assumptions used in the Black Scholes computation is based upon the terms of the specific stock option grant.

 

Revenues and cost of sales are important metrics in demonstrating the completion of projects and shipment of products to customers, and the profitability of such revenues. Accordingly, revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy. The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Contract assets are comprised of unbilled contract receivables related to revenues earned but not yet invoiced to customers. We review the status of each project at each period end and determine whether the earnings process is complete and the revenue and costs of sales should be recognized.

 

Leases

 

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) established Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, “Leases”, by issuing Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, which requires lessees to now recognize operating leases on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASC Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. Lessor accounting under the new standard is substantially unchanged. Additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures are also required. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition method, which applies the provisions of the standard at the effective date without adjusting the comparative periods presented. The Company adopted the following practical expedients and accounting policies elections related to this standard:

 

 

Short-term lease accounting policy election allowing lessees to not recognize ROU assets and liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less;

 

The option to not separate lease and non-lease components in the Company’s lease contracts; and

 

The package of practical expedients applied to all of its leases, including (i) not reassessing whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (ii) not reassessing the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (iii) not reassessing the capitalization of initial direct costs for any existing leases.

 

Adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities of approximately $681,000 on the consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2022. Disclosures related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases are included in Note 9, Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability.

 

Convertible Promissory Notes - Related Party

 

The Company accounts for convertible Promissory notes issued in 2022 under ASC 815. The Company has made the election under 815-15-25 to account for the Promissory Notes under the fair value option. Using the fair value option, the convertible Promissory Notes are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet thereafter. Differences between the face value of the Promissory Note and fair value at issuance are recognized as either an expense in the statement of operations (if issued at a premium) or as a capital contribution (if issued at a discount). Changes in the estimated fair value of the Promissory Notes are recognized as non-cash gains or losses in the statement of operations.

 

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards

 

In August of 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)”. ASU 2020-06 simplifies the process of evaluating certain financial instruments with both equity and debt characteristics. This update limits the number of models needed when evaluating embedded features of a debt instrument in order to improve transparency for the users of the financial statements. The Company has elected early adoption of this standard on January 1, 2022. Adoption of this standard allows the Company to measure the derivative liability at fair market value.

 

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses”. This update requires immediate recognition of management’s estimates of current expected credit losses (“CECL”). Under the prior model, losses were recognized only as they were incurred. The new model is applicable to all financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for public entities qualifying as small reporting companies. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements and do not anticipate a significant impact.

 

v3.23.2
Note 3 - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Table Text Block]

Note 3 - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

 

Prepaid expenses consisted of the following:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Insurance

  $ 25,480     $ 17,879  

Tooling

  $ 60,442       44,765  

Other

  $ 27,667       5,560  

Retainers

  $ 3,000        

Total

  $ 116,589     $ 68,204  

 

Tooling consists of engineering designs and build for packaging semiconductors for samples. Samples shipped during the first quarter of 2023. This total amount is being amortized over 2 years, coinciding with the first shipment of samples.

 

v3.23.2
Note 4 - Property and Equipment
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 4 Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment consisted of the following:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Computer and office equipment

  $ 2,807     $ 2,807  

Lab equipment

  $ 15,606       15,606  

Furniture

  $ 53,420       53,420  

Leasehold improvements

  $ 709,646       709,646  

Machinery

  $ 668,889       668,889  

Subtotal

    1,450,368       1,450,368  

Accumulated Depreciation

    (559,407 )     (461,122 )
                 

Property and Equipment, net

  $ 890,961     $ 989,246  

 

Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was approximately $51,000 and $42,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 

v3.23.2
Note 5 - Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 5 - Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Accounts Payable

  $ 58,938     $ 42,182  

Credit Cards Payable

  $ 41,726       39,936  

Accrued Bonus

  $ 64,086       112,500  

Accrued Payroll

  $ 41,935       50,355  

Other Accrued Expenses

  $ 167,751       137,932  

Total

  $ 374,436     $ 382,905  

 

Accrued Interest is now included in Note 13 – Convertible Bridge Note as a long-term liability.

 

v3.23.2
Note 6 - Stockholders' Equity
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Equity [Text Block]

Note 6 Stockholders Equity

 

Authorized Capital

 

The Company is authorized to issue 45,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share. The holders of the Company’s common stock are entitled to one vote per share. No preferred shares have been issued as of the date hereof.

 

Common Stock Transactions

 

In March 2021, the Company sold 1,251,625 shares of common stock at $4.00 per share for gross proceeds of $5,006,500 in connection with a private placement of securities. The costs associated with such issuance were $407,445 in cash and warrants to purchase 89,730 shares of Common Stock of the Company with a term of 5 years and an exercise price of $4.00 per share. An aggregate of $480,000 of proceeds were raised from related parties (including an aggregate of $430,000 from officers and directors of the Company), representing approximately 10% of the total gross proceeds.

 

2022 Private Placement

 

On August 8, 2022 and December 23, 2022, the Company issued secured convertible promissory notes in the amounts of $1,250,000 and $2,350,000, respectively, to the Nina and John Edmunds 1998 Family Trust dated January 27, 1998, of which the Company’s Chairman, John Edmunds, is the trustee. The two promissory notes were issued as part of the same private placement. The outstanding principal balance and accrued interest on the promissory notes is convertible at the option of the note holder prior to their maturity. If conversion occurs at a qualified financing event, the two promissory notes will have a 15% and 20% discount on the offering price, respectively. Refer to Note 13 for details.

 

v3.23.2
Note 7 - Equity Compensation Plan
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]

Note 7 Equity Compensation Plan

 

On June 18, 2019, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved the 2019 Equity Compensation Plan (the “2019 Plan”). The 2019 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, rights to purchase common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock, performance shares and performance units to employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its affiliates. The 2019 Plan requires the exercise price of stock options to be not less than the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, or 110% of fair value in the case of incentive options granted to a ten-percent stockholder.

 

On March 11, 2020, the Company granted the following ten-year options to purchase shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share to the Company’s then newly appointed Executive Chairman and Acting Chief Executive Officer under the 2019 Plan: (i) an option to purchase 965,850 shares of common stock that vests ratably on a monthly basis over two years and (ii) an option to purchase 321,950 shares of common stock that vests based on performance criteria to be mutually agreed to by the Board and the executive. The grant was reduced to 500,000 options, including 375,000 options and 125,000 options respectively under the two categories, due to limitations under the 2019 Plan. The terms of the 125,000 performance-based options were established in the quarter ended December 31, 2020. The terms of the performance-based options were met during the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

 

On May 26, 2020, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to the 2019 Plan to (i) increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2019 Plan by 1,174,000 shares, such that a total of 2,500,000 shares of common stock were then authorized for issuance under the 2019 Plan; (ii) increase the maximum aggregate number of shares, options and/or other awards that may be granted to any one person during any calendar year from 500,000 to 1,300,000; and (iii) clarify the availability of cashless exercise as a form of consideration.

