Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource growth by
drilling and through merger
PERTH, Western
Australia, Sept. 16, 2024 /CNW/ - Westgold Resources
Limited (ASX: WGX) (TSX: WGX) (OTCQX: WGXRF) (Westgold or the
Company) is pleased to provide its updated Mineral Resource
Estimate and Ore Reserve Statement calculated as of 30 June 20241.
Group Gold Mineral
Resource Estimate
and Ore Reserves
|
At 30 June
20242
|
Total Measured and
Indicated Resources
|
116Mt at 2.19g/t Au
for 8.1 Moz of gold
|
Total Inferred
Resources
|
63Mt at 2.47g/t Au
for 5.0 Moz of gold
|
Total Ore Reserves
|
50Mt at 2.05g/t Au
for 3.3Moz of gold
|
Highlights
|
Investment in
Murchison exploration in FY23 and FY24 has delivered the
first increase in Ore Reserves post depletion since
FY17.
|
|
60% increase in Group
Mineral Resource Estimate from FY23 - now 8.1Moz
Measured and Indicated and 5.0Moz Inferred Resources post-merger
and
mining depletion.
|
|
69% increase in Group
Ore Reserve Estimate from FY23 - now 3.3Moz post-
merger and mining depletion.
|
|
10% increase year on
year in the Ore Reserves of operating gold mines in the
Murchison including:
- 133% increase at
Bluebird – South Junction to 277koz.
|
|
Nineteen drill rigs
operating across the 3200km2 portfolio
|
____________________________________
1 Southern Goldfields Ore Reserves and Mineral Resources
are as at 1 August 2024, corresponding to the merger completion
2 Southern Goldfields Ore Reserves and Mineral Resources
are as at 1 August 2024, corresponding to the merger
completion
|
|
Westgold Managing Director Wayne
Bramwell commented:
"Westgold is growing our business both organically and
inorganically.
Drilling investment over FY23 and FY24 has delivered the first
increase in Murchison Ore Reserves since 2017. On an inorganic
basis the integration of the Southern Goldfields assets has lifted
our Measured and Indicated Resource base to 8.1Moz, Inferred
Resource base to 5.0Moz and Ore Reserves to 3.3Moz.
Resource conversion across the portfolio is our focus and
opportunities are abundant. The Starlight mine continues to grow in
stature, the Bluebird-South Junction complex continues to grow in
scale, and through drilling, the emerging Fletcher Zone at Beta Hunt will reveal its true
potential. On an exploration front, the Higginsville area has seen
limited attention for over a decade and is wide open for
exploration success.
Westgold today has 19 drill rigs operating across our portfolio
and this investment will continue to unlock value from our
3,200km2 of tenure across two of Western Australia's most productive
goldfields."
2024 Mineral Resource Estimate
As of 30 June
20243, the total gold Measured
and Indicated Mineral Resource estimate for the Westgold
business was 116Mt at 2.19g/t Au
for 8.1 Moz of gold and the Inferred Mineral Resource estimate
was 63Mt at 2.47g/t Au for 5.0 Moz of gold.
This represents 60% growth in the Company's gold Mineral
Resource base year on year underpinned by both a continued
significant campaign of exploration and resource definition
drilling over FY24 (investing $25M on
top of the $19M invested in FY23) and
the integration of the Southern Goldfields assets of Karora
Resources Inc. (Karora) into the enlarged Westgold (refer
Figure 1).
Figure 1 – Westgold has achieved Mineral
Resource growth in FY23 and FY24.4
The Murchison Operations incorporate the Bluebird, Tuckabianna
and Fortnum processing hubs while the Southern Goldfields
Operations incorporate the Lakewood and Higginsville processing
hubs.
Tables 1, 2 and 3 below depict the FY24 Mineral
Resource Estimates for the Murchison and Southern Goldfields
Operations.
___________________________________
3 Southern Goldfields Ore Reserves and Mineral Resources
are as at 1 August 2024, corresponding to the merger completion
4 FY17 – FY23 Resources completed under JORC Code
only
|
|
Table 1 – Gold Mineral Resource Estimates at
30 June 2024 for Westgold Operating
Mines.
Murchison Gold
Operations
|
Mineral Resource
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
30/06/2024
|
|
Measured
|
Indicated
|
Measured and
Indicated
|
Inferred
|
Operating
Mine
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Big Bell UG
|
4,022
|
3.07
|
397
|
7,965
|
3.33
|
853
|
11,988
|
3.24
|
1,250
|
5,927
|
3.11
|
593
|
Fender UG
|
95
|
3.22
|
10
|
201
|
3.05
|
20
|
297
|
3.10
|
30
|
345
|
3.33
|
37
|
Great Fingall
UG
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
1,616
|
5.25
|
273
|
1,616
|
5.25
|
273
|
883
|
3.51
|
100
|
Golden Crown
UG
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
333
|
6.18
|
66
|
333
|
6.18
|
66
|
944
|
5.14
|
156
|
Bluebird Group
UG
|
304
|
4.09
|
40
|
4,368
|
3.03
|
425
|
4,672
|
3.10
|
465
|
6,032
|
2.55
|
495
|
Starlight UG
|
881
|
4.01
|
114
|
1,973
|
3.44
|
218
|
2,854
|
3.62
|
332
|
2,588
|
3.13
|
260
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
5,303
|
3.29
|
561
|
16,457
|
3.51
|
1,855
|
21,760
|
3.45
|
2,415
|
16,719
|
3.05
|
1,641
|
Southern Goldfields
Gold Operations
|
Mineral Resource
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
1/08/2024
|
|
Measured
|
Indicated
|
Measured and
Indicated
|
Inferred
|
Operating
Mine
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Two Boys
|
24
|
1.55
|
1
|
1,141
|
2.32
|
85
|
1,165
|
2.30
|
86
|
184
|
2.78
|
16
|
Pioneer
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
519
|
2.11
|
35
|
519
|
2.11
|
35
|
345
|
1.50
|
17
|
Beta Hunt
|
1,142
|
2.79
|
102
|
16,581
|
2.74
|
1,458
|
17,723
|
2.74
|
1,561
|
12,860
|
2.63
|
1,086
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
1,166
|
2.76
|
104
|
18,241
|
2.69
|
1,579
|
19,407
|
2.70
|
1,682
|
13,388
|
2.60
|
1,119
|
Table 2 – Gold Mineral Resource Estimates at
30 June 2024 for Westgold
Non-Operating Projects.
Murchison Gold
Operations
|
Mineral Resource
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
30/06/2024
|
|
Measured
|
Indicated
|
Measured and
Indicated
|
Inferred
|
Project
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Big Bell
District
|
60
|
2.81
|
5
|
802
|
2.64
|
68
|
861
|
2.65
|
73
|
1,848
|
2.94
|
175
|
Cuddingwarra
|
85
|
1.66
|
5
|
1,600
|
1.63
|
84
|
1,685
|
1.63
|
88
|
597
|
1.50
|
29
|
Day Dawn
District
|
58
|
1.73
|
3
|
1,068
|
2.04
|
70
|
1,126
|
2.02
|
73
|
1,043
|
1.78
|
60
|
Tuckabianna
|
267
|
3.54
|
30
|
3,448
|
2.78
|
308
|
3,715
|
2.84
|
339
|
2,899
|
2.63
|
245
|
Tuckabianna
Stockpiles
|
81
|
2.09
|
5
|
3,627
|
0.70
|
81
|
3,709
|
0.73
|
87
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
Meekatharra
North
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
97
|
1.98
|
6
|
97
|
1.98
|
6
|
75
|
2.11
|
5
|
Nannine
|
68
|
2.55
|
6
|
859
|
2.06
|
57
|
927
|
2.09
|
62
|
340
|
2.26
|
25
|
Paddy's Flat
|
376
|
3.67
|
44
|
10,641
|
1.65
|
564
|
11,017
|
1.72
|
608
|
2,574
|
1.93
|
160
|
Reedy's
|
430
|
3.77
|
52
|
3,225
|
2.58
|
267
|
3,656
|
2.72
|
319
|
9,191
|
2.54
|
750
|
Yaloginda
District
|
53
|
2.59
|
4
|
4,128
|
1.47
|
195
|
4,181
|
1.49
|
200
|
5,879
|
1.40
|
265
|
Bluebird
Stockpiles
|
350
|
1.34
|
15
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
350
|
1.34
|
15
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
Fortnum
District
|
332
|
2.67
|
28
|
2,951
|
2.08
|
197
|
3,282
|
2.14
|
226
|
618
|
1.88
|
37
|
Horseshoe
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
1,266
|
2.09
|
85
|
1,266
|
2.09
|
85
|
183
|
1.43
|
8
|
Peak Hill
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
7,547
|
1.55
|
376
|
7,547
|
1.55
|
376
|
1,838
|
1.78
|
105
|
FGO
Stockpiles
|
723
|
0.95
|
22
|
481
|
0.69
|
11
|
1,204
|
0.85
|
33
|
16
|
0.54
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
2,884
|
2.39
|
221
|
41,741
|
1.77
|
2,370
|
44,625
|
1.81
|
2,591
|
27,100
|
2.14
|
1,864
|
Southern Goldfields
Gold Operations
|
Mineral Resource
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
1/08/2024
|
|
Measured
|
Indicated
|
Measured and
Indicated
|
Inferred
|
Project
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HGO Central
|
931
|
2.94
|
88
|
2,442
|
2.74
|
215
|
3,373
|
2.80
|
303
|
1,519
|
2.91
|
142
|
HGO Greater
|
466
|
3.00
|
45
|
2,799
|
2.79
|
251
|
3,265
|
2.82
|
296
|
1,999
|
2.39
|
154
|
Mt Henry
|
11,042
|
1.19
|
424
|
10,172
|
1.16
|
378
|
21,214
|
1.18
|
802
|
2,565
|
1.28
|
106
|
HGO
Stockpiles
|
373
|
0.40
|
5
|
1,568
|
0.76
|
38
|
1,940
|
0.69
|
43
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
BHO
Stockpiles
|
47
|
2.09
|
3
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
47
|
2.09
|
3
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
12,859
|
1.37
|
565
|
16,981
|
1.62
|
882
|
29,840
|
1.51
|
1,447
|
6,083
|
2.05
|
402
|
Table 3 – Nickel Mineral Resource Estimates at
1 August 2024 for Beta Hunt.
Beta Hunt Nickel
Operations
|
Mineral Resource
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
1/08/2024
|
|
Measured
|
Indicated
|
Measured and
Indicated
|
Inferred
|
Project
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Ni
(%)
|
NiT
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Ni
(%)
|
NiT
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Ni
(%)
|
NiT
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Ni
(%)
|
NiT
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beta Hunt
|
0
|
0.0 %
|
0
|
749
|
2.8 %
|
21
|
749
|
2.8 %
|
21
|
499
|
2.7 %
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
0
|
0.0 %
|
0
|
749
|
2.8 %
|
21
|
749
|
2.8 %
|
21
|
499
|
2.7 %
|
13
|
See Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure
4 for location details. Additional detailed information
relating to generation of the Mineral Resource Estimates is
attached in Appendix B & C Table 1 – JORC 2012 Reporting
Criteria.
Figure 2 - Murchison Operations Project
Areas (Bluebird & Tuckabianna).
Figure 3 - Murchison Operations Project
Areas (Fortnum)
Figure 4 – Southern Goldfields Operations
Project Area.
Geology
Murchison
The Meekatharra Gold operation is located in the Achaean
Murchison Province, a granite-greenstone terrane in the northwest
of the Yilgarn Craton. Greenstone belts trending north-northeast
are separated by granite-gneiss domes, with smaller granite plutons
also present within or on the margins of the belts.
The Paddy's Flat area is located on the western limb of a
regional fold, the Polelle Syncline, within a sequence of mafic to
ultramafic volcanics with minor interflow sediments and banded
iron-formation. The sequence has also been intruded by felsic
porphyry dykes prior to mineralisation. Mineralisation is located
along four sub-parallel trends at Paddy's Flat and can be comprised
of sulphide replacement BIF hosted gold, quartz vein hosted
shear-related gold and quartz-carbonate-sulphide stockwork vein and
alteration related gold.
The Yaloginda area which hosts Bluebird – South Junction, is a gold-bearing Archaean
greenstone belt situated ~15km south of Meekatharra. The deposits
in the area are hosted in a strained and metamorphosed volcanic
sequence that consists primarily of ultramafic and high-magnesium
basalt with minor komatiite, peridotite, gabbro, tholeiitic basalt
and interflow sediments.
The sequence was intruded by a variety of felsic porphyry and
intermediate sills and dykes.
The Reedy's mining district is located approximately 50 km to
the south-east to Meekatharra and to the south of Lake Annean. The
Reedy gold deposits occur with- in a north-south trending
greenstone belt, two to five kilometres wide, composed of
volcano-sedimentary sequences and separated multiphase syn- and
post-tectonic granitoid complexes. Structurally controlled the gold
occur.
The Cue Gold Operations are located in the Achaean Murchison
Province, a granite-greenstone terrane in the northwest of the
Yilgarn Craton. Greenstone belts trending north-northeast are
separated by granite-gneiss domes, with smaller granite plutons
also present within or on the margins of the belts.
Mineralisation at Big Bell is hosted in the shear zone (Mine
Sequence) and is associated with the post-peak metamorphic
retrograde assemblages. Stibnite, native antimony and trace
arsenopyrite are disseminated through the K-feldspar-rich lode
schist. These are intergrown with pyrite and pyrrhotite and
chalcopyrite. Mineralisation outside the typical Big Bell host
rocks (KPSH), for example 1,600N and Shocker, also display a very
strong W-As-Sb geochemical halo.
Numerous gold deposits occur within the Cuddingwarra Project
area, the majority of which are hosted within the central
mafic-ultramafic ± felsic porphyry sequence. Within this broad
framework, mineralisation is shown to be spatially controlled by
competency contrasts across, and flexures along, layer-parallel D2
shear zones, and is maximised when transected by corridors of
northeast striking D3 faults and fractures.
The Great Fingall Dolerite hosts the majority gold
mineralisation within the portion of the greenstone belt proximal
to Cue (The Day Dawn Project Area). Unit AGF3 is the most brittle
of all the five units and this characteristic is responsible for
its role as the most favourable lithological host to gold
mineralisation in the Greenstone Belt.
The Fortnum deposits are Paleoproterozoic shear-hosted gold
deposits within the Fortnum Wedge, a localised thrust duplex of
Narracoota Formation within the overlying Ravelstone Formation.
Both stratigraphic formations comprise part of the Bryah Basin in
the Capricorn Orogen, Western
Australia.
The Horseshoe Cassidy deposits are hosted within the Ravelstone
Formation (siltstone and argillite) and Narracoota Formation
(highly altered, moderate to strongly deformed mafic to ultramafic
rocks). The main zone of mineralisation is developed within a
horizon of highly altered magnesian basalt. Gold mineralisation is
associated with strong vein stock works that are confined to the
altered mafic. Alteration consists of two types: stockwork proximal
silica-carbonate-fuchsite-haematite-pyrite and distal
silica-haematite-carbonate+/- chlorite.
The Peak Hill district represents remnants of a Proterozoic fold
belt comprising highly deformed trough and shelf sediments and
mafic / ultramafic volcanics, which are generally moderately
metamorphosed (except for the Peak Hill Metamorphic Suite).
Southern Goldfields
The Beta Hunt Gold Operations are situated within the central
portion of the Norseman-Wiluna greenstone belt in a sequence of
mafic / ultramafic and felsic rocks on the southwest flank of the
Kambalda Dome. Gold mineralisation occurs mainly in subvertical
shear zones in the Lunnon Basalt and is characterised by shear and
extensional quartz veining within a halo of biotite/pyrite
alteration. Within these shear zones, coarse gold sometimes occurs
where the shear zones intersect iron-rich sulphidic metasediments
in the Lunnon Basalt or nickel sulphides at the base of the
Kambalda Komatiite (ultramafics). The mineralised shears are
represented by A-Zone, Western Flanks, Larkin and Mason zones.
The Higginsville Gold Operation is located in the Eastern
Goldfields Superterrane of the Archean Yilgarn Craton. The bulk of
the Higginsville tenement package is located almost entirely within
the well-mineralised Kalgoorlie Terrane, between the gold mining
centres of Norseman and St Ives. HGO can be sub-divided into seven
major geological domains: Trident Line of Lode, Chalice, Lake
Cowan, Southern Paleo-channels, Mt Henry, Polar Bear Group and
Spargo's Project area.
Majority of mineralisation along the Trident Line of Lode are
hosted within the Poseidon gabbro and high-MgO dyke complexes in
the south. The Poseidon Gabbro is a thick, weakly-differentiated
gabbroic sill, which strikes north-south and dips 60° to the east,
is over 500 m thick and 2.5 km long.
The mineralisation is hosted within or marginal to quartz veining
and is structurally and lithologically controlled.
The Chalice Deposit is located within a north-south trending, 2
km to 3 km wide greenstone terrane, flanked on the west
calc-alkaline granitic rocks of the Boorabin Batholith and to the
east by the Pioneer Dome Batholith. The dominant unit that hosts
gold mineralisation is a fine grained, weak to strongly foliated
amphibole-plagioclase amphibolite, with a typically lepidoblastic
(mineralogically aligned and banded) texture. It is west-dipping
and generally steep, approximately 60° to 75°.
The Lake Cowan project area is situated near the centre of a
regional anticline between the Zuleika and Lefroy faults, with the local geology of the
area made more complex by the intrusion of the massive Proterozoic
Binneringie dyke. The majority of mineralisation at the Lake Cowan
Mining Centre is hosted within an enclave of Archaean material
surrounded by the Binneringie dyke.
Mineralised zones within the Southern Paleo Channels network
comprise both placer gold, normally near the base of the
channel-fill sequences, and chemically-precipitated secondary gold
within the channel-fill materials and underlying saprolite. These
gold concentrations commonly overlie, or are adjacent to, primary
mineralised zones within Archaean bedrock.
The Mount Henry Project covers 347km2 of the prolific
South Norseman‐Wiluna Greenstone belt of the Eastern Goldfields in
Western Australia. Although the
greenstone rocks from the Norseman area can be broadly correlated
with those of the Kalgoorlie – Kambalda region they form a
distinct terrain which is bounded on all sides by major regional
shears. The Norseman Terrane has prominent banded iron formations
which distinguish it from the Kalgoorlie– Kambalda Terrane. The
Mount Henry gold deposit is hosted by a silicate facies BIF unit
within the Noganyer Formation. Gold mineralisation is predominantly
hosted by the silicate facies BIF unit but is also associated with
minor meta‐basalt and dolerite units that were mostly emplaced in
the BIF prior to mineralisation. The footwall to the BIF is
characterised by a sedimentary schistose unit and the hanging wall
by the overlying dolerites of the Woolyeener Formation. The Mount
Henry gold deposit is classified as an Archean, orogenic shear
hosted deposit. The main lode is an elongated, shear‐hosted body,
1.9km long by 6 – 10 metres wide and dips 65‐75 degrees
towards the west.
The Polar Bear project is situated within the Archaean
Norseman-Wiluna Belt which locally includes basalts, komatiites,
metasediments, and felsic volcaniclastics. The primary gold
mineralisation is related to hydrothermal activity during multiple
deformation events. Indications are that gold mineralisation is
focused on or near to the stratigraphic boundary between the
Killaloe and Buldania
Formation.
The Spargo's Project occurs within Coolgardie Domain of the
Kalgoorlie Terrane. The area is bounded by the Zuleika Shear to the
east and the Kunanalling Shear to the west. The geological setting
comprises tightly-folded north-south striking ultramafic and mafic
volcanic rocks at the northern closure Widgiemooltha Dome. The
project lies on the general trend of the Kunanalling / Karramindie
Shear corridor, a regional shear zone that hosts significant
mineralisation to the north at Ghost Crab (Mount Marion), Wattle
Dam to the south, the Penfolds group and Kunanalling. The regional
prospective Zuleika Shear lies to the east of the project. The
tenements are prospective for vein and shear hosted gold deposits
as demonstrated by Spargo's Reward and numerous other gold workings
and occurrences. Gold mineralisation at Spargo's Reward is hosted
by a coarse-grained pyrite-arsenopyrite lode in quartz-sericite
schists, between strongly biotitic altered greywacke to the east
and quartz-sericite-fuchsite-pyrite altered felsic tuff to the
west. Gold mineralisation is associated with very little quartz
veining which is atypical for many deposits in region. The Spargo's
Reward setting has been described variously as a low-quartz
sulphidic mesothermal gold system or as a Hemlo style syn-sedimentary occurrence.
Background to the Mineral Resource Estimate
Geological interpretation of individual deposits is carried out
using a systematic approach to ensure that the resultant estimated
Mineral Resource Estimate was both sufficiently constrained, and
representative of the expected sub-surface conditions. In all
aspects of Mineral Resource Estimation, the factual and interpreted
geology was used to guide the development of the interpretation.
Geological matrixes were established to assist with interpretation
and construction of the estimation domains.
A significant portion of the data used in Mineral Resource
Estimations has been gathered from diamond core. Multiple sizes
have been used. This core is geologically logged and subsequently
halved for sampling. Grade control holes may be whole-cored to
streamline the core handling process if required. Face sampling
data is also utilised, where each development face / round is
horizontally chip sampled. The sampling intervals are domained by
geological constraints (e.g. rock type, veining and alteration /
sulphidation etc.).
All geology input is logged and validated by the relevant area
geologists, incorporated into this is assessment of sample
recovery. No defined relationship exists between sample recovery
and grade. Nor has sample bias due to preferential loss or gain of
fine or coarse material been noted.
Faces are nominally chipped horizontally across the face from
left to right, sub-set via geological features as appropriate.
Diamond drilling is half-core niche sampled, sub-set via geological
features as appropriate.
Samples undergo fine pulverisation of the entire sample by an
LM5 type mill to achieve a 75µ product prior to splitting. QA/QC is
currently ensured during the sub-sampling stages process via the
use of the systems of an independent NATA / ISO accredited
laboratory contractor. The sample size is considered appropriate
for the grain size of the material being sampled. The un-sampled
half of diamond core is retained for check sampling if
required.
Sampling is analysed for gold by fire assay as outlined
below;
- A 40g – 50g sample undergoes fire assay lead collection
followed by flame atomic adsorption spectrometry.
- Quality control is ensured via the use of standards, blanks and
duplicates. The laboratory includes a minimum of 1 project standard
with every 22 samples analysed. No significant QA/QC issues have
arisen in recent drilling results.
Photon Assay was introduced in 2023 for Beta Hunt gold grade
control samples. PhotonAssay™ technology (Chrysos Corporation
Limited) is a rapid, non-destructive analysis of gold and other
elements in mineral samples. It is based on the principle of gamma
activation, which uses high energy x-rays to excite changes to the
nuclear structure of selected elements. The decay is then measured
to give a gold analysis. Each sample is run through two cycles with
a radiation time of 15s. This methodology is insensitive to
material type and thus does not require fluxing chemicals as in the
fire assay methodology.
Nickel analyses have been completed by 4 acid digest and final
analysis using ICP-OES.
After validating the drillhole data to be used in the
estimation, interpretation of the orebody is undertaken to create
the outline strings which form the basis of the three-dimensional
orebody wireframe. Wireframing is then carried out using a
combination of automated stitching algorithms and manual
triangulation to create an accurate three-dimensional
representation of the sub-surface mineralised body.
Drillhole intersections within the mineralised body are defined,
these intersections are then used to flag the appropriate sections
of the drillhole database tables for compositing purposes.
Drillholes are subsequently composited to allow for grade
estimation. In all aspects of resource estimation, the factual and
interpreted geology was used to guide the development of the
interpretation.
Once the sample data has been composited, a statistical analysis
is undertaken to assist with determining estimation search
parameters, top-cuts etc. Analysis of individual domains is
undertaken to assist with determining appropriate search
parameters. Which are then incorporated with observed geological
and geometrical features to determine the most appropriate search
parameters.
An empty block model is then created for the area of interest.
This model contains attributes set at background values for the
various elements of interest as well as density, and various
estimation parameters that are subsequently used to assist in
resource categorisation. The block sizes used in the model will
vary depending on orebody geometry, minimum mining units,
estimation parameters and levels of informing data available.
Grade estimation is then undertaken. Ordinary kriging estimation
method is considered as standard. Estimation results are validated
against primary input data, previous estimates and mining
output.
The Mineral Resource is then depleted for mining voids and
subsequently classified in line with JORC guidelines utilising a
combination of various estimation derived parameters and geological
/ mining knowledge.
Data spacing is variable dependent upon the individual lode
under consideration.
This approach considers all relevant factors and reflects the
Competent Person's view of the deposit.
The cut off grades used for the reporting of the Mineral
Resources Estimates is selected based upon the style of
mineralisation, depth from surface of the mineralisation and the
most probable extraction technique and associated costs.
Likely mining approaches have been considered at the domaining,
estimation and classification steps. However, no mining dilution or
ore loss has been modelled in the resource model or applied to the
reported Mineral Resource Estimate. Nor has metallurgical recovery
been applied to the reported Mineral Resource Estimate. These
factors are applied during the Ore Reserve generation process.
Figure 5 – Big Bell Mineral Resource
Schematic FY24.
Figure 6 – Fender Mineral Resource
Schematic FY24.
Figure 7 – Great Fingall Mineral Resource
Schematic FY24.
Figure 8 – Bluebird – South Junction
Mineral Resource Schematic FY24.
Figure 9 – Starlight Mineral Resource
Schematic FY24.
Figure 10 – Beta Hunt Mineral Resource
Schematic FY24.
Figure 11 – Fletcher detail with current
position of decline development into Fletcher zone visible.
Westgold nickel Mineral Resources have increased materially
year-on-year driven by:
- Integration of the Karora nickel Mineral Resources into the
enlarged Westgold:
2024 Ore Reserves
Figure 12 depicts Westgold's cumulate production and
Ore Reserves since 2017. As of 30 June
2024, the total Ore Reserve is 50Mt at 2.05g/t Au for
3.3Moz of gold5. This represents 69%
growth in Westgold's gold Ore Reserves year on year underpinned
by both a continued significant campaign of exploration and
resource drilling over FY24 (investing $25M on top of the $19M invested in FY23) and the integration of the
Southern Goldfields assets of Karora into the enlarged
Westgold.
___________________________________
5 Southern Goldfields Ore Reserves and Mineral
Resources are as at 1 August 2024, corresponding to the merger
completion
|
The investment in exploration delivered the first increase in
Ore Reserves post depletion within the Murchison since
FY17.
In FY25, Westgold expects to spend $50M towards exploration and resource definition
drilling with a focus on Mineral Resource conversion into Ore
Reserves.
Figure 12 – Westgold Group Cumulative Gold
Production and Ore Reserves.
Table 4 and 5 below depicts the FY24 Ore Reserves
statement for the Murchison and Southern Goldfields Operations.
Table 4 – Gold Ore Reserves at 30 June 2024 for Westgold Operating
Mines.
Murchison Gold
Operations
|
Ore Reserve
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
30/06/2024
|
|
Proven
|
Probable
|
Total
|
Operating
Mine
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Big Bell UG
|
9,808
|
1.48
|
467
|
4,898
|
3.10
|
489
|
14,706
|
2.02
|
956
|
Fender UG
|
81
|
2.58
|
7
|
147
|
2.68
|
13
|
228
|
2.65
|
19
|
Great Fingall
UG
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
1,895
|
4.20
|
256
|
1,895
|
4.20
|
256
|
Golden Crown
UG
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
230
|
4.52
|
33
|
230
|
4.52
|
33
|
Bluebird Group
UG
|
75
|
3.91
|
9
|
2,967
|
2.81
|
268
|
3,041
|
2.83
|
277
|
Starlight UG
|
676
|
2.56
|
56
|
972
|
2.36
|
74
|
1,647
|
2.44
|
129
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
10,640
|
1.58
|
539
|
11,107
|
3.17
|
1,132
|
21,747
|
2.39
|
1,671
|
Southern Goldfields
Gold Operations
|
Ore Reserve
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
1/08/2024
|
|
Proven
|
Probable
|
Total
|
Operating
Mine
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Two Boys
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
Pioneer
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
135
|
2.30
|
10
|
135
|
2.30
|
10
|
Beta Hunt
|
304
|
2.69
|
26
|
5,940
|
2.70
|
516
|
6,244
|
2.70
|
542
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
304
|
2.69
|
26
|
6,075
|
2.69
|
526
|
6,379
|
2.69
|
552
|
Table 5 – Gold Ore Reserves at 30 June 2024 for Westgold Non-Operating
Projects.
Murchison Gold
Operations
|
Ore Reserve
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
30/06/2024
|
|
Proven
|
Probable
|
Total
|
Project
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Big Bell
District
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
59
|
2.98
|
6
|
59
|
2.98
|
6
|
Cuddingwarra
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
98
|
1.77
|
6
|
98
|
1.77
|
6
|
Day Dawn
District
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
Tuckabianna
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
683
|
3.00
|
66
|
683
|
3.00
|
66
|
Tuckabianna
Stockpiles
|
81
|
2.09
|
5
|
3,627
|
0.70
|
81
|
3,709
|
0.73
|
87
|
Meekatharra
North
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
Nannine
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
262
|
1.93
|
16
|
262
|
1.93
|
16
|
Paddy's Flat
|
48
|
4.10
|
6
|
435
|
3.86
|
54
|
483
|
3.88
|
60
|
Reedy's
|
57
|
3.35
|
6
|
398
|
3.42
|
44
|
455
|
3.41
|
50
|
Yaloginda
District
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
Bluebird
Stockpiles
|
350
|
1.34
|
15
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
350
|
1.34
|
15
|
Fortnum
District
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
429
|
1.85
|
26
|
429
|
1.85
|
26
|
Horseshoe
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
357
|
2.18
|
25
|
357
|
2.18
|
25
|
Peak Hill
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
FGO
Stockpiles
|
723
|
0.95
|
22
|
481
|
0.69
|
11
|
1,204
|
0.85
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
1,260
|
1.36
|
55
|
6,828
|
1.52
|
334
|
8,088
|
1.50
|
389
|
Southern Goldfields
Gold Operations
|
Ore Reserve
Statement - Rounded for Reporting
|
1/08/2024
|
|
Proven
|
Probable
|
Total
|
Project
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
Tonnes
('000s)
|
Grade
|
Ounces Au
('000s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HGO Central
District
|
132
|
2.20
|
9
|
512
|
3.02
|
50
|
644
|
2.85
|
59
|
HGO Greater
|
288
|
2.28
|
21
|
1,303
|
3.00
|
126
|
1,591
|
2.87
|
147
|
Mt Henry
|
7,208
|
1.30
|
301
|
3,622
|
1.37
|
160
|
10,830
|
1.32
|
461
|
HGO
Stockpiles
|
298
|
0.80
|
8
|
569
|
0.80
|
15
|
867
|
0.80
|
22
|
BHO
Stockpiles
|
47
|
2.09
|
3
|
0
|
0.00
|
0
|
47
|
2.09
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
7,973
|
1.34
|
342
|
6,006
|
1.81
|
349
|
13,979
|
1.54
|
692
|
Ore Reserves are a subset of Measured and Indicated Mineral
Resources only. All active open pit and underground operations were
depleted to 30 June 2024 based upon
data cut-off at 31 March, except for those in the Southern
Goldfields which were depleted to 1 August
2024.
Ore Reserves have been generated from design studies at a
Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility stage using appropriate cost,
geotechnical, slope angle, stope span, dilution, cut-off grade and
mining and metallurgical recovery parameters which are specific to
each mine. Mining methods applied are resource specific and based
upon experience with similar orebodies. DeswikTM
(underground) along with GEOVIA WhittleTM and GEOVIA
SurpacTM (open pit) mining software was used to create
mine designs. A maximum A$3,000/oz
gold price has been used to establish Ore Reserves and determine
appropriate cut-off grades.
Mining, milling and additional overhead costs are based on
currently contracted and budgeted operating costs. Mill recoveries
for all ore types are based upon operating experience or
metallurgical test work. Ore Reserves consider environmental,
tenement, government and infrastructure approvals along with
transportation requirements to market.
Stockpiles consist of ROM stocks and low-grade stocks both mined
by Westgold and accumulated by previous owners.