 

On July 16, 2020, the Company granted the following ten year options to purchase shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share to the Company’s then Executive Chairman and Acting Chief Executive Officer under the 2019 Plan: (i) an option to purchase 600,000 shares of common stock that vests ratably on a monthly basis over one year and (ii) an option to purchase 200,000 shares of common stock that vests based on specified performance criteria.

 

On September 16, 2020, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to the 2019 Plan to further increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2019 Plan from 2,500,000 shares to 4,600,000 shares.

 

From June 1 to June 22, 2021, the Company granted five and ten-year options to purchase 388,246 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.90 to $3.93 per share to employees, an advisory board member and board members under the 2019 Plan that vest over two to five years.

 

On September 22, 2021, upon the resignation of our then Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, a total of 1,911,160 unvested options that he previously received were forfeited as of such date. On such date, the Company also provided the acceleration of 25,000 unvested stock options previously issued which were to vest as of September 25, 2021. The impact of the modification of the stock option was not material.

 

On December 30, 2021, the Company granted five and ten-year options to purchase 445,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.77 per share to employees, an advisory board member and board members under the 2019 Plan that vest over one to four years.

 

On February 9, 2022, subject to the shareholders’ approval, the Board of Directors approved that the aggregate number of shares authorized for issuance as awards under the 2019 Plan shall be 4,600,000 shares plus an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year for the rest of the term of the Plan in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company on the last day of the immediately preceding year or (iii) an amount determined by the Board of Directors.

 

On April 26, 2022, the Company granted to Mr. Davidson an option to purchase 650,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $1.66 per share. The option will vest at the rate of 25% per year on the anniversary date from the first day of his employment starting from April 1, 2023. The option will be subject to acceleration in vesting in connection with the occurrence of a change of control event during the term of Mr. Davidson’s employment.

 

On November 4, 2022 the Company granted to Laura Krauss an option to purchase 75,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $0.85 per share. The option will vest over a period of four years in equal annual installments from November 2023.

 

On January 26, 2023 the Company granted five-year options to purchase 862,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.96 per share to employees and an independent contractor under the 2019 Plan that vest over four years. Included in this issuance were 142,500 options granted to the CEO as payment for his 2022 performance bonus.

 

On June 30, 2023, 71,250 shares were forfeited due to an employee and an independent contractor leaving the Company.

 

The stock option activity from January 1, 2022 through  June 30, 2023 is as follows:

 

      

Weighted-

  

Weighted-

 
      

Average

  

Average

 
      

Exercise

  

Remaining

 
      

Price per

  

Contractual

 
  

Shares

  

share

  

Life (years)

 
             

Balance, January 1, 2022

  1,398,246   2.20   6.3 

Options granted

  725,000   1.58   9.4 

Options expired or forfeited

  (25,000)  1.50    

Balance, December 31, 2022

  2,098,246   1.98   6.1 

Options granted

  817,500   0.96   4.8 

Options expired or forfeited

  (71,250)  1.09    

Balance, June 30, 2023

  2,844,496   1.72   7.8 

Vested shares at June 30, 2023

  1,187,748   1.91   7.7 

 

The following table summarizes the outstanding options at June 30, 2023 by exercise price:

 

Exercise price

  

Outstanding options

  

Exercisable options

 
           
$0.85   75,000    
$0.96   757,500   35,625 
$1.50   540,000   540,000 
$1.66   650,000   162,500 
$1.77   433,750   182,500 
$2.90   70,246   35,123 
$3.55   50,000   20,000 
$3.93   268,000   212,000 
     2,844,496   1,187,748 

 

At June 30, 2023, the Company had 1,368,629 shares of common stock available to grant under the 2019 Plan.

 

The Company has estimated the fair value of all stock option awards as of the date of grant by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model, the Company used the following weighted average assumptions for issuances during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

 

  

2023

  

2022

 

Risk-free interest rate

  3.80%  2.77%

Expected term (years)

  5.0   7.0 

Expected volatility

  110.9%  100.4%

Expected dividends

  0   0 

Grant date fair value of common stock (share)

 $0.77  $1.38 

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options of approximately $383,000, of which approximately $104,000 was recorded as part of research and development expenses and $276,000 was included within general and administrative expenses and $3,000 of which was included within cost of revenues on the consolidated statements of operations.

 

As of June 30, 2023, there was unamortized stock-based compensation of approximately $772,000 which the Company expects to recognize over approximately 3.5 years. As of June 30, 2023, the intrinsic value of outstanding and vested stock options was nil.

 

v3.23.2
Note 8 - Commitments and Contingencies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 8 - Commitments and Contingencies

 

Litigations, Claims, and Assessments

 

From time to time, the Company is involved in various disputes, claims, liens and litigation matters arising out of the normal course of business which could result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s combined financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated. As of June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Company had no outstanding claims or litigation and had no liabilities recorded for loss contingencies.

 

Employment Agreement

 

On April 7, 2022, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Mark Davidson as Chief Executive Officer of the Company effective as of April 18, 2022. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company agreed to pay Mr. Davidson an annual base salary of $300,000, and an annual target bonus for 2022 of up to $150,000 that will be prorated for nine (9) months (i.e. $112,500) based on his achievements of performance goals to be finalized and approved by the Board within the first two months of his employment. Such annual bonus will be paid in stock compensation until such time that the Company has sufficient cash flow. On January 26, 2023, the Company issued 142,500 stock options to Mr. Davidson as payment for his 2022 performance bonus. His eligibility for future bonuses will be determined by the Board in accordance with the Company’s future bonus plans and programs. In addition, the Company agreed to grant to Mr. Davidson an option to purchase 650,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $1.66 per share, which will vest starting from April 26, 2023, in four annual equal installments. The option will be subject to acceleration in vesting in connection with the occurrence of a change of control event during the term of Mr. Davidson’s employment.

 

On September 2, 2022, the Company entered into a letter agreement with Laura Krauss as Controller of the Company effective September 19, 2022. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company agreed to pay Ms. Krauss an annual base salary of $120,000. The Company has also agreed to pay Ms. Krauss a one-time signing bonus in the amount of $4,500, to be paid within 7 days of her start date, and a retention bonus of $4,500, to be paid after six months of employment. In the event of Company closure, the Company will reserve three months’ salary as severance to be available providing Ms. Krauss remains in good standing with the Company. In addition, the Company agreed to grant Ms. Krauss an option to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock of the Company at $0.85 per share, which will vest starting from November 15, 2023, in four annual equal installments. The option will be subject to acceleration in vesting in connection with the occurrence of a change of control event during the term of Ms. Krauss’ employment. Effective November 4, 2022, Ms. Krauss was appointed Chief Accounting Officer. The Company did not enter into a new agreement with Ms. Krauss.

 

v3.23.2
Note 9 - Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Lessee, Operating Leases [Text Block]

Note 9 Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability

 

The assets and liabilities from operating leases are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term using the Company’s incremental borrowing rates or implicit rates, when readily determinable. Short-term leases, which have an initial term of 12 months or less, are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate that can readily be determined. Therefore, the Company uses a discount rate based on its estimated incremental commercial borrowing rate.