Material year-on-year changes to the Westgold gold Ore Reserves
include:
- Integration of the Karora Ore Reserves into the enlarged
Westgold:
- Beta Hunt Operations (+545koz); and
- Higginsville Gold Operations (+699koz).
- Routine mining depletions and ongoing resource development
in Westgold's active mines contributed to an increase of 148koz of
Ore Reserves in our Murchison operating mines, including:
- Bluebird - South Junction
(+158oz); and
- Starlight (+32koz).
Figure 13 – Westgold made substantial
gains in Ore Reserves through the inclusion of its Southern
Operations whilst also adding to its Murchison Ore Reserves for the
first time since FY17.
Background to the Ore Reserve
All Ore Reserve inventories are based upon detailed
three-dimensional designs to ensure practical mining conditions are
met. Additionally, all Ore Reserve inventories are above the mine
specific cut-off grades (COG) as well as containing only Measured
and Indicated material. Depending upon the mining method –
modifying factors are used to address hydrological, geotechnical,
minimum width and blasting conditions. These factors are applied
during the stope design process to ensure are captured prior to
scheduling and are relevant to the style of mineralisation,
lithology, and ground conditions encountered.
Cost modelling is completed on all deposits within the ore
reserve. In mines where current operations are employed, costs are
derived from real and budgeted rates. In those which are under
feasibility, the costs applied are determined from a schedule of
rate relevant to the mining method and expected production
rates.
Open Pit Methodology
Ore Reserves are based on pit designs – with appropriate
modifications to the original Whittle Shell outlines to ensure
compliance with practical mining parameters.
Geotechnical parameters aligned to the open pit Ore Reserves are
either based on observed existing pit shape specifics or domain
specific expectations / assumptions. Various geotechnical reports
and retrospective reconciliations were considered in the design
parameters.
Dilution of the ore through the mining process has been
accounted for within the Ore Reserve inventory. These ratios are
used to represent the style of mineralisation and mining method
applied during the mine planning process. These modifying factors
are determined from various lithological, geotechnical, and
hydrogeoogical data .
Minimum mining widths have been accounted for in the designs,
with the utilisation of 40t or 90t trucking parameters depending
upon the size of the pit excavation.
No specific ground support requirements are needed outside of
suitable pit slope design criteria based on specific geotechnical
domains.
Mining sequence is included in the mine scheduling process for
determining the economic evaluation and takes into account
available operating time and mining equipment size and
performance.
No Inferred material is included within the open pit statement,
though in various pit shapes Inferred material is present. In these
situations this Inferred material is classified as waste.
Underground Methodology
All underground Ore Reserves are based on 3D design strings and
polygon derived stope shapes following the Measured and Indicated
Mineral Resource Estimates (in areas above the Mine Operating COG).
A complete mine schedule is then derived from this design to create
a Life of Mine plan and financial analysis.
Mining heights and widths are based on first principles and
standardised mining methods employed widely throughout Western Australia.
Geotechnical evaluations have been used in determining the size
and filling methodologies alongside the mine sequence and
fundamental geotechnical parameters. Subsequent costs associated
with these methods have been included within the study and
budgeting formats.
In large, disseminated orebodies sub level caving, sub level
open stoping or single level bench stoping production methodologies
are used. In narrow vein laminated quartz hosted domains, a
conservative narrow bench style mining method is used. In narrow
flat dipping deposits, a flat long hole process is adopted (with
fillets in the footwall for rill angle) and or jumbo stoping.
Stope shape parameters have been based on historical data (where
possible) or expected stable hydraulic radius dimensions derived
from the first principles geotechnical data.
Modifying factors such as (but not limited to) minimum mining
widths, dilution, and ore recovery are relevant to the style of
mineralisation, ground conditions and, where appropriate,
historical information.
Stope shape dimensions vary between the various methods. Default
hydraulic radii (HR) are applied to each method and are derived
either from historical production or geotechnical reports /
recommendations. Where no data or exposure is available
conservative HR values are used based on the contact domain
type.
Mining sequence is included in the mine scheduling process for
determining the economic evaluation and takes into account
available operating time and mining equipment size and
performance.
Figure 14 – Big Bell Life of Mine
Schematic FY25.
Figure 15 – Fender Life of Mine Schematic
FY25.
Figure 16 – Great Fingall Life of Mine
Schematic FY25.
Figure 17 – Bluebird - South Junction Life
of Mine Schematic FY25.
Figure 18 – Starlight Life of Mine
Schematic FY25.
Figure 19 – Beta Hunt Life of Mine
Schematic FY25.
Additional detailed
information relating to generation of the Ore
Reserves is attached in
Appendix B Table 1 – JORC 2012 Reporting Criteria.
This announcement is authorised for release by the Board of
Directors.
Competent/Qualified Person Statements
Exploration Results and Mineral Resources Estimates
The information in this release that relates to exploration
results and Mineral Resource Estimates is compiled by Westgold
technical employees and contractors under the supervision of Mr.
Jake Russell B.Sc. (Hons), who is a
member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists and who has
verified, reviewed and approved such information. Mr Russell is a
full-time employee of the Company and has sufficient experience
which is relevant to the styles of mineralisation and types of
deposit under consideration and to the activities which he is
undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012
Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration
Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the "JORC Code") and
as a Qualified Person as defined in the CIM Guidelines and National
Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects
("NI 43-101"). Mr. Russell is an employee of the Company and,
accordingly, is not independent for purposes of NI 43-101. Mr
Russell consents to and approves the inclusion in this release of
the matters based on his information in the form and context in
which it appears. Mr Russell is eligible to participate in short-
and long-term incentive plans of the company.
The updated MRE has an effective date of 30 June 20246 and was
completed by Westgold technical employees and contractors under the
supervision of Mr Jake Russell. The
key inputs and assumptions are provided in Appendix C to this
release including Section 1 – Sampling Techniques and Data, Section
2 – Reporting of Exploration Results, Section 3 – Estimation and
Reporting of Mineral Resources and Section 4 – Estimation and
Reporting of Ore Reserves.
Ore Reserves
The information in this release that relates to Ore Reserve is
based on information compiled by Mr. Leigh
Devlin B.Eng. FAusIMM, who has verified, reviewed and
approved such information. Mr. Devlin has sufficient experience
which is relevant to the styles of mineralisation and types of
deposit under consideration and to the activities which they are
undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the JORC
Code and as a Qualified Person as defined in the CIM Guidelines and
NI 43-101. Mr. Devlin is an employee of the Company and,
accordingly, is not independent for purposes of NI 43-101. Mr.
Devlin consents to and approves the inclusion in this release of
the matters based on his information in the form and context in
which it appears. Mr. Devlin is a full-time senior executive of the
Company and is eligible to and may participate in short-term and
long-term incentive plans of the Company as disclosed in its annual
reports and disclosure documents.
|
____________________________________
|
|
6 Southern
Goldfields Reserves and Resources are as at 1 August 2024,
corresponding to the merger completion
|
General
Mineral Resources, Ore Reserve Estimates and Exploration Targets
and Results are calculated in accordance with the JORC Code.
Investors outside Australia should
note that while Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource estimates of the
Company in this announcement comply with the JORC Code (such JORC
Code-compliant Ore Reserves and Mineral Resources being "Ore
Reserves" and "Mineral Resources" respectively), they may not
comply with the relevant guidelines in other countries. The JORC
Code is an acceptable foreign code under NI 43-101. Information
contained in this announcement describing mineral deposits may not
be comparable to similar information made public by companies
subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements of US
securities laws, including Item 1300 of Regulation S-K. All
technical and scientific information in this release has been
prepared in accordance with the Canadian regulatory requirements
set out in NI 43-101 and has been reviewed on behalf of the Company
by Qualified Persons, as set forth above.
This release contains references to estimates of Mineral
Resources and Ore Reserves. The estimation of Mineral Resources is
inherently uncertain and involves subjective judgments about many
relevant factors. Mineral Resources that are not Ore Reserves do
not have demonstrated economic viability. The accuracy of any such
estimates is a function of the quantity and quality of available
data, and of the assumptions made and judgments used in engineering
and geological interpretation, which may prove to be unreliable and
depend, to a certain extent, upon the analysis of drilling results
and statistical inferences that may ultimately prove to be
inaccurate. Mineral Resource estimates may require re-estimation
based on, among other things: (i) fluctuations in the price of
gold; (ii) results of drilling; (iii) results of metallurgical
testing, process and other studies; (iv) changes to proposed mine
plans; (v) the evaluation of mine plans subsequent to the date of
any estimates; and (vi) the possible failure to receive required
permits, approvals and licenses.
Technical Reports
Westgolds prepared the following NI 43-101 compliant technical
reports which support the information contained herein, each of
which is available under Westgold's profile on SEDAR+ at
www.sedarplus.ca:
- "NI 43-101 Technical Report, Fortnum Gold
Operations, Bryah Goldfield, Western
Australia" dated effective June 30,
2023, addressed to Westgold;
- "NI 43-101 Technical Report Higginsville-Lakewood
Operation, Eastern Goldfields, Western
Australia" dated effective September
30, 2023, addressed to Karora;
- "NI 43-101 Technical Report Beta Hunt Operation,
Eastern Goldfields, Western
Australia" dated effective September
30, 2023, addressed to Karora; and
- "NI 43-101 Technical Report, Cue Gold
Operations, Murchison Goldfields, Western Australia" dated effective
June 30, 2023, addressed to
Westgold.
- "NI 43-101 Technical Report, Meekatharra Gold Operations,
Murchison Goldfields, Western Australia" dated effective
June 30, 2023, addressed to
Westgold.
Reference should be made to the full text of the foregoing
technical reports for the assumptions, qualifications and
limitations relating to the Mineral Resource Estimates and Ore
Reserves contained therein and herein.
Forward Looking Statements
These materials prepared by Westgold Resources Limited include
forward looking statements. Often, but not always, forward looking
statements can generally be identified by the use of forward
looking words such as "may", "will", "expect", "intend", "believe",
"forecast", "predict", "plan", "estimate", "anticipate",
"continue", and "guidance", or other similar words and may include,
without limitation, statements regarding plans, strategies and
objectives of management, anticipated production or construction
commencement dates and expected costs or production outputs.
Forward looking statements inherently involve known and unknown
risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the Company's
actual results, performance and achievements to differ materially
from any future results, performance or achievements. Relevant
factors may include, but are not limited to, changes in commodity
prices, foreign exchange fluctuations and general economic
conditions, increased costs and demand for production inputs, the
speculative nature of exploration and project development,
including the risks of obtaining necessary licenses and permits and
diminishing quantities or grades of reserves, political and social
risks, changes to the regulatory framework within which the Company
operates or may in the future operate, environmental conditions
including extreme weather conditions, recruitment and retention of
personnel, industrial relations issues and litigation.
Forward looking statements are based on the Company and its
management's good faith assumptions relating to the financial,
market, regulatory and other relevant environments that will exist
and affect the Company's business and operations in the future. The
Company does not give any assurance that the assumptions on which
forward looking statements are based will prove to be correct, or
that the Company's business or operations will not be affected in
any material manner by these or other factors not foreseen or
foreseeable by the Company or management or beyond the Company's
control.
Although the Company attempts and has attempted to identify
factors that would cause actual actions, events or results to
differ materially from those disclosed in forward looking
statements, there may be other factors that could cause actual
results, performance, achievements or events not to be as
anticipated, estimated or intended, and many events are beyond the
reasonable control of the Company. In addition, the Company's
actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in
these forward looking statements as a result of the factors
outlined in the "Risk Factors" section of the Company's continuous
disclosure filings available on SEDAR+ or the ASX, including, in
the Company's current annual report, half year report or most
recent management discussion and analysis.
Accordingly, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance
on forward looking statements. Forward looking statements in these
materials speak only at the date of issue. Subject to any
continuing obligations under applicable law or any relevant stock
exchange listing rules, in providing this information the Company
does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any
of the forward-looking statements or to advise of any change in
events, conditions or circumstances.
Appendix A – Previously Reported Significant Intersections
Depicted in Release.
Mine
|
Hole
|
Collar N
|
Collar E
|
Collar RL
|
Intercept (Downhole)
|
From (m)
|
Dip
|
Azi
|
Big Bell
|
22BBDD0116B
|
6,978,073
|
564,954
|
-227
|
24.5m at 3.31g/t
Au
|
543.0
|
-60.0
|
124.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.2m at 2.51g/t
Au
|
572.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7m at 7.91g/t
Au
|
585.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11m at 3.37g/t
Au
|
602.0
|
|
|
|
24BBDD0026
|
6,977,668
|
564,658
|
-212
|
5.5m at 1.31g/t
Au
|
129.0
|
8.0
|
122.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.9m at 3.81g/t
Au
|
143.0
|
|
|
Fender
|
24FNDD0017
|
6,975,285
|
562,807
|
298
|
11.29m at 4.3g/t
Au
|
45.0
|
-15.0
|
149.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.5m at 2.7g/t
Au
|
59.0
|
|
|
|
24FNDD0022
|
6,975,376
|
562,831
|
316
|
4.05m at 1.9g/t
Au
|
131.0
|
-26.0
|
64.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.95m at 5.89g/t
Au
|
141.0
|
|
|
Great
Fingall
|
23GFDD001_W1
|
6,961,854
|
584,360
|
428
|
1.30m at 12.15g/t
Au
|
827.0
|
-75.5
|
302.2
|
|
23GFDD001_W2
|
6,961,854
|
584,360
|
428
|
1.93m at 6.37g/t
Au
|
787.8
|
-75.5
|
302.2
|
|
23GFDD001_W3
|
6,961,854
|
584,360
|
428
|
9.66m at 4.38g/t
Au
|
793.0
|
-75.5
|
302.2
|
|
23GFDD001_W4
|
6,961,854
|
584,360
|
428
|
2.30m at 4.56g/t
Au
|
886.7
|
-75.5
|
302.2
|
|
23GFDD002_W1
|
6,961,960
|
584,294
|
428
|
15.12m at 4.31g/t
Au
|
796.8
|
-76.0
|
301.0
|
|
23GFDD002_W2
|
6,961,960
|
584,294
|
428
|
2.40 m at 8.15g/t
Au
|
798.1
|
-76.0
|
301.0
|
Bluebird
|
24BLDD095
|
7,043,757
|
641,489
|
96
|
9.25m at 3.79g/t
Au
|
122.0
|
-22.0
|
67.0
|
South
Junction
|
24BLDD064
|
7,043,673
|
641,491
|
100
|
3.07m at 2.30g/t
Au
|
15.0
|
-47.0
|
101.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
1m at 6.37g/t
Au
|
41.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.37m at 5.55g/t
Au
|
122.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.5m at 4.62g/t
Au
|
158.0
|
|
|
|
24BLDD066
|
|
|
|
4.6m at 3.79g/t
Au
|
21.0
|
-53.0
|
113.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
22.8m at 1.25g/t
Au
|
173.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.82m at 3.09g/t
Au
|
210.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.9m at 3.65g/t
Au
|
293.0
|
|
|
|
24SJDD021_W2
|
|
|
|
5.79m at 2.39g/t
Au
|
541.7
|
-65.0
|
294.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.70m at 4.58g/t
Au
|
550.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20.94m at 6.74g/t
Au
|
681.9
|
|
|
Starlight
|
WB1270RD02
|
7,199,084
|
636,633
|
277
|
4.65m at 3.93 g/t
Au
|
151.0
|
-4.0
|
336.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
3m at 8.16 g/t
Au
|
163.0
|
|
|
|
WB1270RD17
|
7,199,083
|
636,632
|
276
|
2.2m at 27.35 g/t
Au
|
72.4
|
-33.8
|
306.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.6m at 6.83 g/t
Au
|
83.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4m at 5.35 g/t
Au
|
141.0
|
|
|
|
NF1140GC127
|
7,199,075
|
636,533
|
145
|
9.95m at 10.8g/t
Au
|
69.0
|
-45.0
|
72.0
|
|
NF1140GC129
|
7,199,075
|
636,533
|
145
|
19.21m at 6.1g/t
Au
|
66.0
|
-51.0
|
88.0
|
Beta Hunt
|
WF440N1-01AR
|
6,543,787
|
375,045
|
-439
|
5.00m at 2.78 g/t
Au
|
-
|
-14.3
|
254.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 7.00 g/t
Au
|
54.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00m at 4.14 g/t
Au
|
304.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.65m at 7.71 g/t
Au
|
333.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.00m at 5.26 g/t
Au
|
342.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 3.24 g/t
Au
|
353.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.12m at 7.52 g/t
Au
|
370.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.55m at 7.92 g/t
Au
|
398.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.45m at 2.65 g/t
Au
|
411.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 22.45 g/t
Au
|
421.0
|
|
|
|
WF440N1-02AR
|
6,543,787
|
375,045
|
-439
|
4.00m at 3.86 g/t
Au
|
-
|
-22.2
|
254.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 1.53 g/t
Au
|
52.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.45m at 2.86 g/t
Au
|
370.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.20m at 10.13 g/t
Au
|
433.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 2.32 g/t
Au
|
442.0
|
|
|
|
WF440N1-03AR
|
6,543,787
|
375,045
|
-439
|
7.00m at 2.67 g/t
Au
|
-
|
-29.1
|
254.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 3.51 g/t
Au
|
433.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 5.17 g/t
Au
|
442.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.00m at 3.36 g/t
Au
|
497.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.00m at 3.07 g/t
Au
|
507.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00m at 2.83 g/t
Au
|
667.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.20m at 3.50 g/t
Au
|
684.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.05m at 1.97 g/t
Au
|
688.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 5.01 g/t
Au
|
740.0
|
|
|
|
WF440N1-04AE
|
6,543,787
|
375,045
|
-437
|
6.00m at 6.39 g/t
Au
|
-
|
-19.5
|
263.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 3.49 g/t
Au
|
77.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 1.89 g/t
Au
|
435.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 8.21 g/t
Au
|
503.0
|
|
|
|
WF440N1-21AE
|
6,543,787
|
375,045
|
-437
|
7.00m at 3.20 g/t
Au
|
-
|
-21.6
|
254.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00m at 1.62 g/t
Au
|
50.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00m at 10.95 g/t
Au
|
368.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 7.17 g/t
Au
|
376.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 18.69 g/t
Au
|
389.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.00m at 7.97 g/t
Au
|
454.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 5.16 g/t
Au
|
573.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.90m at 1.73 g/t
Au
|
588.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 1.24 g/t
Au
|
596.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.20m at 3.81 g/t
Au
|
631.8
|
|
|
|
WF440DD-11AR
|
6,543,666
|
375,051
|
-433
|
1.00m at 2.41 g/t
Au
|
206.0
|
-19.0
|
232.8
|
|
WF380ACC-10AE
|
6,543,686
|
375,115
|
-376
|
5.00m at 2.62g/t
Au
|
326.0
|
-38.4
|
244.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.65m at 2.98g/t
Au
|
431.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 7.07g/t
Au
|
532.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 5.03g/t
Au
|
563.0
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-12AE_W
|
6,543,686
|
375,115
|
-376
|
3.00m at 4.43g/t
Au
|
549.0
|
-47.1
|
233.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.50m at 1.66g/t
Au
|
626.0
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-13AE
|
6,543,686
|
375,115
|
-376
|
8.00m at 6.16g/t
Au
|
289.0
|
-34.0
|
224.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 2.43g/t
Au
|
320.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.00m at 3.66g/t
Au
|
394.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 7.08g/t
Au
|
441.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 19.85g/t
Au
|
452.0
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-14AE
|
6,543,686
|
375,115
|
-376
|
3.64m at 5.05g/t
Au
|
204.4
|
-40.8
|
224.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.00m at 1.80g/t
Au
|
353.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 11.82g/t
Au
|
371.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00m at 2.22g/t
Au
|
376.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 3.94g/t
Au
|
385.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 8.93g/t
Au
|
534.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 5.44g/t
Au
|
597.0
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-15AE
|
6,543,686
|
375,114
|
-375
|
3.00m at 4.28g/t
Au
|
334.0
|
-27.3
|
257.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.00m at 3.50g/t
Au
|
356.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 2.50g/t
Au
|
378.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.50m at 6.74g/t
Au
|
431.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.00m at 2.11g/t
Au
|
439.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.90m at 6.16g/t
Au
|
453.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.20m at 1.59g/t
Au
|
659.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.55m at 1.17g/t
Au
|
687.5
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-17AE
|
6,543,686
|
375,114
|
-375
|
12.00m at 3.48g/t
Au
|
366.0
|
-33.4
|
257.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
14.50m at 17.29g/t
Au
|
450.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00m at 1.90g/t
Au
|
580.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 3.05g/t
Au
|
595.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 1.60g/t
Au
|
616.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 10.10g/t
Au
|
634.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.00m at 5.30g/t
Au
|
772.0
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-09AE
|
6,543,684
|
375,115
|
-374
|
7.00m at 3.26g/t
Au
|
379.0
|
-32.2
|
245.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.00m at 4.99g/t
Au
|
404.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33.00m at 3.78/t
Au
|
418.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 3.48g/t
Au
|
462.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 4.18g/t
Au
|
473.0
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-12AE
|
6,543,684
|
375,115
|
-374
|
3.00m at 3.51g/t
Au
|
220.0
|
-47.1
|
233.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 6.20g/t
Au
|
364.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.78m at 3.85g/t
Au
|
453.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.33m at 15.21g/t
Au
|
473.7
|
|
|
|
WF380ACC-16AE
|
6,543,684
|
375,115
|
-374
|
2.00m at 34.59g/t
Au
|
262.0
|
-28.0
|
233.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.00m at 1.55g/t
Au
|
387.0
|
|
|
|
BF1730-22AE
|
6,543,246
|
375,359
|
-300
|
17.00m at 2.48g/t
Au
|
248.0
|
-39.1
|
265.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.12m at 4.78g/t
Au
|
348.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 3.89g/t
Au
|
405.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.50m at 2.13g/t
Au
|
442.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 2.60g/t
Au
|
497.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.00m at 3.13g/t
Au
|
522.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.00m at
3.79g/t
|
553.0
|
|
|
|
BF1730-23AE
|
6,543,247
|
375,358
|
-301
|
4.30 at 2.30g/t
Au
|
366.0
|
-42.8
|
253.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 7.87g/t
Au
|
409.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.31m at 3.42g/t
Au
|
454.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 1.47g/t
Au
|
479.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 6.16g/t
Au
|
500.0
|
|
|
|
BF1730-24AE
|
6,543,247
|
375,358
|
-301
|
3.00m at 17.95g/t
Au
|
192.0
|
-46.1
|
264.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.00m at 1.91g/t
Au
|
198.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 7.04g/t
Au
|
286.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.00m at 1.62g/t
Au
|
338.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.00m at 2.63g/t
Au
|
358.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 15.90g/t
Au
|
597.0
|
|
|
|
WF405ACC-48AE
|
6,543,695
|
375,109
|
-401
|
5.00m at 4.90g/t
Au
|
288.0
|
-29.5
|
231.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.0m at 4.75g/t
Au
|
298.0
|
|
|
|
WF405ACC-49AE
|
6,543,695
|
375,109
|
-401
|
1.00m at 13.61g/t
Au
|
6.0
|
-37.1
|
231.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.00m at 3.03g/t
Au
|
276.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.00m at 10.17g/t
Au
|
290.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 3.05g/t
Au
|
334.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 10.92g/t
Au
|
350.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
34.50m at 3.67g/t
Au
|
355.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 3.43g/t
Au
|
519.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 3.36g/t
Au
|
526.0
|
|
|
|
WF405ACC-50AE
|
6,543,694
|
375,109
|
-401
|
3.0m at 7.28g/t
Au
|
293.0
|
-28.4
|
214.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.0m at 2.17g/t
Au
|
444.0
|
|
|
|
BL1730-04AE
|
6,543,246
|
375,359
|
-300
|
1.00m at 3.78g/t
Au
|
184.0
|
-37.6
|
245.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 7.83g/t
Au
|
296.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26.00m at 6.5g/t
Au
|
353.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inc. 6.00m at 9.85g/t
Au
|
353.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.50m at 7.30g/t
Au
|
417.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.00m at 25.22g/t
Au
|
446.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inc. 0.70m at 262g/t
Au
|
451.0
|
|
|
|
WF405SOD-01AE
|
6,543,631
|
375,234
|
-400
|
9.00m at 3.32g/t
Au
|
304.0
|
-33.5
|
231.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.50m at 3.56g/t
Au
|
348.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.47m at 2.46g/t
Au
|
522.5
|
|
|
|
WF405SOD-51AE
|
6,543,632
|
375,234
|
-400
|
6.00m at 3.20g/t
Au
|
50.0
|
-21.6
|
217.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.00m at1.72g/t
Au
|
378.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.00m at 4.09g/t
Au
|
429.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19.00m at 2.89g/t
Au
|
484.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29.00m at 3.01g/t
Au
|
507.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.88m at 11.75g/t
Au
|
549.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.50m at 7.05g/t
Au
|
556.0
|
|
|
|
WF405SOD-52AE
|
6,543,632
|
375,234
|
-400
|
2.00m at11.19g/t
Au
|
280.0
|
-29.8
|
217.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 2.82g/t
Au
|
294.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.00m at 2.80g/t
Au
|
332.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.00m at 4.73g/t
Au
|
385.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 7.36g/t
Au
|
507.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00m at 5.02g/t
Au
|
513.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.00m at 2.20g/t
Au
|
556.0
|
|
|
|
FZ350-001
|
6,543,915
|
374,830
|
-348
|
7.31m at 3.02g/t
Au
|
24.9
|
-42
|
250
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 5.60g/t
Au
|
574.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00m at 2.21g/t
Au
|
614.0
|
|
|
|
AF18LV-07AE
|
6,544,420
|
374,623
|
-267
|
8.50m at 5.47g/t
Au
|
116.0
|
-31.5
|
249.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.50m at 1.84g/t
Au
|
132.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.50m at 3.31g/t
Au
|
578.5
|
|
|
|
AF18LV-16AE
|
6,544,419
|
374,624
|
-267
|
0.50m at 6.99g/t
Au
|
124.0
|
-30.6
|
221.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.00m at 1.97g/t
Au
|
129.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.00m at 11.05g/t
Au
|
138.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.40m at 5.99g/t
Au
|
144.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.75m at 18.55g/t
Au
|
545.0
|
|
|
|
WF14-98
|
6,543,955
|
375,125
|
-188
|
3.90m at 2.12g/t
Au
|
53.1
|
-29.5
|
262.2
|
Appendix B – JORC 2012 Table 1– Gold Division
SECTION 1: SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Sampling techniques
Drilling
techniques
Drill sample
recovery
|
- Nature and quality
of sampling (e.g. cut channels, random chips, or
specific specialised industry standard measurement tools
appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down
hole
gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc.). These
examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of
sampling.
- Include reference
to measures taken to ensure sample
representivity and the appropriate calibration of any
measurement
tools or systems used.
- Aspects of the
determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public
Report.
- In cases where
'industry standard' work has been done this would
be relatively simple (e.g. 'reverse circulation drilling was used
to
obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a
30
g charge for fire assay'). In other cases more explanation may
be
required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent
sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types
(e.g. submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed
information.
- Drill type (e.g.
core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary
air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core
diameter,
triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit
or
other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method,
etc.).
- Method of recording
and assessing core and chip sample recoveries
and results assessed.
- Measures taken to
maximise sample recovery and ensure
representative nature of the samples.
- Whether a
relationship exists between sample recovery and grade
and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential
loss/gain of fine/coarse material.
|
A significant portion
of the data used in resource calculations has been gathered from
diamond
core. Multiple sizes have been used historically. This core is
geologically logged and subsequently
halved for sampling. Grade control holes may be whole-cored to
streamline the core handling
process if required.
At each of the major
past and current underground producers, each development face /
round is
horizontally chip sampled. The sampling intervals are domained by
geological constraints (e.g. rock
type, veining and alteration / sulphidation etc.). The majority of
exposures within the orebody are
sampled.
Sludge drilling at is
performed with an underground production drill rig. It is an open
hole drilling
method using water as the flushing medium, with a 64mm (nominal)
hole diameter. Sample
intervals are ostensibly the length of the drill steel. Holes are
drilled at sufficient angles to allow
flushing of the hole with water following each interval to prevent
contamination. Sludge drilling is
not used to inform resource models.
Drill cuttings are
extracted from the RC return via cyclone. The underflow from each
interval is
transferred via bucket to a four-tiered riffle splitter, delivering
approximately three kilograms of the
recovered material into calico bags for analysis. The residual
material is retained on the ground near
the hole. Composite samples are obtained from the residue material
for initial analysis, with the
split samples remaining with the individual residual piles until
required for re-split analysis or
eventual disposal.
Combined scoops from
bucket dumps from cyclone for composite. Split samples taken
from
individual bucket dumps via scoop. RAB holes are not included in
the resource estimate.
Cuttings sampled via
splitter tray per individual drill rod. Blast holes not included in
the resource
estimate.
All geology input is
logged and validated by the relevant area geologists, incorporated
into this is
assessment of sample recovery. No defined relationship exists
between sample recovery and
grade. Nor has sample bias due to preferential loss or gain of fine
or coarse material been noted.
|
Logging
|
- Whether core and
chip samples have been geologically and
geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support
appropriate
Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical
studies.
- Whether logging is
qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or
costean, channel, etc.) photography.
- The total length
and percentage of the relevant intersections logged
|
- Westgold surface
drill-holes are all orientated and have been logged in detail for
geology,
veining, alteration, mineralisation and orientated structure.
Westgold underground drill-
holes are logged in detail for geology, veining, alteration,
mineralisation and structure. Core
has been logged in enough detail to allow for the relevant mineral
resource estimation
techniques to be employed.
- Surface core is
photographed both wet and dry and underground core is photographed
wet.
All photos are stored on the Company's servers, with the
photographs from each hole
contained within separate folders.
- Development faces
are mapped geologically.
- RC, RAB and Aircore
chips are geologically logged.
- Sludge drilling is
logged for lithology, mineralisation and vein
percentage.
- Logging is both
qualitative and quantitative in nature.
- All holes are
logged completely, all faces are mapped completely.
|
Sub-sampling techniques
and sample preparation
|
- If core, whether
cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core
taken.
- If non-core,
whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc. and
whether sampled wet or dry.
- For all sample
types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the
sample preparation technique.
- Quality control
procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to
maximise representivity of samples.
- Measures taken to
ensure that the sampling is representative of the
in-situ material collected, including for instance results for
field
duplicate/second-half sampling.
- Whether sample
sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the
material being sampled.
|
- Blast holes
-Sampled via splitter tray per individual drill rods.
- RAB / AC chips -
Combined scoops from bucket dumps from cyclone for composite.
Split
samples taken from individual bucket dumps via scoop.
- RC - Three tier
riffle splitter (approximately 5kg sample). Samples generally
dry.
- Face Chips -
Nominally chipped horizontally across the face from left to right,
sub-set via
geological features as appropriate.
- Diamond Drilling -
Half-core niche samples, sub-set via geological features as
appropriate.
Grade control holes may be whole-cored to streamline the core
handling process if required.
- Chips / core chips
undergo total preparation.
- Samples undergo
fine pulverisation of the entire sample by an LM5 type mill to
achieve a 75µ
product prior to splitting.
- QA/QC is currently
ensured during the sub-sampling stages process via the use of
the
systems of an independent NATA / ISO accredited laboratory
contractor. A significant portion
of the historical informing data has been processed by in-house
laboratories.
- The sample size is
considered appropriate for the grain size of the material being
sampled.
- The un-sampled half
of diamond core is retained for check sampling if required. For RC
chips
regular field duplicates are collected and analysed for significant
variance to primary results.
|
Quality of assay data and
laboratory tests
|
- The nature, quality
and appropriateness of the assaying and
laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is
considered partial or total.
- For geophysical
tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments,
etc., the parameters used in determining the analysis including
instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors
applied and their derivation, etc.
- Nature of quality
control procedures adopted (e.g. standards,
blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether
acceptable levels of accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision
have
been established.
|
- Recent sampling was
analysed by fire assay as outlined below;
- A 40g – 50g sample
undergoes fire assay lead collection followed by flame atomic
adsorption spectrometry.
- The laboratory
includes a minimum of 1 project standard with every 22 samples
analysed.
- Quality control is
ensured via the use of standards, blanks and
duplicates.