 

Operating Lease

 

On August 21, 2019, the Company entered into a lease for a 10,000 square foot facility consisting of lab and office space. The lease requires monthly payments of $16,667 and expires on November 30, 2025. The Company has arranged for a $100,000 letter of credit in favor of the landlord in lieu of a security deposit, which is included as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022.

 

The following table presents information about the amount and timing of liabilities arising from the Company’s operating and finance leases as of June 30, 2023:

 

  

Operating Lease

 

Maturity of Lease Liabilities

 

Liabilities

 
     

2023

  100,000 

2024

  200,000 

2025

  183,337 

Total undiscounted operating lease payments

 $483,337 

Less: Imputed interest

  34,741 

Present value of operating lease liabilities

 $448,596 

Short-term portion

  177,144 

Long term portion

 $271,452 
     

Remaining lease term in years

  2.67 

Discount rate

  6.50%

 

The Company incurred lease expense for its operating lease of approximately $100,000 and $100,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 

The Right of Use Asset at June 30, 2023 of $448,596 is being amortized over the lease term.

 

v3.23.2
Note 10 - Concentrations
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Concentration Risk Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 10 Concentrations

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, revenues were generated primarily from two customers. On  June 30, 2023, all deferred revenues are attributable to two customer contracts.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, revenues were generated primarily from two customers. On June 30, 2022, all deferred revenues are attributable to one customer contract.

 

v3.23.2
Note 11 - Government Loans
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Government Assistance [Text Block]

Note 11 Government Loans

 

Paycheck Protection Program Loans

 

On May 1, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds in the amount of approximately $211,000 under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). The PPP, established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, as amended (“CARES Act”), provides for loans to qualifying businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times of the average monthly payroll expenses of such qualifying business. The loans and accrued interest are forgivable after certain time periods further defined in the CARES Act (the “Covered Period”) as long as the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll, benefits, rent and utilities, and maintains its payroll levels. The amount of loan forgiveness will be reduced if the borrower terminates employees or reduces salaries during the Covered Period. The outstanding balance was included in long-term loans payable at December 31, 2021. On March 6, 2021, the entire loan balance was forgiven.

 

On February 24, 2021, the Company received $193,625 pursuant to a promissory note issued under the Paycheck Protection Program Part 2 (“PPP2”). Interest was to accrue at 1% per annum and the note is payable in 60 monthly installments of $3,300 commencing May 2022; however, on November 15, 2021, the entire loan balance was forgiven.

 

Economic Injury Disaster Loan Advance

 

On May 1, 2020, the Company received an advance in the amount of $10,000 from the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) under the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (“EIDL”) program administered by the SBA, which program was expanded pursuant to the CARES Act. Such advance amount will reduce the Company’s PPP loan forgiveness amount described above. The Company received an additional $138,900 under this program on August 30, 2020. The loan is payable in monthly payments of $678 including interest at 3.75% payable over 30 years. Payments began one year after receipt of funds and were first applied to the accrued interest.

 

Tomkins County Area Development Loan

 

On May 27, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds in the amount of $50,000 from the Tomkins County Area Development (“TCAD”) Emergency Relief Loan Fund. The loan matures after four years and bears interest in the amount of 2.5% per annum, with one year of no interest or principal payments, followed by three years of monthly payments of principal and interest in the amount of $1,443 per month. The loan is collateralized by certain assets of the Company.

 

Equipment Loans

 

On August 20, 2020, the Company received a loan of $100,000 from Broome County Industrial Development Agency (5 year facility, 2.5% annual interest rate, monthly payment of $1,775); on September 1, 2020, the Company received a loan of $100,000 from Southern Tier Region Economic Development Corporation (5 year facility, 5.0% annual interest rate, monthly payment of $2,072); and on September 10, 2020, the Company received a loan of $75,000 from TCAD (5 year facility, 2.5% annual interest rate, monthly payment of $1,331). These loans were used to acquire equipment used in the laboratory, and are secured by the underlying assets of the Company.

 

The loans are summarized as follows:

 

   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Principal outstanding

  $ 302,233     $ 339,737  

Deferred loan costs, net of amortization

    (2,128 )     (2,584 )

Subtotal

    300,105       337,153  

Less current portion

    (75,248 )     (72,424 )
                 

Total long term portion

  $ 224,857     $ 264,729  

 

Interest expense on the above debt instruments was approximately $3,000 and $4,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 

v3.23.2
Note 12 - Revision of Stock Compensation Expense
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Error Correction [Text Block]

Note 12 Revision of stock compensation expense

 

During the second quarter of 2022, the Company identified certain adjustments required to correct balances within stock-based compensation, which is included in operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, related to employees, directors and consultants (see Note 7 – Equity Compensation Plan) recorded during the three-month periods from June 2021 to March 2022. The Company had incorrectly calculated the amortization of the stock-based compensation for the periods from June 2021 to March 2022. The error discovered resulted in an understatement of the stock-based compensation expense for the period of March 2022 summarized as follows:

 

   

As previously

                 
   

reported

   

adjustment

   

As if restated

 
                         

Three months ended 3/31/2022

                       
                         

Gross profit (loss)

    (1,061 )     (1,507 )     (2,568 )

Operating expenses

    1,127,111       98,961       1,226,072  

Operating loss

    (1,128,172 )     100,468       (1,027,704 )

Net loss

    (1,129,975 )     (100,468 )     (1,230,443 )
                         

Additional paid in capital

    9,924,394       262,523       10,186,917  

Accumulated Deficit

    (7,788,128 )     (262,523 )     (8,050,651 )

 

Based upon an analysis of Accounting Standards Codification 250 “accounting Changes and Error Corrections (ASC 250), U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, “Materiality” and SAB No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”), the Company determined this error was immaterial to the previously-issued condensed consolidated financial statements, and as such no restatement was necessary. Correcting prior-period financial statements for such immaterial misstatements does not require previously filed reports to be amended. Accordingly, the misstatement was corrected in the period ended June 30, 2022.

 

For the year ended  December 31, 2022, correction of this error increased our stock-based compensation expense, total operating expenses by $262,523.

 

v3.23.2
Note 13 - Convertible Bridge Notes - Related Party
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 13 Convertible Promissory Notes Related Party

 

The Company issued two secured convertible promissory notes on August 8, 2022 (“Promissory Note I”) and December 23, 2022 (“Promissory Note II”) in the amounts of $1,250,000 and $2,350,000, respectively, (collectively, the “Promissory Notes”) to a trust of which the Company’s Chairman, John Edmunds, is the trustee, pursuant to certain subscription agreements. The Promissory Notes were issued as part of a private placement for sale up to $3,750,000 of secured convertible promissory notes.

 

On December 23, 2022, the Company entered into a modification agreement on Promissory Note I which extended its maturity date to June 30, 2025, consistent with the maturity date of Promissory Note II. There were no other significant modifications to the terms of Promissory Note I.

 

The Promissory Notes bear interest at a rate of ten percent (10%) per annum, on a non-compounding basis, and are due and payable on the earlier of (i) the date upon which the Promissory Notes are converted into equity securities of the Company, or (ii) at their maturity date on June 30, 2025. All interest due shall be paid in shares of the Company’s common stock, which shall be valued at a price equal to the average of the last 20 trading days’ closing price of the Company’s common stock, commencing on the date immediately preceding the date of conversion for purposes of the interest computation. The Promissory Notes may be convertible anytime at the discretion of the holder into shares of common stock of the Company at a price equal to the average of the last 20 trading days’ closing price, or automatically converted upon the listing of the Company’s common stock on a National Securities Exchange or the closing of a public offering of the Company’s common stock with aggregate proceeds of at least $5 million at a 15% and a 20% discount to the per share public offering price for Promissory Note I and Promissory Note II, respectively. The Promissory Notes also contain a change of ownership clause. In the event a Corporate Transaction (as defined in the subscription agreements) occurs prior to the conversion or repayment of the Promissory Note I and II, at the closing of the Corporate Transaction (in lieu of conversion) the Company shall redeem Promissory Note I and Note II at a price equal to 200% of the principal amount (in full satisfaction of principal and interest due). Accrued interest on the above debt instruments was approximately $230,000 as of June 30, 2023 and $52,000 as of December 31, 2022.

 

The Company accounts for convertible Promissory Notes under ASC 815. The Company has made the election under 815-15-25 to account for the Promissory Notes under the fair value option. Using the fair value option, the Promissory Notes are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet thereafter. Differences between the face value of the Promissory Notes and fair value at issuance are recognized as either an expense in the statement of operations (if issued at a premium) or as a capital contribution (if issued at a discount). Changes in the estimated fair value of the Promissory Notes are recognized as non-cash gains or losses in the statement of operations.

 

The related party convertible Promissory Notes were valued using the Probability-Weighted Expected Returns Method (PWERM), which is considered to be a Level 3 fair value measurement. The inputs used to determine fair market value of the notes are the following:

 

  

December 31, 2022

  

June 30, 2023

 

Market Rate

  12.41%  16.41%

Probability of Maturity

  10.0%  5.0%

Maturity Date

 

June 30, 2025

  

June 30, 2025

 

Probability of Qualified Financing Event

  85%  85%

Qualified Financing Event Date

 

June 30, 2023

  

June 30, 2024

 

Probability of Corporate Transaction

  5.0%  10.0%

Corporate Transaction Event Date

 

June 30, 2023

  

September 30, 2023

 

 

These assumptions are based on the judgment and experience of management and based on conversations with investment banks and interested investors.

 

The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Company’s convertible Promissory Notes:

 

Face value at December 31, 2022

 $3,600,000 

Change in fair value

  842,000 

Fair value at December 31, 2022

  4,442,000 

Change in fair value

  193,000 

Fair value at March 31, 2023

  4,635,000 

Change in fair value

  189,000 

Fair value at June 30, 2023

 $4,824,000 

 

v3.23.2
Note 14 - Fair Value Measurements
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

Note 14 – Fair Value Measurements

 

As of June 30, 2023, the convertible Promissory Notes are the only liabilities measured at fair value. The Promissory Notes are classified as level 3 financial instruments.

 

The Company applies ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), which establishes a framework for measuring fair value and clarifies the definition of fair value within that framework. ASC 820 defines fair value as an exit price, which is the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the Company’s principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820 generally requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs reflect the entity’s own assumptions based on market data and the entity’s judgments about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are to be developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

 

Level 1 — Assets and liabilities with unadjusted, quoted prices listed on active market exchanges. Inputs to the fair value measurement are observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2 — Inputs to the fair value measurement are determined using prices for recently traded assets and liabilities with similar underlying terms, as well as direct or indirect observable inputs, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

 

Level 3 — Inputs to the fair value measurement are unobservable inputs, such as estimates, assumptions, and valuation techniques when little or no market data exists for the assets or liabilities.

 

v3.23.2
Note 15 - Subsequent Events
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements  
Subsequent Events [Text Block]

Note 15 - Subsequent Events

 

The Company has evaluated events that have occurred after the balance sheet and through August 7, 2023. Based upon the evaluation, the Company did not identify any recognized or non-recognized subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.

 

v3.23.2
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) which are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of  June 30, 2023 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year ending  December 31, 2023 or any other period. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related disclosures as of  December 31, 2022 and for the year then ended which have been previously filed.

 

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

 

Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the amounts disclosed in the related notes to the financial statements. The Company’s significant estimates used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, fair value calculations for equity securities, stock-based compensation, the collectability of receivables, the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets, and the valuation allowance related to the Company’s deferred tax assets. Certain of the Company’s estimates could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to the Company and general economic conditions. It is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on the Company’s estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents in the financial statements. As of  June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no cash equivalents. The Company has cash on deposits in several financial institutions which, at times, may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts and periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of its financial institutions. The Company reduces its credit risk by placing its cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Restricted Cash

 

Restricted cash was comprised of cash held as a security deposit in connection with the Company’s operating lease. See Note 9 – Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability for additional details.

 

Deferred Charges, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Deferred Expenses

 

Deferred expenses consist of labor, materials and other costs that are attributable to customer contracts that the Company has not completed its performance obligation under the contract and, as a result, has not recognized revenue. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, deferred expenses were approximately $37,000 and $0, respectively.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives once the asset is placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the economic useful life of the related assets, are charged to operations as incurred, and expenditures which extend the economic life are capitalized. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the remaining term of their respective lease. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the costs and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on disposal is recognized in the statement of operations for the respective period.

 

The Company’s long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount.

 

The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are as follows:

 

Schedule of estimated useful lives of property and equipment

Asset

Useful lives (years)

Computer and office equipment

5

Lab equipment

5

Leasehold improvements

shorter of useful life or lease term

Machinery

7 - 15

Furniture

7

 

Offering Costs [Policy Text Block]

Offering Costs

 

Deferred offering costs, which primarily consist of direct, incremental professional fees incurred in connection with a debt or equity financing, are capitalized as non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Once the financing closes, the Company reclassifies such costs as either discounts to notes payable or as a reduction of proceeds received from equity transactions so that such costs are recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. If the completion of a contemplated financing was deemed to be no longer probable, the related deferred offering costs would be charged to general and administrative expense in the consolidated financial statements.

 

Revenue [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue under ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

 

 

Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer;

 

Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract;

 

Step 3: Determine the transaction price;

 

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

 

Step 5: Recognize revenue when the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

 

A majority of the Company’s revenues are generated from contracts with customers that require it to design, develop, manufacture, test and integrate complex equipment and to provide engineering and technical services according to customer specifications. These contracts are often priced on a time and material type basis. Revenues on time and material type contracts are generally recognized in each period based on the amount billable to the customer which is based on direct labor hours expended multiplied by the contractual fixed rate per hour, plus the actual costs of materials and other direct non-labor costs.

 

The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Contract assets are comprised of unbilled contract receivables related to revenues earned but not yet invoiced to customers.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, there was no revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods.