- No significant
QA/QC issues have arisen in recent drilling results.
- Photon Assay was
introduced in 2023 for Beta Hunt grade control samples.
PhotonAssay™
technology (Chrysos Corporation Limited) is a rapid,
non-destructive analysis of gold and
other elements in mineral samples. It is based on the principle of
gamma activation, which
uses high energy x-rays to excite changes to the nuclear structure
of selected elements. The
decay is then measured to give a gold analysis. Each sample is run
through two cycles with a
radiation time of 15s. This methodology is insensitive to material
type and thus does not r
equire fluxing chemicals as in the fire assay methodology.
Highlights of the PhotonAssay™
process are as follows:
- The process is
non-destructive; the same sample accuracy can be determined by
repeat measurements of the same sample. In addition, the instrument
runs a precision
analysis for each sample relating to the instrument
precision
- The process allows
for an increased sample size, about 500 g of crushed
product.
- The crushed
material is not pulverised, as in the fire assay process; this
ensures that gold is
not smeared or lost during pulverisation (especially important if
there is an expectation of
visible gold that is being analysed)
- Historical drilling
has used a combination of Fire Assay, Aqua Regia and PAL
analysis.
- These assay
methodologies are appropriate for the resources in
question.
|
Verification of sampling and
assaying
|
- The verification of
significant intersections by either independent or
alternative company personnel.
- The use of twinned
holes.
- Documentation of
primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data
storage (physical and electronic) protocols.
- Discuss any
adjustment to assay data.
|
- No independent or
alternative verifications are available.
- Virtual twinned
holes have been drilled in several instances across all sites with
no significant
issues highlighted. Drillhole data is also routinely confirmed by
development assay data in
the operating environment.
- Primary data is
collected utilising LogChief. The information is imported into a
SQL database
server and verified.
- All data used in
the calculation of resources and reserves are compiled in
databases
(underground and open pit) which are overseen and validated by
senior geologists.
- No adjustments have
been made to any assay data.
|
Location of data points
|
- Accuracy and
quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and
down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations
used in Mineral Resource estimation.
- Specification of
the grid system used.
- Quality and
adequacy of topographic control.
|
- All data is
spatially oriented by survey controls via direct pickups by the
survey department.
Drillholes are all surveyed downhole, deeper holes with a Gyro tool
if required, the majority
with single / multishot cameras.
- All drilling and
resource estimation is preferentially undertaken in local mine grid
at the
various sites.
- Topographic control
is generated from a combination of remote sensing methods and
ground-based surveys. This methodology is adequate for the
resources in question.
|
Data spacing and distribution
|
- Data spacing for
reporting of Exploration Results.
- Whether the data
spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish
the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for
the
Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and
classifications applied.
- Whether sample
compositing has been applied.
|
- Data spacing is
variable dependent upon the individual orebody under consideration.
A
lengthy history of mining has shown that this approach is
appropriate for the Mineral
Resource Estimation process and to allow for classification of the
resources as they stand.
- Compositing is
carried out based upon the modal sample length of each individual
domain.
|
Orientation of data in relation
to geological structure
|
- Whether the
orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of
possible structures and the extent to which this is known,
considering the deposit type.
- If the relationship
between the drilling orientation and the
orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have
introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported
if
material.
|
- Drilling
intersections are nominally designed to be normal to the orebody as
far as
underground infrastructure constraints / topography
allows.
- Development
sampling is nominally undertaken normal to the various
orebodies.
- Where drilling
angles are sub optimal the number of samples per drill hole used in
the
estimation has been limited to reduce any potential
bias.
- It is not
considered that drilling orientation has introduced an appreciable
sampling bias.
|
Sample security
|
- The measures taken
to ensure sample security.
|
- For samples assayed
at on-site laboratory facilities, samples are delivered to the
facility by
Company staff. Upon delivery the responsibility for sample security
and storage falls to the
independent third-party operators of these facilities.
- For samples assayed
off-site, samples are delivered to a third-party transport service,
who in
turn relay them to the independent laboratory contractor. Samples
are stored securely until
they leave site.
|
Audits or reviews
|
- The results of any
audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data
|
- Site generated
resources and reserves and the parent geological data is routinely
reviewed
by the Westgold Corporate technical team.
|
SECTION 2: REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this
section.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Mineral tenement and land
tenure status
|
- Type, reference
name/number, location and ownership including
agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint
ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title
interests,
historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental
settings.
- The security of the
tenure held at the time of reporting along with any
known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the
area.
|
- Native title
interests are recorded against several WGX
tenements.
- The CMGP
tenements are held by the Big Bell Gold Operations (BBGO) of which
Westgold has 100% ownership.
- Several third-party
royalties exist across various tenements at CMGP, over and
above the state government royalty.
- The Fortnum Gold
Project tenure is 100% owned by Westgold through subsidiary
company Aragon Resources Pty. Ltd.
Various Royalties apply to the package. The most pertinent
being;
- State Government –
2.5% NSR
- Beta Hunt is owned
by Westgold through a sub-lease agreement with St Ives Gold
Mining Company Pty Ltd (SIGMC),
which gives Westgold the right to explore and mine gold and
nickel.
- Royalties on gold
production from Beta Hunt are as follows:
- A royalty to the
state government equal to 2.5% of the royalty value of gold metal
produced; and
- Royalties to third
parties equal to 4.75% of recovered gold less allowable
deductions.
- The Higginsville-Lakewood Operations include the
Higginsville and Lakewood Mills and associated infrastructure,
mining
operations and exploration prospects which are located on 242
tenements owned by Westgold and covers approximately 1,800km2
total area.
- Royalties on
the HGO gold production are as follows:
- Production payments
of up to 1% of gross gold revenue over various tenements to
traditional land owners.
- Royalty equal to
2.5% of recovered gold to the Government of Western Australia;
and
- Various third
parties hold rights to receive royalties in respect of gold (and in
some cases other minerals or metals)
recovered from the tenements.
- The tenure is
currently in good standing.
- There are no known
issues regarding security of tenure.
- There are no known
impediments to continued operation.
- WGX operates in
accordance with all environmental conditions set down as conditions
for grant of the leases.
|
Exploration done by other parties
|
- Acknowledgment and
appraisal of exploration by other parties
|
- The CMGP
tenements have an exploration and production history in excess of
100 years.
- The FGO
tenements have an exploration and production history in excess of
30 years.
- BHO tenements have
an exploration and production history in excess of 60
years.
- HGO tenements have
an exploration and production history in excess of 40
years.
- Westgold work has
generally confirmed the veracity of historic exploration
data.
|
Geology
|
- Deposit type,
geological setting and style of mineralisation.
|
BHO
- Beta Hunt is
situated within the central portion of the Norseman-Wiluna
greenstone belt in a
sequence of mafic/ultramafic and felsic rocks on the southwest
flank of the Kambalda Dome.
- Gold mineralsation occurs mainly in subvertical
shear zones in the Lunnon Basalt and is
characterised by shear and extensional quartz veining within a halo
of biotite/pyrite alteration.
Within these shear zones, coarse gold sometimes occurs where the
shear zones intersect iron-
rich sulphidic metasediments in the Lunnon Basalt or nickel
sulphides at the base of the
Kambalda Komatiite (ultramafics). The mineralised shears are
represented by A-Zone, Western
Flanks, Larkin and Mason zones.
|
|
|
CGO
- CGO is located in
the Achaean Murchison Province, a granite-greenstone terrane in
the
northwest of the Yilgarn Craton. Greenstone belts trending
north-northeast are separated by
granite-gneiss domes, with smaller granite plutons also present
within or on the margins of
the belts.
- Mineralisation at
Big Bell is hosted in the shear zone (Mine Sequence) and is
associated with
the post-peak metamorphic retrograde assemblages. Stibnite, native
antimony and trace
arsenopyrite are disseminated through the K-feldspar-rich lode
schist. These are intergrown
with pyrite and pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. Mineralisation outside
the typical Big Bell host
rocks (KPSH), for example 1,600N and Shocker, also display a very
strong W-As-Sb
geochemical halo.
- Numerous gold
deposits occur within the Cuddingwarra Project area, the majority
of which
are hosted within the central mafic-ultramafic ± felsic porphyry
sequence. Within this broad
framework, mineralisation is shown to be spatially controlled by
competency contrasts
across, and flexures along, layer-parallel D2 shear zones, and is
maximised when transected
by corridors of northeast striking D3 faults and
fractures.
- The Great Fingall
Dolerite hosts the majority gold mineralisation within the portion
of the
greenstone belt proximal to Cue (The Day Dawn Project Area). Unit
AGF3 is the most brittle of
all the five units and this characteristic is responsible for its
role as the most favourable
lithological host to gold mineralisation in the Greenstone
Belt.
|
|
|
FGO
- The Fortnum
deposits are Paleoproterozoic shear-hosted gold deposits
within the Fortnum
Wedge, a localised thrust duplex of Narracoota Formation within the
overlying Ravelstone
Formation. Both stratigraphic formations comprise part of the Bryah
Basin in the Capricorn
Orogen, Western Australia.
- The
Horseshoe Cassidy deposits are hosted within the Ravelstone
Formation (siltstone and
argillite) and Narracoota Formation (highly altered, moderate to
strongly deformed mafic to
ultramafic rocks). The main zone of mineralisation is developed
within a horizon of highly
altered magnesian basalt. Gold mineralisation is associated with
strong vein stock works
that are confined to the altered mafic. Alteration consists of two
types: stockwork proximal
silica-carbonate-fuchsite-haematite-pyrite and distal
silica-haematite-carbonate+/-
chlorite.
- The Peak Hill
district represents remnants of a Proterozoic fold belt
comprising highly
deformed trough and shelf sediments and mafic / ultramafic
volcanics, which are generally
moderately metamorphosed (except for the Peak Hill Metamorphic
Suite).
|
|
|
HGO
- The Higginsville Gold Operation is located in
the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane of the
Archean Yilgarn Craton. The bulk of the Higginsville tenement
package is located almost
entirely within the well-mineralised Kalgoorlie Terrane, between
the gold mining centres of
Norseman and St Ives. HGO can be sub-divided into seven major
geological domains: Trident
Line of Lode, Chalice, Lake Cowan, Southern Paleo-channels, Mt
Henry, Polar Bear Group
and Spargos Project area.
- Majority
of mineralisation along the Trident Line of Lode are hosted
within the Poseidon
gabbro and high-MgO dyke complexes in the south. The Poseidon
Gabbro is a thick, weakly-
differentiated gabbroic sill, which strikes north-south and dips
60° to the east, is over 500 m
thick and 2.5 km long. The mineralisation is hosted within or
marginal to quartz veining and is
structurally and lithologically controlled.
- The Chalice Deposit
is located within a north-south trending, 2 km to 3 km
wide greenstone
terrane, flanked on the west calc-alkaline granitic rocks of the
Boorabin Batholith and to the
east by the Pioneer Dome Batholith. The dominant unit that hosts
gold mineralisation is a fine
grained, weak to strongly foliated amphibole-plagioclase
amphibolite, with a typically
lepidoblastic (mineralogically aligned and banded) texture. It is
west-dipping and generally
steep, approximately 60° to 75°.
- The Lake Cowan
project area is situated near the centre of a regional anticline
between the
Zuleika and Lefroy faults, with the local geology of the area made
more complex by the
intrusion of the massive Proterozoic Binneringie dyke. The majority
of mineralisation at the
Lake Cowan Mining Centre is hosted within an enclave of Archaean
material surrounded by
the Binneringie dyke.
- Mineralised zones
within the Southern Paleo Channels network comprise both placer
gold,
normally near the base of the channel-fill sequences, and
chemically-precipitated
secondary gold within the channel-fill materials and underlying
saprolite. These gold
concentrations commonly overlie, or are adjacent to, primary
mineralised zones within
Archaean bedrock.
- The Mount Henry
Project covers 347km2 of the prolific South Norseman‐Wiluna
Greenstone
belt of the Eastern Goldfields in Western Australia. Although the
greenstone rocks from the
Norseman area can be broadly correlated with those of the
Kalgoorlie – Kambalda region they
form a distinct terrain which is bounded on all sides by major
regional shears. The Norseman
Terrane has prominent banded iron formations which distinguish it
from the Kalgoorlie–
Kambalda Terrane. The Mount Henry gold deposit is hosted by a
silicate facies BIF unit within
the Noganyer Formation. Gold mineralisation is predominantly hosted
by the silicate facies
BIF unit but is also associated with minor meta‐basalt and dolerite
units that were mostly
emplaced in the BIF prior to mineralisation. The footwall to the
BIF is characterised by a
sedimentary schistose unit and the hanging wall by the overlying
dolerites of the Woolyeener
Formation. The Mount Henry gold deposit is classified as an
Archean, orogenic shear hosted
deposit. The main lode is an elongated, shear‐hosted body, 1.9km
long by 6 – 10 metres wide
and dips 65‐75 degrees towards the west.
- The Polar Bear
project is situated within the Archaean Norseman-Wiluna Belt
which locally
includes basalts, komatiites, metasediments, and felsic
volcaniclastics. The primary gold
mineralisation is related to hydrothermal activity during multiple
deformation events.
Indications are that gold mineralisation is focused on or near to
the stratigraphic boundary
between the Killaloe and Buldania Formation.
- The Spargos
Project occurs within Coolgardie Domain of the Kalgoorlie Terrane.
The area is
bounded by the Zuleika Shear to the east and the Kunanalling Shear
to the west. The
geological setting comprises tightly-folded north-south striking
ultramafic and mafic
volcanic rocks at the northern closure Widgiemooltha Dome. The
project lies on the general
trend of the Kunanalling / Karramindie Shear corridor, a regional
shear zone that hosts
significant mineralisation to the north at Ghost Crab (Mount
Marion), Wattle Dam to the
south, the Penfolds group and Kunanalling. The regional prospective
Zuleika Shear lies to the
east of the project. The tenements are prospective for vein and
shear hosted gold deposits
as demonstrated by Spargos Reward and numerous other gold workings
and occurrences.
Gold mineralisation at Spargos Reward is hosted by a coarse-grained
pyrite-arsenopyrite
lode in quartz-sericite schists, between strongly biotitic altered
greywacke to the east
and quartz-sericite-fuchsite-pyrite altered felsic tuff to the
west. Gold mineralisation is
associated with very little quartz veining which is atypical for
many deposits in region. The
Spargos Reward setting has been described variously as a low-quartz
sulphidic mesothermal
gold system or as a Hemlo style syn-sedimentary
occurrence.
MGO
- MGO is located in
the Achaean Murchison Province, a granite-greenstone terrane in
the
northwest of the Yilgarn Craton. Greenstone belts trending
north-northeast are separated
by granite-gneiss domes, with smaller granite plutons also present
within or on the margins of
the belts.
- The Paddy's Flat
area is located on the western limb of a regional fold,
the Polelle Syn- cline,
within a sequence of mafic to ultramafic volcanics with minor
interflow sediments and
banded iron-formation. The sequence has also been intruded by
felsic porphyry dykes prior
to mineralisation. Mineralisation is located along four
sub-parallel trends at Paddy's Flat
which can be summarized as containing three dominant mineralisation
styles:
- Sulphide
replacement BIF hosted gold. Quartz vein hosted shear-related
gold.
- Quartz-carbonate-sulphide stockwork vein and
alteration related gold.
- The Yaloginda
area which host Bluebird – South Junction, is a gold-bearing
Archaean
greenstone belt situated ~15km south of Meekatharra. The deposits
in the area are hosted in
a strained and metamorphosed volcanic sequence that consists
primarily of ultramafic and
high-magnesium basalt with minor komatiite, peridotite, gabbro,
tholeiitic basalt and
interflow sediments. The sequence was intruded by a variety of
felsic porphyry and
intermediate sills and dykes.
- The Reedy's mining
district is located approximately 15 km to the south-east
to
Meekatharra and to the south of Lake Annean. The Reedy gold
deposits occur with- in a
north-south trending greenstone belt, two to five kilometres wide,
composed of volcano-
sedimentary sequences and separated multiphase syn- and
post-tectonic granitoid
complexes. Structurally controlled the gold occur.
|
Drill hole Information
|
- A summary of all
information material to the understanding of the
exploration results including a tabulation of the following
information for all Material drill holes:
- easting and
northing of the drill hole collar
- elevation
or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in
metres) of the drill hole collar
- dip and azimuth of
the hole
- down hole length
and interception depth
- hole
length.