 

The Company generated revenue from government contracts that reimburse the Company for certain allowable costs for funded projects. For contracts with government agencies, when the Company has concluded that it is the principal in conducting the research and development expenses and where the funding arrangement is considered central to the Company’s ongoing operations, the Company classifies the recognized funding received as revenue. The Company has determined that revenue generated from government grants is outside the scope of ASC 606 and, as a result, the Company recognizes revenue upon incurring qualifying, reimbursable expenses. No grant revenue was recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.

 

Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.

 

Compensation Related Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period during which services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. Upon the exercise of an award, the Company issues new shares of common stock out of its authorized shares.

 

The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining term consistent with the expected term of the instrument being valued. Option forfeitures are accounted for at the time of occurrence. The expected term used is the estimated period of time that warrants or options are expected to be outstanding. The Company utilizes the “simplified” method to develop an estimate of the expected term of “plain vanilla” employee options. For investor warrants and non-employee options, the expected term used is the contractual life of the instrument being valued. The Company uses its trading history to support its historical volatility calculations.

 

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Net (Loss) Income per share of Common Stock

 

Basic net (loss) income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of vested shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common and dilutive common-equivalent shares outstanding during each period.

 

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of weighted average dilutive shares of common stock because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

 

  

As of June 30,

 
  

2023

  

2022

 

Warrants

  245,696   245,696 

Options

  2,844,496   2,048,246 

Total

  3,090,192   2,293,942 

 

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

 

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of items that have been included or excluded in the financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts (“temporary differences”) at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets for all periods, due to the uncertainty of future utilization.

 

The Company utilizes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Management has evaluated and concluded that there were no material uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s financial statements as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company does not expect any significant changes in its unrecognized tax benefits within twelve months of the reporting date. The Company’s policy is to classify assessments, if any, for tax related interest as interest expense and penalties as selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Critical Accounting Policies [Policy Text Block]

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, current economic and industry conditions and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. This forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe that full consideration has been given to all relevant circumstances that we may be subject to, and the consolidated financial statements accurately reflect our best estimate of the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented.

 

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments for all assets and liabilities, including those related to the fair value of stock options for determination of the stock-based compensation expense. The amount of stock based compensation has been a significant expense over the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. The assumptions that go into the Black-Scholes calculation are the major driver of the calculation of the fair value of the stock options at the date of grant. The major assumption of volatility is based upon historical data, and the majority of the other assumptions used in the Black Scholes computation is based upon the terms of the specific stock option grant.

 

Revenues and cost of sales are important metrics in demonstrating the completion of projects and shipment of products to customers, and the profitability of such revenues. Accordingly, revenue recognition is a critical accounting policy. The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Contract assets are comprised of unbilled contract receivables related to revenues earned but not yet invoiced to customers. We review the status of each project at each period end and determine whether the earnings process is complete and the revenue and costs of sales should be recognized.

 

Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]

Leases

 

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) established Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, “Leases”, by issuing Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, which requires lessees to now recognize operating leases on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASC Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. Lessor accounting under the new standard is substantially unchanged. Additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures are also required. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition method, which applies the provisions of the standard at the effective date without adjusting the comparative periods presented. The Company adopted the following practical expedients and accounting policies elections related to this standard:

 

 

Short-term lease accounting policy election allowing lessees to not recognize ROU assets and liabilities for leases with a term of 12 months or less;

 

The option to not separate lease and non-lease components in the Company’s lease contracts; and

 

The package of practical expedients applied to all of its leases, including (i) not reassessing whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (ii) not reassessing the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (iii) not reassessing the capitalization of initial direct costs for any existing leases.

 

Adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities of approximately $681,000 on the consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2022. Disclosures related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases are included in Note 9, Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability.

 

Debt, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Convertible Promissory Notes - Related Party

 

The Company accounts for convertible Promissory notes issued in 2022 under ASC 815. The Company has made the election under 815-15-25 to account for the Promissory Notes under the fair value option. Using the fair value option, the convertible Promissory Notes are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet thereafter. Differences between the face value of the Promissory Note and fair value at issuance are recognized as either an expense in the statement of operations (if issued at a premium) or as a capital contribution (if issued at a discount). Changes in the estimated fair value of the Promissory Notes are recognized as non-cash gains or losses in the statement of operations.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards

 

In August of 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)”. ASU 2020-06 simplifies the process of evaluating certain financial instruments with both equity and debt characteristics. This update limits the number of models needed when evaluating embedded features of a debt instrument in order to improve transparency for the users of the financial statements. The Company has elected early adoption of this standard on January 1, 2022. Adoption of this standard allows the Company to measure the derivative liability at fair market value.

 

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses”. This update requires immediate recognition of management’s estimates of current expected credit losses (“CECL”). Under the prior model, losses were recognized only as they were incurred. The new model is applicable to all financial instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for public entities qualifying as small reporting companies. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements and do not anticipate a significant impact.

 

v3.23.2
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Schedule of Estimated Useful Life of Property, Plant, and Equipment [Table Text Block]

Schedule of estimated useful lives of property and equipment

Asset

Useful lives (years)

Computer and office equipment

5

Lab equipment

5

Leasehold improvements

shorter of useful life or lease term

Machinery

7 - 15

Furniture

7
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table Text Block]
  

As of June 30,

 
  

2023

  

2022

 

Warrants

  245,696   245,696 

Options

  2,844,496   2,048,246 

Total

  3,090,192   2,293,942 
v3.23.2
Note 3 - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Schedule of Other Current Assets [Table Text Block]
   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Insurance

  $ 25,480     $ 17,879  

Tooling

  $ 60,442       44,765  

Other

  $ 27,667       5,560  

Retainers

  $ 3,000        

Total

  $ 116,589     $ 68,204  
v3.23.2
Note 4 - Property and Equipment (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]
   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Computer and office equipment

  $ 2,807     $ 2,807  

Lab equipment

  $ 15,606       15,606  

Furniture

  $ 53,420       53,420  

Leasehold improvements

  $ 709,646       709,646  

Machinery

  $ 668,889       668,889  

Subtotal

    1,450,368       1,450,368  

Accumulated Depreciation

    (559,407 )     (461,122 )
                 

Property and Equipment, net

  $ 890,961     $ 989,246  
v3.23.2
Note 5 - Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Schedule of Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]
   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Accounts Payable

  $ 58,938     $ 42,182  

Credit Cards Payable

  $ 41,726       39,936  

Accrued Bonus

  $ 64,086       112,500  

Accrued Payroll

  $ 41,935       50,355  

Other Accrued Expenses

  $ 167,751       137,932  

Total

  $ 374,436     $ 382,905  
v3.23.2
Note 7 - Equity Compensation Plan (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]
      

Weighted-

  

Weighted-

 
      

Average

  

Average

 
      

Exercise

  

Remaining

 
      

Price per

  

Contractual

 
  

Shares

  

share

  

Life (years)

 
             