- If the exclusion of
this information is justified on the basis that the
information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract
from
the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should
clearly explain why this is the case.
|
- Tables
containing drillhole collar, downhole survey and intersection
data are included in the
body of the announcement.
- No explorations
results are being reported for Beta Hunt and Higginsville
Operations.
|
Data aggregation methods
|
- In reporting
Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques,
maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g., cutting of high
grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be
stated.
- Where aggregate
intercepts incorporate short lengths of high-grade
results and longer lengths of low-grade results, the procedure
used
for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples
of such aggregations should be shown in detail.
- The assumptions
used for any reporting of metal equivalent values
should be clearly stated.
|
All results presented
are length weighted.
No high-grade cuts are
used.
Reported results
contain no more than two contiguous metres of internal dilution
below
0.5g/t. For Beta Hunt, a cut off of 1 g/t Au with maximum internal
waste of 2m is used to define
significant intercepts.
Results are reported
above a variety of gram / metre cut-offs dependent upon the
nature of
the hole. These are cut-offs are clearly stated in the relevant
tables.
Unless indicated to the
contrary, all results reported are downhole width.
Given restricted access
in the underground environment the majority of drillhole
intersections are not normal to the orebody.
|
Relationship between
mineralisation widths and
intercept lengths
|
- These relationships
are particularly important in the reporting of
Exploration Results.
- If the geometry of
the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole
angle is known, its nature should be reported.
- If it is not known
and only the down hole lengths are reported, there
should be a clear statement to this effect (e.g., 'down hole
length,
true width not known').
|
- Unless indicated to
the contrary, all results reported are downhole
width.
- Given restricted
access in the underground environment the majority
of drillhole
intersections are not normal to the orebody.
|
Diagrams
|
- Appropriate maps
and sections (with scales) and tabulations of
intercepts should be included for any significant discovery
being
reported These should include, but not be limited to a
plan view of
drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional
views.
|
- Appropriate
diagrams are provided in the body of the release if
required.
|
Balanced reporting
|
- Where comprehensive
reporting of all Exploration Results is not
practicable, representative reporting of both low and high
grades
and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting
of
Exploration Results.
|
- Appropriate balance
in exploration results reporting is provided.
|
Other substantive exploration
data
|
- Other exploration
data, if meaningful and material, should be
reported including (but not limited to): geological
observations;
geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk
samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test
results;
bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock
characteristics;
potential deleterious or contaminating substances.
|
- There is no other
substantive exploration data associated with this
release.
|
Further work
|
- The nature and
scale of planned further work (e.g. tests for lateral
extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out
drilling).
- Diagrams clearly
highlighting the areas of possible extensions,
including the main geological interpretations and future
drilling
areas, provided this information is not commercially
sensitive.
|
- Ongoing surface and
underground exploration activities will be undertaken to
support
continuing mining activities at Westgold Gold
Operations.
|
SECTION 3: ESTIMATION AND REPORTING
OF MINERAL RESOURCES
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section 2,
also apply to this section.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Database
integrity
|
- Measures taken to
ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for
example, transcription or keying errors, between its initial
collection and
its use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes.
- Data validation
procedures used.
|
- The database used
for the estimation was extracted from the Westgold's DataShed
database management system stored on a secure SQL
server.
- As new data is
acquired it passes through a validation approval system designed to
pick up
any significant errors before the information is loaded into the
master database.
|
Site
visits
|
- Comment on any site
visits undertaken by the Competent Person and
the outcome of those visits.
- If no site visits
have been undertaken indicate why this is the case.
|
- Mr. Russell visits
Westgold Gold Operations regularly.
|
Geological
interpretation
|
- Confidence in (or
conversely, the uncertainty of) the geological
interpretation of the mineral deposit.
- Nature of the data
used and of any assumptions made.
- The effect, if any,
of alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource
estimation.
- The use of geology
in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource
estimation.
- The factors
affecting continuity both of grade and geology.
|
- Mining in the
Murchison and Goldfields districts has occurred since 1800's
providing
significant confidence in the currently geological interpretation
across all projects.
- Confidence in the
geological interpretation at BHO is high. The current
geological
interpretation has been a precursor to successful mining over the
years and forms the basis
for the long-term life of mine plan (LOM). The data and assumptions
used do suggest that
any significant alternative geological interpretation is
unlikely.
- Geology
(lithological units, alterations, structure, veining) have been
used to guide and
control Mineral Resource estimation for Beta Hunt and
HGO
- No alternative
interpretations are currently considered viable.
- Geological
interpretation of the deposit was carried out using a systematic
approach to
ensure that the resultant estimated Mineral Resource figure was
both sufficiently
constrained, and representative of the expected sub-surface
conditions. In all aspects of
resource estimation the factual and interpreted geology was used to
guide the development
of the interpretation.
- Geological matrixes
were established to assist with interpretation and construction of
the
estimation domains.
- The structural
regime is the dominant control on geological and grade continuity
in the
Murchison and Goldfields. Lithological factors such as rheology
contrast are secondary controls on grade distribution.
- Low-grade
stockpiles are derived from previous mining of the mineralisation
styles outlined
above.
|
Dimensions
|
- The extent and
variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length
(along strike or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to
the
upper and lower limits of the ineral Resource.
|
BHO
- A-Zone extends over
2.2km strike length and is modelled to a vertical depth of 960m. It
has
variable thickness from 2m to 20m thick.
- Western Flanks has
a strike extent of 1.8km and is modelled to a vertical extent of
450m,
with average thickness of the shear around 10m.
- Larkin extends over
1.1km in strike length and is modelled to 400m vertical extent,
with
variable thickness ranging from 2m to 15m thick.
- Mason has a strike
extent of 1.1km and is modelled to 455m vertical extent with
variable
thickness between 7 to 15m.
CGO
- The Big Bell Trend
is mineralised a strike length of >3,900m, a lateral extent of
up +50m and
a depth of over 1,500m.
- Great Fingall is
mineralised a strike length of >500m, a lateral extent of
>600m and a depth
of over 800m.
- Black Swan South is
mineralised a strike length of >1,700m, a lateral extent of up
+75m and
a depth of over 300m.
FGO
- The Yarlarweelor
mineral resource extends over 1,400m in strike length, 570m in
lateral
extent and 190m in depth.
- The Tom's and Sam's
mineral resource extends over 650m in strike length, 400m in
lateral
extent and 130m in depth.
- The Eldorado
mineral resource extends over 240m in strike length, 100m in
lateral extent
and 100m in depth.
HGO
- Trident, Fairplay,
Vine and Two Boy's deposits form the Line of Lode system and
extends
over 5km of strike.
- Chalice
mineralisation has been defined over a strike length of 700m, a
lateral extent of
200m and a depth of 650m.
- The Pioneer
resource area extends over a strike length of 860m from 6,474,900mN
to
6,475,760mN. The multiple NS striking parallel lodes occur within a
narrow EW extent of
190m from 374,970mE to 375,160mE. Mineralisation has been modelled
from surface at
291mRL to a vertical depth 208m to the 83mRL.
-
- Southern
paleochannels gold mineralisation is interpreted to have a strike
length
around 4km and is predominantly flat lying.
- The Wills deposit
extends over 900m in a ENE-WSW direction and is up to 200m wide.
Pluto
is confirmed between sections 6,480,100mN and 6,481,800mN. Nanook
is confirmed
between sections 6,469,300mN and 6,472,500mN.
- Lake Cowan:
Atreides mineralisation is contained within flat lying lodes
located within the
weathered zone. The mineralision strike extents vary between 100m
to 300m long, with an
average thickness of 2 to 3 m thick. Josephine has a strike length
greater than 450m and
>10m across strike and modelled to >90m at depth. Louis has a
strike extent of 310m long
and is interpreted to a depth of 170m below surface. Napoleon:
~220m strike and up to
~90m (individual mineralised lodes maximum of 12m) across strike to
an interpreted depth
of ~80m m below surface. Rose's dimension is 150m x 120m (X, Y), to
an interpreted depth
of +20-25m below surface.
- The Spargos
resource area extends over a strike length of 330m from 6,542,980mN
to
6,543,310mN. The parallel lodes occur within a narrow EW extent of
95m from 354,120mE
to 354,215mE. Mineralisation has been modelled from surface at
425mRL to a vertical
depth 525m to -100mRL.
MGO
- The Paddy's Flat
Trend is mineralised a strike length of >3,900m, a lateral
extent of up
+230m and a depth of over 500m.
- Bluebird – South
Junction is mineralised a strike length of >1,800m, a lateral
extent of up
+50m and a depth of over 500m.
- Triton – South Emu
is mineralised a strike length of >1,100m, a lateral extent of
several
metres and a depth of over 500m.
STOCKPILES
- Low-grade
stockpiles are of various dimensions. All modelling and estimation
work
undertaken by Westgold is carried out in three dimensions via
Surpac Vision.
|
Estimation and
modelling techniques.
|
- The nature and
appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied
and key assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade
values,
domaining, interpolation parameters, maximum distance of
extrapolation from data points.
- The availability of
check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine
production records and whether the Mineral Resource estimate
takes
appropriate account of such data.
- The assumptions
made regarding recovery of by-products.
- Estimation of
deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of
economic significance (e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage
characterisation).
- In the case of
block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the
average sample spacing and the search employed.
- Any assumptions
behind modelling of selective mining units.
- Any assumptions
about correlation between variables.
- The process of
validation, the checking process used, the comparison
of model data to drillhole data, and use of reconciliation data
if available.
|
- After validating
the drillhole data to be used in the estimation, interpretation of
the orebody
is undertaken in sectional and / or plan view to create the outline
strings which form the
basis of the three-dimensional orebody wireframe. Wireframing is
then carried out using a
combination of automated stitching algorithms and manual
triangulation to create an
accurate three-dimensional representation of the sub-surface
mineralised body.
- Drillhole
intersections within the mineralised body are defined, these
intersections are then
used to flag the appropriate sections of the drillhole database
tables for compositing
purposes. Drillholes are subsequently composited to allow for grade
estimation. In all
aspects of resource estimation, the factual and interpreted geology
was used to guide the
development of the interpretation.
- Once the sample
data has been composited, a statistical analysis is undertaken to
assist
with determining estimation search parameters, top-cuts etc.
Variographic analysis of
individual domains is undertaken to assist with determining
appropriate search
parameters. Which are then incorporated with observed geological
and geometrical
features to determine the most appropriate search
parameters.
- An empty block
model is then created for the area of interest. This model contains
attributes
set at background values for the various elements of interest as
well as density, and various
estimation parameters that are subsequently used to assist in
resource categorisation. The
block sizes used in the model will vary depending on orebody
geometry, minimum mining
units, estimation parameters and levels of informing data
available.
- Grade estimation is
then undertaken, with ordinary kriging estimation method is
considered
as standard, although in some circumstances where sample
populations are small, or
domains are unable to be accurately defined, inverse distance
weighting estimation
techniques will be used. For very minor lodes, the respective
median or average grade is
assigned. Both by-product and deleterious elements are estimated at
the time of primary
grade estimation if required. It is assumed that by- products
correlate well with gold. There
are no assumptions made about the recovery of
by-products.
- The resource is
then depleted for mining voids and subsequently classified in line
with JORC
guidelines utilising a combination of various estimation derived
parameters and geological /
mining knowledge.
- This approach has
proven to be applicable to Westgold's gold assets.
- Estimation results
are routinely validated against primary input data, previous
estimates
and mining output.
- Good reconciliation
between mine claimed figures and milled figures are routinely
achieved
during production.
|
Moisture
|
- Whether the
tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural
moisture, and the method of determination of the moisture
content.
|
- Tonnage estimates
are dry tonnes.
|
Cut-off
parameters
|
- The basis of the
adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.
|
- The cut off grades
used for the reporting of the Mineral Resources have been selected
based
on the style of mineralisation, depth from surface of the
mineralisation and the most
probable extraction technique and associated costs.
|
Mining factors or
assumptions
|
- Assumptions made
regarding possible mining methods, minimum
mining dimensions and internal (or, if applicable, external)
mining
dilution. It is always necessary as part of the process of
determining
reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to
consider
potential mining methods, but the assumptions made regarding
mining
methods and parameters when estimating Mineral Resources may
not
always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported
with
an explanation of the basis of the mining assumptions
made.
|
- Variable by
deposit.
- No mining dilution
or ore loss has been modelled in the resource model or applied to
the
reported Mineral Resource.
|
Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions
|
- The basis for
assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical
amenability. It is always necessary as part of the process of
determining
reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to
consider
potential metallurgical methods, but the assumptions regarding
metallurgical treatment processes and parameters made when
reporting Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this
is
the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis
of the
metallurgical assumptions made.
|
- Not considered for
Mineral Resource. Applied during the Reserve generation
process.
|
Environmental
factors
or assumptions
|
- Assumptions made
regarding possible waste and process residue
disposal options. It is always necessary as part of the process
of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction
to
consider the potential environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. While at this stage the determination of
potential
environmental impacts, particularly for a greenfields project, may
not
always be well advanced, the status of early consideration of
these
potential environmental impacts should be reported. Where these
aspects have not been considered this should be reported with
an
explanation of the environmental assumptions made.
|
- Westgold operates
in accordance with all environmental conditions set down as
conditions
for grant of the respective leases.
|
Bulk
density
|
- Whether assumed or
determined. If assumed, the basis for the
assumptions. If determined, the method used, whether wet or dry,
the
frequency of the measurements, the nature, size and
representativeness of the samples.
- The bulk density
for bulk material must have been measured by
methods that adequately account for void spaces (vugs, porosity,
etc.),
moisture and differences between rock and alteration zones within
the
deposit.
- Discuss assumptions
for bulk density estimates used in the evaluation
process of the different materials.
|
- Bulk density of the
mineralisation is variable and is for the most part lithology and
oxidation
rather than mineralisation dependent.
- A large suite of
bulk density determinations has been carried out across the project
areas.
The bulk densities were separated into different weathering domains
and lithological
domains.
- A significant past
mining history has validated the assumptions made surrounding
bulk
density.
|
Classification
|
- The basis for the
classification of the Mineral Resources into varying
confidence categories.
- Whether appropriate
account has been taken of all relevant factors (i.e.
relative confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of
input
data, confidence in continuity of geology and metal values,
quality,
quantity and distribution of the data).
- Whether the result
appropriately reflects the Competent Person's view
of the deposit.
|
- Resources are
classified in line with JORC guidelines utilising a combination of
various
estimation derived parameters, input data and geological / mining
knowledge.
- Drillhole spacing
to support classification varies based upon lode
characteristics.
Measured ranges from 15-35m, Indicated from 10-180m and Inferred
from 10-200m.
- This approach
considers all relevant factors and reflects the Competent Person's
view of
the deposit.
|
Audits or
reviews
|
- The results of any
audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates.
|
- Resource estimates
are peer reviewed by the Corporate technical team.
- No external reviews
have been undertaken.
|
Discussion of
relative accuracy/ confidence
|
- Where appropriate a
statement of the relative accuracy and confidence
level in the Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or
procedure
deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For example, the
application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify
the
relative accuracy of the resource within stated confidence limits,
or, if
such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative
discussion
of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and
confidence of
the estimate.
- The statement
should specify whether it relates to global or local
estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should
be
relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation
should
include assumptions made and the procedures used.
- These statements of
relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate
should be compared with production data, where
available.
|
- All currently
reported resource estimates are considered robust, and
representative on both
a global and local scale.
- A continuing
history of mining with good reconciliation of mine claimed to mill
recovered
provides confidence in the accuracy of the estimates.
|
SECTION 4: ESTIMATION AND REPORTING
OF ORE RESERVES
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in sections 2
and 3, also apply to this section.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Mineral Resource
estimate
for conversion to Ore
Reserves
|
- Description of the
Mineral Resource estimate used as a basis for the
conversion to an Ore Reserve.
- Clear statement as
to whether the Mineral Resources are reported
additional to, or inclusive of, the Ore Reserves.
|
- At all Operations
the Ore Reserve is based on the corresponding reported Mineral
Resource
Estimate.
- Mineral Resource
Estimates reported are inclusive of those Mineral Resources
Estimates
modified to produce the Ore Reserve.
- At all projects,
all Mineral Resources Estimates that have been converted to Ore
Reserve are
classified as either an Indicated or Measured.
|
Site
visits
|
- Comment on any site
visits undertaken by the Competent Person and
the outcome of those visits.
- If no site visits
have been undertaken indicate why this is the case.
|
- Mr. Leigh Devlin
has over 10 years' experience in the mining industry. Mr. Devlin
visits the mine
sites on a regular basis and is one of the primary engineers
involved in mine
planning, site
infrastructure and project management.
|
Study
status
|
- The type and level
of study undertaken to enable Mineral Resources to
be converted to Ore Reserves.
- The Code requires
that a study to at least Pre-Feasibility Study level
has been undertaken to convert Mineral Resources to Ore
Reserves.
Such studies will have been carried out and will have determined
a
mine plan that is technically achievable and economically viable,
and
that material Modifying Factors have been considered
|
- Processing at the
Murchison operations has occurred continuously since 2015, with
previous
production occurring throughout 1800's, 1900's and 2000's.
Processing at the Goldfields
operations has occurred intermittently since the 1980's and
continuously since 2008 at
Higginsville.
- Various
mineralisation styles and host domains have been mined since
discovery. Mining
during this time has ranged from open pit cutbacks, insitu surface
excavations to extensional
underground developments.
- Budget level, 24
month projected, forecasts are completed on a biannual basis,
validating cost
and physical inventory assumptions and modelling. These updated
parameters are
subsequently used for the basis of the Ore Reserve modification and
financial factors.
- Following
exploration and infill drilling activity, resource models are
updated on both the
estimation of grade and classification. These updated Mineral
Resources Estimates then form
the foundation for the Ore Reserve.
|
Cut-off
parameters
|
- The basis of the
cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.
|
-
Underground Mines - Cut
off grades are used to determine the economic viability of the
convertible Mineral Resources Estimates. COG for underground mines
incorporate OPEX
development and production costs, grade control, haulage, milling,
administration, along with
state and private royalty conditions, Where an individual mine has
different mining methods
and or various orebody style, COG calculations are determined for
each division. These cuts
are applied to production shapes (stopes) as well as high grade
development. Additionally, an
incremental COG is applied to low grade development, whereby access
to a high grade area is
required.
• On the basis of above
process, the COG is split into Mine Operating COG (incremental
grade)
2.1gt and Fully Costed COG (inclusive of capital) 2.3gt.
• Open Pit Mines - The
pit rim cut-off grade (COG) was determined as part of the Ore
Reserve.
The pit rim COG accounts for grade control, haulage, milling,
administration, along with state
and private royalty conditions. This cost profile is equated
against the value of the mining block
in terms of recovered metal and the expected selling price. The COG
is then used to determine
whether or not a mining block should be delivered to the treatment
plant for processing,
stockpiled as low- grade or taken to the waste dump.
• On the basis of above
process, COGs for the open pit mines range from 0.8g/t (whereby the
Mill
is local to mine and Mill recoveries are greater than 90%) to
1.4g/t (regional pits with low Mill
recoveries).
• Stockpile COG – A
marginal grade was determined for each stockpile inventory to
ensure it was
economically viable. The COG accounts for haulage, milling,
administration, along with state
and private royalty conditions. Each pile honoured its Mill
recovery percentage.
|
Mining factors
or
assumptions
|
- The method and
assumptions used as reported in the Pre-Feasibility
or Feasibility Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore
Reserve
(i.e. either by application of appropriate factors by
optimisation or by preliminary or detailed design).
- The choice, nature
and appropriateness of the selected mining
method(s) and other mining parameters including associated
design
issues such as pre-strip, access, etc.
- The assumptions
made regarding geotechnical parameters (e.g. pit
slopes, stope sizes, etc.), grade control and pre-production
drilling.
- The major
assumptions made and Mineral Resource model used for
pit and stope optimisation (if appropriate).
- The mining dilution
factors used.
- The mining recovery
factors used.
- Any minimum mining
widths used.
- The manner in which
Inferred Mineral Resources are utilised in
mining studies and the sensitivity of the outcome to their
inclusion.
- The infrastructure
requirements of the selected mining methods.
|
- All Ore Reserve
inventories are based upon detailed 3-dimensional designs to ensure
practical
mining conditions are met. Additionally, all Ore Reserve
inventories are above the mine specific
COG(s) as well as containing only Measured and Indicated material.
Depending upon the
mining method – modifying factors are used to address hydrological,
geotechnical, minimum
width and blasting conditions.
Open Pit
Methodology
- The mining shape in
the Ore Reserve estimation is generated by a wireframe (geology
interpretation of the mineralisation) which overlays the block
model. Where the wire frame cuts
the primary block, sub blocks fill out the remaining space to the
wire frame boundary
(effectively the mining shape). It is reasonable to assume that the
mining method can
selectively mine to the wire frame boundary with the additional
dilution provision stated below.
- Ore Reserves are
based on pit designs – with appropriate modifications to the
original Whittle
Shell outlines to ensure compliance with practical mining
parameters.
- Geotechnical
parameters aligned to the open pit Ore Reserves are either based on
observed
existing pit shape specifics or domain specific expectations /
assumptions. Various
geotechnical reports and retrospective reconciliations were
considered in the design
parameters. A majority of the open pits have a final design wall
angle of 39-46 degrees, which
is seen as conservative.
- Dilution of the ore
through the mining process has been accounted for within the Ore
Reserve
quoted inventory. Various dilution ratios are used to represent the
style of mineralisation.
Where continuous, consistent mineralisation boundaries and grade
represent the mineralised
system the following factors are applied: oxide 15%, transitional
17% and fresh 19%. In
circumstances where the orebody is less homogenous above the COG
then the following
dilution factors are applied in order to model correctly the
inherent variability of extracting
discrete sections of the pit floor: oxide 17%, transitional 19% and
fresh 21%. To ensure clarity,
the following percentages are additional ore mined in relation to
excavating the wire frame
boundary as identified in point 1 above, albeit at a grade of 0.0
g/t. The amount of dilution is
considered appropriate based on mineralisation geometry, historical
mining performance and
the size of mining equipment to be used to extract ore.
- Expected
mining recovery of the ore has been set at 93%.
- Minimum
mining widths have been accounted for in the designs, with the
utilisation of 40t or
90t trucking parameters depending upon the size of the pit
excavation.
- No specific
ground support requirements are needed outside of suitable pit
slope design
criteria based on specific geotechnical domains.
- Mining
sequence is included in the mine scheduling process for determining
the economic
evaluation and takes into account available operating time and
mining equipment size and
performance.
- No Inferred
material is included within the open pit statement, though in
various pit shapes
Inferred material is present. In these situations this Inferred
material is classified as waste.
|
|
|
Underground
Methodology
- All underground Ore
Reserves are based on 3D design strings and polygon
derived stope
shapes following the Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource
Estimates (in areas above the
Mine Operating COG). A complete mine schedule is then derived from
this design to create a
LoM plan and financial analysis.
- Mining heights and
widths are based on first principles and standardised mining
methods
employed widely throughout Western Australia.
- Geotechnical
evaluations have been used in determining the size and filling
methodologies.
Subsequent costs associated with these methods have been included
within the study and budgeting formats.
- In large,
disseminated orebodies sub level caving, sub level open stoping or
single level bench stoping
production methodologies are used.
- In narrow vein
laminated quartz hosted domains, a conservative narrow bench style
mining method is used.
- In narrow flat
dipping deposits, a flat long hole process is adopted (with fillets
in the footwall for rill angle)
and or jumbo stoping.
- Stope shape
parameters have been based on historical data (where possible) or
expected stable hydraulic
radius dimensions.
- Stope inventories
have been determined by cutting the geological wireframe at above
the area specific COG
and applying mining dilution and ore loss factors. The ore loss
ratio accounts for pillar locations between the
stopes (not operational ore loss) whilst dilution allows for
conversion of the geological wireframe into a minable
shape (planned dilution) as well as hangingwall relaxation and
blasting overbreak (unplanned dilution).
- Depending upon the
style of mineralisation, sub level interval, blasthole diameters
used and if secondary support
is installed, total dilution ranges from 10 to 35%.
- Minimum mining
widths have been applied in the various mining methods. The only
production style relevant to
this constraint is 'narrow stoping' – where the minimum width is
set at 1.5m in a 17.0m sub level interval.
- Mining operational
recovery for the underground mines is set at 85-100% due to the use
of remote loading units
as well as paste filling activities. Mining recovery is not
inclusive of pillar loss – insitu mineralised material between
adjacent stope panels.
- Stope shape
dimensions vary between the various methods. Default hydraulic
radii (HR) are applied to each method
and are derived either from historical production or geotechnical
reports / recommendations. Where no data or exposure
is available conservative HR values are used based on the contact
domain type.
- Mining sequence is
included in the mine scheduling process for determining the
economic evaluation and takes into account
available operating time and mining equipment size and
performance.
|
Metallurgical
factors or assumptions
|
- The metallurgical
process proposed and the appropriateness of that process
to the style of mineralisation.
- Whether the
metallurgical process is well-tested technology or novel in
nature.
- The nature, amount
and representativeness of metallurgical test work undertaken,
the nature of the metallurgical domaining applied and the
corresponding metallurgical
recovery factors applied.
- Any assumptions or
allowances made for deleterious elements.
- The existence of
any bulk sample or pilot scale test work and the degree to which
such
samples are considered representative of the orebody as a
whole.
- For minerals that
are defined by a specification, has the ore reserve estimation been
based
on the appropriate mineralogy to meet the
specifications?
|
BHO
- A long history of
processing through several CIL processing existing facilities
demonstrates the appropriateness of the
process to the styles of mineralisation considered.
- No deleterious
elements are considered, the long history of processing has shown
this to be not a material concern.
CGO
- CGO has an existing
conventional CIL processing plant.
- The plant has a
nameplate capacity of 1.4Mtpa though this can be varied between
1.2- 1.6Mtpa pending rosters
and material type.
- Gold extraction is
achieved using two staged crushing, ball milling with gravity
concentration and Carbon in Leach.
- Despite CGO having
a newly commissioned processing plant (2012/13 and subsequently
restarted in 2018) a high
portion of the Ore Reserve mill feed have extensive data when
processed at other plants in the past 2-3 decades. This long
history of processing demonstrates the appropriateness of the
process to the styles of mineralisation considered.
- No deleterious
elements are considered, as a long history of processing has shown
this to be not a material concern.
- For the Ore
Reserve, Plant recoveries of 80-93% have been utilised.
|
|
|
FGO
- FGO has an existing
conventional CIL processing plant – which has been operational in
various periods since
- the late 1980's.
The plant has a nameplate capacity of 1.0Mtpa though this can be
varied between 0.8-1.2Mtpa pending
rosters and material type.
- An extensive
database of historical CIL recoveries as well as detailed
metallurgical test work is available for the various deposits,
and these have been incorporated into the COG analysis and
financial models.
- For the Ore
Reserve, Plant recoveries of 93-95% have been utilised.
HGO
- Gold extraction is
achieved using staged crushing, ball milling with gravity
concentration and Carbon in Leach.
The Higginsville plant has operated since 2008.
- Treatment of ore is
via conventional gravity recovery / intensive cyanidation and CIL
is applied as industry standard technology.
- Additional
test-work is instigated where notable changes to geology and
mineralogy are identified. Small scale batch leach tests
on primary Louis ore have indicated lower recoveries (80%)
associated with finer gold and sulphide mineralisation.
- There have been no
major examples of deleterious elements affecting gold extraction
levels or bullion quality. Some minor variations
in sulphide mineralogy have had short-term impacts on reagent
consumptions.
- No bulk sample
testing is required whilst geology/mineralogy is consistent based
on treatment plant performance.
MGO
- MGO has an existing
conventional CIL processing plant – which has been operational in
various periods since the late 1980's.
- The plant has a
nameplate capacity of 1.6Mtpa though this can be varied between
1.2- 1.8Mtpa pending rosters and material type.
- Gold extraction is
achieved using single stage crushing, SAG and ball milling with
gravity concentration and Carbon in Leach.
- A long history of
processing through the existing facility demonstrates the
appropriateness of the process to the styles of
mineralisation considered.
- No deleterious
elements are considered, as a long history of processing has shown
this to be not a material concern.
- For the Ore
Reserve, Plant recoveries of 85-92% have been utilised.
|
Environmental
|
- The status of
studies of potential environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation.
Details of waste rock characterisation and the consideration of
potential sites, status of design
options considered and, where applicable, the status of approvals
for process residue storage and
waste dumps should be reported.
|
BHO
- BHO operates under
and in compliance with a number of operating environmental plans,
which cover its environmental
impacts and outputs as well as reporting guidelines /
frequencies.
- Various Reserve
inventories do not have current DMP / DWER licenses – though there
are no abnormal conditions /
factors associated with these assets which the competent person
sees as potentially threatening to the particular
project.
- The operation is
frequently inspected by the regulatory authorities of DMP and DWER
with continual feedback on environmental
best practice and reporting results.
- Flood Management,
Inclement Weather and Traffic Management Plans existing for the
operation to minimise the risks of
environmental impacts.
- Standard Operating
Procedures for the transfer of hazardous materials and restocking
of Dangerous Goods existing on site to
mitigate the risk of these materials entering the
environment.
CGO
- CGO operates under
and in compliance with a number of operating environmental plans,
which cover its environmental
impacts and outputs as well as reporting guidelines /
frequencies.
- Various Reserve
inventories do not have current DMP / DWER licenses – though there
are no abnormal conditions /
factors associated with these assets which the competent person
sees as potentially threatening to the particular
project.
- The operation is
frequently inspected by the regulatory authorities of DMP and DWER
with continual feedback on
environmental best practice and reporting results.
- Flood Management,
Inclement Weather and Traffic Management Plans existing for the
operation to minimise the risks
of environmental impacts.
- Standard Operating
Procedures for the transfer of hazardous materials and restocking
of Dangerous Goods existing
on site to mitigate the risk of these materials entering the
environment.
FGO
- FGO operates under
and in compliance with a number of operating environmental plans,
which cover its environmental
impacts and outputs as well as reporting guidelines /
frequencies.
- Various Reserve
inventories do not have current DMP / DWER licenses – though there
are no abnormal conditions /
factors associated with these assets which the competent person
sees as potentially threatening to the particular
project.
- The operation is
frequently inspected by the regulatory authorities of DMP and DWER
with continual feedback on
environmental best practice and reporting results.
- Flood Management,
Inclement Weather and Traffic Management Plans existing for the
operation to minimise the
risks of environmental impacts.
- Standard Operating
Procedures for the transfer of hazardous materials and restocking
of Dangerous Goods existing
on site to mitigate the risk of these materials entering the
environment.
HGO
- HGO operates under
and in compliance with a number of operating environmental plans,
which cover its environmental
impacts and outputs as well as reporting guidelines /
frequencies.
- Various Reserve
inventories do not have current DMP / DWER licenses – though there
are no abnormal conditions /
factors associated with these assets which the competent person
sees as potentially threatening to the particular
project.
- The operation is
frequently inspected by the regulatory authorities of DMP and DWER
with continual feedback on
environmental best practice and reporting results.
- Flood Management,
Inclement Weather and Traffic Management Plans existing for the
operation to minimise the risks
of environmental impacts.
- Standard Operating
Procedures for the transfer of hazardous materials and restocking
of Dangerous Goods existing on
site to mitigate the risk of these materials entering the
environment.
MGO
- MGO operates under
and in compliance with a number of operating environmental plans,
which cover its environmental
impacts and outputs as well as reporting guidelines /
frequencies.
- Various Reserve
inventories do not have current DMP / DWER licenses – though there
are no abnormal conditions /
factors associated with these assets which the competent person
sees as potentially threatening to the particular
project.
- The operation is
frequently inspected by the regulatory authorities of DMP and DWER
with continual feedback on
environmental best practice and reporting results.
- Flood Management,
Inclement Weather and Traffic Management Plans existing for the
operation to minimise the
risks of environmental impacts.