Balance, January 1, 2022

  1,398,246   2.20   6.3 

Options granted

  725,000   1.58   9.4 

Options expired or forfeited

  (25,000)  1.50    

Balance, December 31, 2022

  2,098,246   1.98   6.1 

Options granted

  817,500   0.96   4.8 

Options expired or forfeited

  (71,250)  1.09    

Balance, June 30, 2023

  2,844,496   1.72   7.8 

Vested shares at June 30, 2023

  1,187,748   1.91   7.7 
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option, Exercise Price Range [Table Text Block]

Exercise price

  

Outstanding options

  

Exercisable options

 
           
$0.85   75,000    
$0.96   757,500   35,625 
$1.50   540,000   540,000 
$1.66   650,000   162,500 
$1.77   433,750   182,500 
$2.90   70,246   35,123 
$3.55   50,000   20,000 
$3.93   268,000   212,000 
     2,844,496   1,187,748 
Schedule of Share-Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]
  

2023

  

2022

 

Risk-free interest rate

  3.80%  2.77%

Expected term (years)

  5.0   7.0 

Expected volatility

  110.9%  100.4%

Expected dividends

  0   0 

Grant date fair value of common stock (share)

 $0.77  $1.38 
v3.23.2
Note 9 - Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Maturity [Table Text Block]
  

Operating Lease

 

Maturity of Lease Liabilities

 

Liabilities

 
     

2023

  100,000 

2024

  200,000 

2025

  183,337 

Total undiscounted operating lease payments

 $483,337 

Less: Imputed interest

  34,741 

Present value of operating lease liabilities

 $448,596 

Short-term portion

  177,144 

Long term portion

 $271,452 
     

Remaining lease term in years

  2.67 

Discount rate

  6.50%
v3.23.2
Note 11 - Government Loans (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Schedule of Debt [Table Text Block]
   

June 30, 2023

   

December 31, 2022

 
                 

Principal outstanding

  $ 302,233     $ 339,737  

Deferred loan costs, net of amortization

    (2,128 )     (2,584 )

Subtotal

    300,105       337,153  

Less current portion

    (75,248 )     (72,424 )
                 

Total long term portion

  $ 224,857     $ 264,729  
v3.23.2
Note 12 - Revision of Stock Compensation Expense (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Schedule of Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments [Table Text Block]
   

As previously

                 
   

reported

   

adjustment

   

As if restated

 
                         

Three months ended 3/31/2022

                       
                         

Gross profit (loss)

    (1,061 )     (1,507 )     (2,568 )

Operating expenses

    1,127,111       98,961       1,226,072  

Operating loss

    (1,128,172 )     100,468       (1,027,704 )

Net loss

    (1,129,975 )     (100,468 )     (1,230,443 )
                         

Additional paid in capital

    9,924,394       262,523       10,186,917  

Accumulated Deficit

    (7,788,128 )     (262,523 )     (8,050,651 )
v3.23.2
Note 13 - Convertible Bridge Notes - Related Party (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Notes Tables  
Convertible Debt [Table Text Block]

Face value at December 31, 2022

 $3,600,000 

Change in fair value

  842,000 

Fair value at December 31, 2022

  4,442,000 

Change in fair value

  193,000 

Fair value at March 31, 2023

  4,635,000 

Change in fair value

  189,000 

Fair value at June 30, 2023

 $4,824,000 
Convertible Debt [Member]  
Notes Tables  
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Table Text Block]
  

December 31, 2022

  

June 30, 2023

 

Market Rate

  12.41%  16.41%

Probability of Maturity

  10.0%  5.0%

Maturity Date

 

June 30, 2025

  

June 30, 2025

 

Probability of Qualified Financing Event

  85%  85%

Qualified Financing Event Date

 

June 30, 2023

  

June 30, 2024

 

Probability of Corporate Transaction

  5.0%  10.0%

Corporate Transaction Event Date

 

June 30, 2023

  

September 30, 2023

 
v3.23.2
Note 1 - Nature of Operations and Liquidity (Details Textual) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Mar. 31, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value $ 632,425       $ 632,425    
Working Capital 81,661       81,661    
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) (15,208,597)       (15,208,597)   $ (12,351,765)
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent $ (1,371,305) $ (1,485,527) $ (1,331,725) $ (1,129,975) $ (2,856,832) $ (2,461,700)  
v3.23.2
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Jan. 01, 2022
Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value $ 0   $ 0   $ 0  
Deferred Costs 37,000   37,000   0  
Contract with Customer, Liability, Revenue Recognized     0 $ 0    
Revenues 8,400 $ 20,581 36,900 50,519    
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset 448,596   448,596   $ 532,953  
Operating Lease, Liability $ 448,596   448,596      
Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 [Member]            
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset           $ 681,000
Operating Lease, Liability           $ 681,000
Grant [Member]            
Revenues     $ 0 $ 0    
v3.23.2
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Useful Lives of Property, Plant, and Equipment (Details)
Jun. 30, 2023
Office Equipment [Member]  
Useful life (Year) 5 years
Lab Equipment [Member]  
Useful life (Year) 5 years
Machinery and Equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]  
Useful life (Year) 7 years
Machinery and Equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]  
Useful life (Year) 15 years
Furniture and Fixtures [Member]  
Useful life (Year) 7 years
v3.23.2
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Antidilutive Securities (Details) - shares
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Antidilutive shares (in shares) 3,090,192 2,293,942
Warrant [Member]    
Antidilutive shares (in shares) 245,696 245,696
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]    
Antidilutive shares (in shares) 2,844,496 2,048,246
v3.23.2
Note 3 - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets - Schedule of Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Insurance $ 25,480 $ 17,879
Tooling 60,442 44,765
Other 27,667 5,560
Retainers 3,000 0
Total $ 116,589 $ 68,204
v3.23.2
Note 4 - Property and Equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Depreciation $ 51,000 $ 42,000
v3.23.2
Note 4 - Property and Equipment - Schedule of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Property and equipment, gross $ 1,450,368 $ 1,450,368
Accumulated Depreciation (559,407) (461,122)
Property and Equipment, net 890,961 989,246
Office Equipment [Member]    
Property and equipment, gross 2,807 2,807
Lab Equipment [Member]    
Property and equipment, gross 15,606 15,606
Furniture and Fixtures [Member]    
Property and equipment, gross 53,420 53,420
Leasehold Improvements [Member]    
Property and equipment, gross 709,646 709,646
Machinery and Equipment [Member]    
Property and equipment, gross $ 668,889 $ 668,889
v3.23.2
Note 5 - Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses - Schedule of Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts Payable $ 58,938 $ 42,182
Credit Cards Payable 41,726 39,936
Accrued Bonus 64,086 112,500
Accrued Payroll 41,935 50,355
Other Accrued Expenses 167,751 137,932
Total $ 374,436 $ 382,905
v3.23.2
Note 6 - Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual) - USD ($)
1 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 23, 2022
Aug. 08, 2022
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)   45,000,000 45,000,000    
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)   $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001    
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)   5,000,000 5,000,000    
Preferred Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)   $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001    
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued (in shares)   0 0    
Convertible Promissory Note [Member]          
Convertible Notes Payable       $ 2,350,000 $ 1,250,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Effective Percentage       20.00% 15.00%
Private Placement [Member]          
Proceeds from Warrant Exercises $ 407,445        
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights (in shares) 89,730        
Warrants and Rights Outstanding, Term (Year) 5 years        
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights (in dollars per share) $ 4.00        
Proceeds from Related Party Debt $ 480,000        
Private Placement [Member] | Related Party Proceeds [Member]          
Gross Proceeds Percentage 10.00%        
Private Placement [Member] | Officers and Directors [Member]          
Proceeds from Related Party Debt $ 430,000        
Private Placement [Member] | Common Stock [Member]          
Sale of Stock, Number of Shares Issued in Transaction (in shares) 1,251,625        
Share Price (in dollars per share) $ 4.00        
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity $ 5,006,500        
v3.23.2
Note 7 - Equity Compensation Plan (Details Textual) - USD ($)
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jan. 26, 2023
Nov. 04, 2022
Sep. 02, 2022
Apr. 26, 2022
Feb. 09, 2022
Dec. 30, 2021
Sep. 22, 2021
Jul. 16, 2020
May 26, 2020
Mar. 11, 2020
Jun. 22, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Sep. 16, 2020
May 25, 2020
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)                           $ 0.96 $ 1.58    
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)                           817,500 725,000    
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount $ 772,000                         $ 772,000      
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition (Year)                           3 years 6 months      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Intrinsic Value $ 0                         $ 0      
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures in Period (in shares)               1,911,160                  
Chief Executive Officer [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)   $ 1.66     $ 1.66                        
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures (in shares)         650,000                        
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)   650,000                              
Controller [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)     $ 0.85 $ 0.85                          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures (in shares)     75,000                            
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)       75,000                          
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]                                  
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense                           383,000      
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Research and Development Expense [Member]                                  
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense                           104,000      
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | General and Administrative Expense [Member]                                  
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense                           276,000      
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Cost of Sales [Member]                                  
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense                           $ 3,000      
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Accelerated Vesting, Number (in shares)               25,000                  
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Controller [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)     4 years                            
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Vesting Annually [Member] | Chief Executive Officer [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights, Percentage         25.00%                        
The 2019 Plan [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)   $ 0.96         $ 1.77       $ 1.50            
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures (in shares)   862,500         445,000         388,246 500,000        
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Additional Shares Authorized (in shares)                   1,174,000              
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized (in shares)           4,600,000       2,500,000           4,600,000  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Percentage of Outstanding Stock Maximum           5.00%                      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant (in shares) 1,368,629                         1,368,629      
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Minimum [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)                       $ 2.90          
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)                       $ 3.93          
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)                 10 years                
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)                 $ 1.50                
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Chief Executive Officer [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures (in shares)   142,500                              
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)   142,500                              
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Former Employee and Independent Contractor [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures in Period (in shares) 71,250                                
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Employee [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized (in shares)                   1,300,000             500,000
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Vesting Over Two Years [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures (in shares)                     965,850   375,000        
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Vesting Based on Performance Criteria [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures (in shares)                     321,950   125,000        
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche One [Member] | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)                 600,000                
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)                 1 year                
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Two [Member] | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)                 200,000                
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)   5 years                 10 years            
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)   4 years                              
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Minimum [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)             5 years         5 years          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)             1 year         2 years          
The 2019 Plan [Member] | Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Maximum [Member]                                  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)             10 years         10 years          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)             4 years         5 years          
v3.23.2
Note 7 - Equity Compensation Plan - Stock Option Activity (Details) - $ / shares
6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Balance (in shares) 2,098,246 1,398,246  
Balance, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.98 $ 2.20  
Balance, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year) 7 years 9 months 18 days 6 years 1 month 6 days 6 years 3 months 18 days
Options granted (in shares) 817,500 725,000  
Options granted, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 0.96 $ 1.58  
Options granted, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year) 4 years 9 months 18 days 9 years 4 months 24 days  
Options expired or forfeited (in shares) (71,250) (25,000)  
Options expired or forfeited, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.09 $ 1.50  
Balance (in shares) 2,844,496 2,098,246 1,398,246
Balance, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.72 $ 1.98 $ 2.20
Vested (in shares) 1,187,748    
Vested, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.91    
Vested, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year) 7 years 8 months 12 days    
v3.23.2
Note 7 - Equity Compensation Plan - Options by Exercise Price (Details) - $ / shares
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.72 $ 1.98 $ 2.20
Outstanding options (in shares) 2,844,496 2,098,246 1,398,246
Exercisable options (in shares) 1,187,748    
Exercise Price One [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 0.85    
Outstanding options (in shares) 75,000    
Exercisable options (in shares) 0    
Exercise Price Two [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 0.96    
Outstanding options (in shares) 757,500    
Exercisable options (in shares) 35,625    
Exercise Price Three [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.50    
Outstanding options (in shares) 540,000    
Exercisable options (in shares) 540,000    
Exercise Price Four [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.66    
Outstanding options (in shares) 650,000    
Exercisable options (in shares) 162,500    
Exercise Price Five [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 1.77    
Outstanding options (in shares) 433,750    
Exercisable options (in shares) 182,500    
Exercise Price Six [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 2.90    
Outstanding options (in shares) 70,246    
Exercisable options (in shares) 35,123    
Exercise Price Seven [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 3.55    
Outstanding options (in shares) 50,000    
Exercisable options (in shares) 20,000    
Exercise Price Eight [Member]      
Exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 3.93    
Outstanding options (in shares) 268,000    
Exercisable options (in shares) 212,000    
v3.23.2
Note 7 - Equity Compensation Plan - Valuation Assumptions (Details) - $ / shares
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Risk-free interest rate 3.80% 2.77%
Expected term (years) (Year) 5 years 7 years
Expected volatility 110.90% 100.40%
Expected dividends 0.00% 0.00%
Grant date fair value of common stock (share) (in dollars per share) $ 0.77 $ 1.38
v3.23.2
Note 8 - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual) - USD ($)
1 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 26, 2023
Nov. 04, 2022
Sep. 02, 2022
Apr. 26, 2022
Apr. 07, 2022
Dec. 30, 2021
Mar. 11, 2020
Jun. 22, 2021
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Jun. 30, 2022
Estimated Litigation Liability                 $ 0   $ 0
Loss Contingency Accrual                 $ 0   $ 0
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)                 817,500 725,000  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)                 $ 0.96 $ 1.58  
The 2019 Plan [Member]                      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) $ 0.96         $ 1.77 $ 1.50        
Maximum [Member] | The 2019 Plan [Member]                      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)               $ 3.93      
Chief Executive Officer [Member]                      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares) 650,000                    
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) $ 1.66     $ 1.66              
Chief Executive Officer [Member] | The 2019 Plan [Member]                      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares) 142,500                    
Chief Executive Officer [Member] | Base Salary [Member]                      
Salary and Wage, Officer, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold         $ 300,000            
Chief Executive Officer [Member] | Performance Bonus [Member]                      
Salary and Wage, Officer, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold         112,500            
Chief Executive Officer [Member] | Performance Bonus [Member] | Maximum [Member]                      
Salary and Wage, Officer, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold         $ 150,000            
Controller [Member]                      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)     75,000                
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)   $ 0.85 $ 0.85                
Controller [Member] | Base Salary [Member]                      
Salary and Wage, Officer, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold     $ 120,000                
Controller [Member] | Signing Bonus [Member[                      
Salary and Wage, Officer, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold     4,500                
Controller [Member] | Retention Bonus [Member]                      
Salary and Wage, Officer, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold     $ 4,500                
v3.23.2
Note 9 - Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability (Details Textual)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Aug. 21, 2019
USD ($)
ft²
Operating Lease, Expense $ 100,000 $ 100,000    
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset 448,596   $ 532,953  
Restricted Cash [Member]        
Letters of Credit Outstanding, Amount $ 100,000 $ 100,000    
Leased lab and Office Space [Member]        
Area of Land (Square Foot) | ft²       10,000
Operating Lease, Monthly Payments       $ 16,667
v3.23.2
Note 9 - Right of Use Asset and Operating Lease Liability- Lease Information (Details) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
2023 $ 100,000  
2024 200,000  
2025 183,337  
Total undiscounted operating lease payments 483,337  
Less: Imputed interest 34,741  
Present value of operating lease liabilities 448,596  
Short-term portion 177,144 $ 171,496
Long term portion $ 271,452 $ 361,457
Remaining lease term in years (Year) 2 years 8 months 1 day  
Discount rate 6.50%  
v3.23.2
Note 10 - Concentrations (Details Textual)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Number of Major Customers 2 2
v3.23.2
Note 11 - Government Loans (Details Textual) - USD ($)
6 Months Ended
Feb. 24, 2021
Sep. 10, 2020
Sep. 01, 2020
Aug. 30, 2020
Aug. 20, 2020
May 27, 2020
May 01, 2020
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Interest Expense, Debt               $ 3,000 $ 4,000
Paycheck Protection Program Loan [Member]                  
Proceeds from Loans $ 193,625           $ 211,000    
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage 1.00%                
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment $ 3,300                
Economic Injury Disaster Loan Advance [Member]                  
Proceeds from Loans       $ 138,900     $ 10,000    
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage       3.75%          
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment       $ 678          
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)       30 years          
Tomkins County Area Development Loan [Member]                  
Proceeds from Loans           $ 50,000      
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage           2.50%      
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment           $ 1,443      
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)           4 years      
Broome County Industrial Development Agency Equipment Loan [Member]                  
Proceeds from Loans         $ 100,000        
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage         2.50%        
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment         $ 1,775        
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)         5 years        
Southern Tier Region Economic Development Loan [Member]                  
Proceeds from Loans     $ 100,000            
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage     5.00%            
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment     $ 2,072            
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)     5 years            
TCAD Loan [Member]                  
Proceeds from Loans   $ 75,000              
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage   2.50%              
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment   $ 1,331              
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)   5 years              
v3.23.2
Note 11 - Government Loan - Schedule of Loans (Details) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Principal outstanding $ 302,233 $ 339,737
Deferred loan costs, net of amortization (2,128) (2,584)
Subtotal 300,105 337,153
Less current portion (75,248) (72,424)
Total long term portion $ 224,857 $ 264,729
v3.23.2
Note 12 - Revision of Stock Compensation Expense (Details Textual) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Additional Paid in Capital $ 11,206,329 $ 10,776,181
Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment [Member]    
Additional Paid in Capital   $ 262,523
v3.23.2
Note 12 - Revision of Stock Compensation Expense - Schedule of Error Corrections (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Mar. 31, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Gross profit (loss) $ 5,950   $ (2,516)   $ 12,467 $ (3,577)  
Operating expenses 1,106,197   1,325,552   2,313,008 2,452,663  
Operating loss (1,100,247)   (1,328,068)   (2,300,541) (2,456,240)  
Net loss (1,371,305) $ (1,485,527) $ (1,331,725) $ (1,129,975) (2,856,832) $ (2,461,700)  
Additional paid-in capital 11,206,329       11,206,329   $ 10,776,181
Accumulated deficit $ (15,208,597)       $ (15,208,597)   $ (12,351,765)
As if Restated [Member]              
Gross profit (loss)       (2,568)      
Operating expenses       1,226,072      
Operating loss       (1,027,704)      
Net loss       (1,230,443)      
Additional paid-in capital       10,186,917      
Accumulated deficit       (8,050,651)      
Previously Reported [Member]              
Gross profit (loss)       (1,061)      
Operating expenses       1,127,111      
Operating loss       (1,128,172)      
Net loss       (1,129,975)      
Additional paid-in capital       9,924,394      
Accumulated deficit       (7,788,128)      
Revision of Prior Period, Error Correction, Adjustment [Member]              
Gross profit (loss)       (1,507)      
Operating expenses       98,961      
Operating loss       100,468      
Net loss       (100,468)      
Additional paid-in capital       262,523      
Accumulated deficit       $ (262,523)      
v3.23.2
Note 13 - Convertible Bridge Notes - Related Party (Details Textual) - Convertible Debt [Member]
Dec. 23, 2022
USD ($)
Aug. 08, 2022
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage 10.00%      
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Carrying Amount of Equity Component $ 5      
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Ratio 200      
Interest Payable     $ 230,000 $ 52,000
Maximum [Member]        
Proceeds from Issuance of Debt $ 3,750,000      
Promissory Note I [Member]        
Proceeds from Issuance of Debt   $ 1,250,000    
Promissory Note II [Member]        
Proceeds from Issuance of Debt $ 2,350,000      
v3.23.2
Note 13 - Convertible Bridge Notes- Related Party- Schedule of Convertible Debt (Details) - Convertible Debt [Member]
6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Market Rate 16.41% 12.41%
Maturity Date Jun. 30, 2025 Jun. 30, 2025
Qualified Financing Event Date Jun. 30, 2024 Jun. 30, 2023
Corporate Transaction Event Date Sep. 30, 2023 Jun. 30, 2023
Probability of Maturity [Member]    
Debt, measurement input 0.050 0.100
Probability of Qualified Financing Event [Member]    
Debt, measurement input 0.85 0.85
Probability of Corporate Transaction [Member]    
Debt, measurement input 0.100 0.050
v3.23.2
Note 13 - Convertible Bridge Notes - Related Party - Changes in Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Change in fair value $ (189,000)   $ 0 $ (382,000) $ 0  
Change in fair value (189,000)   $ 0 (382,000) 0  
Convertible Debt [Member]            
Face value 4,635,000 $ 4,442,000   4,442,000 $ 3,600,000 $ 3,600,000
Change in fair value 189,000 193,000       842,000
Change in fair value 189,000 193,000       842,000
Fair value $ 4,824,000 $ 4,635,000   $ 4,824,000   $ 4,442,000

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