- Standard Operating
Procedures for the transfer of hazardous materials and restocking
of Dangerous Goods existing
on site to mitigate the risk of these materials entering the
environment.
|
Infrastructure
|
- The existence of
appropriate infrastructure: availability of land for plant
development, power, water,
transportation (particularly for bulk commodities), labour,
accommodation; or the ease with which the
infrastructure can be provided or accessed.
|
BHO
- BHO is currently
active and have substantial infrastructure in place including a
large amount of underground
infrastructure, major electrical, ventilation and pumping
networks.
- Airstrip facilities
are available at nearby Kambalda.
CGO
- CGO has an
operating plant and tailings storage facility, along with extensive
mechanical and electrical maintenance facilities.
- The site also
includes existing administration buildings as well as a 250-man
accommodation camp facility.
- Power is provided
by onsite diesel generation, with potable water sourced from nearby
bore water (post treatment).
- Communications and
roadways are existing.
- Airstrip facilities
are available at the local Cue airstrip (20km).
FGO
- FGO has an
operating plant and tailings storage facility, along with extensive
mechanical and electrical maintenance facilities.
- The site also
includes existing administration buildings as well as a 200-man
accommodation camp facility.
- Power is provided
by onsite diesel generation, with potable water sourced from nearby
bore water (post treatment).
- Communications and
roadways are existing.
- Airstrip facilities
are available on site.
HGO
- HGO is currently
active and have substantial infrastructure in place including a
large amount of underground
infrastructure, major electrical, ventilation and pumping networks.
The main Higginsville location has an operating CIL
plant a fully equipped laboratory, extensive workshop,
administration facilities and a 350 person single person quarters
nearby.
- Infrastructure
required for open production is also in place.
- Airstrip facilities
are available at nearby Kambalda.
MGO
- MGO has an
operating plant and tailings storage facility, along with extensive
mechanical and electrical maintenance facilities.
- The site also
includes existing administration buildings as well as a 300-man
accommodation camp facility.
- Power is provided
by onsite diesel generation, with potable water sourced from nearby
bore water (post treatment).
- Communications and
roadways are existing.
- Airstrip facilities
are available at the local Meekatharra airstrip (15km).
|
Costs
|
- The derivation of,
or assumptions made, regarding projected capital costs in the
study.
- The methodology
used to estimate operating costs.
- Allowances made for
the content of deleterious elements.
- The source of
exchange rates used in the study.
- Derivation of
transportation charges.
- The basis for
forecasting or source of treatment and refining charges, penalties
for failure to meet specification, etc.
- The allowances made
for royalties payable, both Government and private.
|
BHO
- Processing costs
are based on actual cost profiles with variations existing between
the various oxide states.
- Site G&A and
portioned corporate overheads are included within the analysis
(based upon previous Budget
years actuals).
- Mining costs are
derived primarily from the current contractor and owner-operator
cost profiles in the underground environment.
- For the underground
environment, if not site-specific mining rates are available, an
appropriately selected operating
mine is used for the basis of cost profiling.
- Geology and Grade
Control costs are incorporated in the overall cost profile and are
based upon previously
reconciled Budgetary forecasts.
- Haulage costs used
are either contractual rates or if in the case where a mine has
none, a generic cost per tkm unit rate is utilised.
- Both state
government and private royalties are incorporated into costings as
appropriate.
CGO
- Processing costs
are based on actual cost profiles with variations existing between
the various oxide states.
- Site G&A and
portioned corporate overheads are included within the analysis
(based upon previous Budget
years actuals).
- Mining costs are
derived primarily from the current contractor and owner-operator
cost profiles in the
underground environment.
- For open pits where
no current mining cost profiles are available for a forecasted
Reserve, a historically
'validated' pit cost matrix is used – with variation allowances for
density, fuel price and gear size.
- For the underground
environment, if not site-specific mining rates are available, an
appropriately selected
operating mine is used for the basis of cost profiling.
- Geology and Grade
Control costs are incorporated in the overall cost profile and are
based upon previously
reconciled Budgetary forecasts.
- Haulage costs used
are either contractual rates or if in the case where a mine has
none, a generic cost per
tkm unit rate is utilised.
- Both state
government and private royalties are incorporated into costings as
appropriate.
FGO
- Processing costs
are based on actual cost profiles with variations existing between
the various oxide states.
- Site G&A and
portioned corporate overheads are included within the analysis
(based upon previous Budget
years actuals).
- Mining costs are
derived primarily from the current contractor and owner-operator
cost profiles in the
underground environment.
- For open pits where
no current mining cost profiles are available for a forecasted
Reserve, a historically
'validated' pit cost matrix is used – with variation allowances for
density, fuel price and gear size.
- For the underground
environment, if not site-specific mining rates are available, an
appropriately selected
operating mine is used for the basis of cost profiling.
- Geology and Grade
Control costs are incorporated in the overall cost profile and are
based upon previously
reconciled Budgetary forecasts.
- Haulage costs used
are either contractual rates or if in the case where a mine has
none, a generic cost per
tkm unit rate is utilised.
- Both state
government and private royalties are incorporated into costings as
appropriate.
HGO
- Processing costs
are based on actual cost profiles with variations existing between
the various oxide states.
- Site G&A and
portioned corporate overheads are included within the analysis
(based upon previous Budget
years actuals).
- Mining costs are
derived primarily from the current contractor and owner-operator
cost profiles in the
underground environment.
- For open pits where
no current mining cost profiles are available for a forecasted
Reserve, a historically
'validated' pit cost matrix is used – with variation allowances for
density, fuel price and gear size.
- For the underground
environment, if not site-specific mining rates are available, an
appropriately selected
operating mine is used for the basis of cost profiling.
- Geology and Grade
Control costs are incorporated in the overall cost profile and are
based upon previously
reconciled Budgetary forecasts.
- Haulage costs used
are either contractual rates or if in the case where a mine has
none, a generic cost per
tkm unit rate is utilised.
- Both state
government and private royalties are incorporated into costings as
appropriate.
MGO
- Processing costs
are based on actual cost profiles with variations existing between
the various oxide states.
- Site G&A and
portioned corporate overheads are included within the analysis
(based upon previous Budget years actuals).
- Mining costs are
derived primarily from the current contractor and owner-operator
cost profiles in the underground
environment.
- For open pits where
no current mining cost profiles are available for a forecasted
Reserve, a historically 'validated'
pit cost matrix is used – with variation allowances for density,
fuel price and gear size.
- For the underground
environment, if not site-specific mining rates are available, an
appropriately selected operating
mine is used for the basis of cost profiling.
- Geology and Grade
Control costs are incorporated in the overall cost profile and are
based upon previously
reconciled Budgetary forecasts.
- Haulage costs used
are either contractual rates or if in the case where a mine has
none, a generic cost per
tkm unit rate is utilised.
- Both state
government and private royalties are incorporated into costings as
appropriate.
|
Revenue
factors
|
- The derivation of,
or assumptions made regarding revenue factors including head grade,
metal or
commodity price(s) exchange rates, transportation and treatment
charges, penalties, net smelter returns, etc.
- The derivation of
assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal
metals, minerals and co-products.
|
- Mine Revenue, COGs,
open pit optimisation and royalty costs are based on the long-term
forecast of A$3,000/oz.
- No allowance is
made for silver by-products.
|
Market
assessment
|
- The demand, supply
and stock situation for the particular commodity, consumption
trends and factors likely to
affect supply and demand into the future.
- A customer and
competitor analysis along with the identification of likely market
windows for the product.
- Price and volume
forecasts and the basis for these forecasts.
- For industrial
minerals the customer specification, testing and acceptance
requirements prior to a supply contract.
|
- Detailed economic
studies of the gold market and future price estimates are
considered by Westgold and applied
in the estimation of revenue, cut-off grade analysis and future
mine planning decisions.
- There remains
strong demand and no apparent risk to the long-term demand for the
gold.
|
Economic
|
- The inputs to the
economic analysis to produce the net present value (NPV) in the
study, the source and confidence
of these economic inputs including estimated inflation, discount
rate, etc.
- NPV ranges and
sensitivity to variations in the significant assumptions and
inputs.
|
- Each separate mine
(open pit, underground or stockpile) has been assessed on a
standard operating cash generating
model. Capital costs have been included thereafter to determine an
economic outcome.
- Subsequently each
Operating centre (MGO, CGO and FGP) has had a Discounted Cash Flow
model constructed
to further demonstrate the Reserve has a positive economic
outcome.
- A discount rate of
8% is allied in DCF modelling.
- No escalation of
costs and gold price is included.
- Sensitivity
analysis of key financial and physical parameters is applied to
future development projects.
|
Social
|
- The status of
agreements with key stakeholders and matters leading to social
licence to operate.
|
BHO
- BHO is fully
permitted and a major contributor to the local and regional
economy. It has no external pressures
that impact its operation or which could potentially jeopardise its
continuous operation.
CGO
- CGO is fully
permitted and a major contributor to the local and regional
economy. It has no external pressures
that impact its operation or which could potentially jeopardise its
continuous operation.
- As new open pits or
underground operations develop the site will require separate
environmental approvals
from the different regulating bodies.
- Where required, the
operation has a Native Title and Pastoral Agreement.
FGO
- FGO is fully
permitted and a major contributor to the local and regional
economy. It has no external
pressures that impact its operation or which could potentially
jeopardise its continuous operation.
- As new open pits or
underground operations develop the site will require separate
environmental
approvals from the different regulating bodies.
- Where required, the
operation has a Native Title and Pastoral Agreement.
HGO
- HGO is fully
permitted and a major contributor to the local and regional
economy. It has no external
pressures that impact its operation or which could potentially
jeopardise its continuous operation.
- •As new open pits
or underground operations develop the site will require separate
environmental
approvals from the different regulating bodies.
MGO
- MGO is fully
permitted and a major contributor to the local and regional
economy. It has no external
pressures that impact its operation or which could potentially
jeopardise its continuous operation.
- As new open pits or
underground operations develop the site will require separate
environmental
approvals from the different regulating bodies.
- Where required, the
operation has a Native Title and Pastoral Agreement.
|
Other
|
- To the extent
relevant, the impact of the following on the project and/or on the
estimation and classification of the Ore Reserves:
- Any identified
material naturally occurring risks.
- The status of
material legal agreements and marketing arrangements.
- The status of
governmental agreements and approvals critical to the viability of
the project, such as mineral tenement
status, and government and statutory approvals. There must be
reasonable grounds to expect that all necessary Government
approvals will be received within the timeframes anticipated in the
Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study. Highlight and discuss the
materiality of any unresolved matter that is dependent on a third
party on which extraction of the reserve is contingent.
|
- BHO is an active
mining project.
- CGO is an active
mining project.
- FGO is an active
mining project.
- HGO is an active
mining project.
- MGO is an active
mining project.
|
Classification
|
- The basis for the
classification of the Ore Reserves into varying confidence
categories.
- Whether the result
appropriately reflects the Competent Person's view of the
deposit.
- The proportion of
Probable Ore Reserves that have been derived from Measured Mineral
Resources (if any).
|
- The basis for
classification of the Mineral Resource into different categories is
made in accordance
with the recommendations of the JORC Code 2012. Measured Mineral
Resources have a high level of
confidence and are generally defined in three dimensions with
accurately defined or normally mineralised
developed exposure. Indicated Mineral Resources have a slightly
lower level of confidence but contain substantial
drilling and are in most instances capitally developed or well
defined from a mining perspective. Inferred Mineral
Resources always contain significant geological evidence of
existence and are drilled, but not to the same density.
There is no classification of any Mineral Resources that isn't
drilled or defined by substantial physical sampling
works.
- Some Measured
Resources have been classified as Proven and some are defined as
Probable Ore Reserves based on
internal judgement of the mining, geotechnical, processing and or
cost profile estimates.
- No Indicated
Mineral Resources material has been converted into Proven Ore
Reserve.
- The resultant Ore
Reserve classification appropriately reflects the view of the
Competent Person.
|
Audits or
reviews
|
- The results of any
audits or reviews of Ore Reserve estimates.
|
- Ore Reserves
inventories and the use of appropriate modifying factors are
reviewed internally on an annual basis.
- Additionally, mine
design and cost profiles are regularly reviewed by WGX operational
quarterly reviews.
- Financial auditing
processes, Dataroom reviews for asset sales / purchases and
stockbroker analysis regularly
'truth test' the assumptions made on Ore Reserve designs and
assumptions.
|
Discussion of
relative accuracy/ confidence
|
- Where appropriate a
statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Ore
Reserve estimate using an approach
or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For
example, the application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the reserve within
stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors which could
affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the
estimate.
- The statement
should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates,
and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which
should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation.
Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures
used.
- Accuracy and
confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any
applied Modifying Factors that may have a material
impact on Ore Reserve viability, or for which there are remaining
areas of uncertainty at the current study stage.
- It is recognised
that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances.
These statements of relative accuracy and confidence
of the estimate should be compared with production data, where
available.
|
- Whilst it should be
acknowledged that all Ore Reserves are based primarily upon an
estimate of contained insitu gold
(the Mineral Resources Estimate), it is the competent person's view
that the consolidated Reserve inventory is highly achievable in
entirety.
- Given the entire
Ore Reserves inventory is within existing operations, with
budgetary style cost models and current contractual mining
/ processing consumable rates, coupled with an extensive historical
knowledge / dataset of the Mineral Resources, it is the
Competent
Person's view that the significant mining modifying factors (COGs,
geotechnical parameters and dilution ratio's) applied are
achievable and
or within the limits of 10% sensitivity analysis.
|
Appendix C – JORC 2012 Table 1– Nickel Division
Section 1: Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding
sections.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Sampling
techniques
|
- Nature and quality
of sampling (e.g. cut channels, random chips, or specific
specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the
minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or
handheld XRF instruments, etc.). These examples should not be taken
as limiting the broad meaning of sampling.
- Include reference
to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the
appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems
used.
- Aspects of the
determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public
Report.
- In cases where
'industry standard' work has been done this would be relatively
simple (e.g. 'reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m
samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for
fire assay'). In other cases more explanation may be required, such
as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems.
Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (e.g. submarine
nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed
information.
|
- Sampling of Ni is
almost exclusively from diamond core drilling completed from
underground platforms. Historical surface RC samples (completed by
WMC) intersect the mineralisation. HMR Drilling Services has
carried out underground diamond drilling at Beta Hunt since 2016
and are currently utilising a fleet of Erebus M90 mobile
underground diamond core rigs. Sampling is highly selective
according to the visual nickel mineralisation observed by the
geologist. Generally, sampling is between 0.1m to 1.2m intervals,
though some historical sample intervals are noted to
0.06m.
- Diamond drill core
is logged on site by geologists for lithology, alteration,
mineralisation, and structures. Structural measurements, alpha and
beta angles are taken on major lithological contacts, foliations,
veins, and major fault zones. Multiple specific gravity ("SG")
measurements are taken per hole in both ore and waste zones. Field
geotechnicians record the Rock Quality Designation ("RQD") measure
for every second drill hole. All drill holes are digitally
photographed.
- NQ2 drill holes
designated as resource definition or exploration are cut in half
with the top half of the core sent to the laboratory for analysis
and the other half placed back in the core tray. This is then
transferred onto pallets and moved to the core yard library. All
grade control drilling is sampled as whole core samples with a
maximum 1m interval.
|
Drilling
techniques
|
- Drill type (e.g.
core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast,
auger, Bangka, sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core diameter, triple
or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or
other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method,
etc.).
|
- Drilling for Ni has
been completed at the deposit from 1974 to the present by various
companies and utilised predominantly diamond drilling of NQ2
diameter. All diamond core was oriented, as far as possible, and
oriented structures logged with alpha and beta angles. During the
drilling process the drillers mark on the end of each drill run the
'bottom of hole position' using a red chinagraph pencil. This
orientation mark forms the basis for orientating the drill core.
Orientation marks are usually placed at every 3m or 6m intervals
and correspond with the driller's run. A driller's run is marked by
a core block at the end of the run, the last piece of core before
each block will have the orientation mark on it. Electronic
orientation tools were used sporadically in 2018 and
2021/2022.
|
Drill sample
recovery
|
- Method of recording
and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results
assessed.
- Measures taken to
maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the
samples.
- Whether a
relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether
sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of
fine/coarse material.
|
- Historical and
current practice ensures all diamond core intervals are measured
and recorded for rock quality designation (RQD) and core loss. Core
blocks are utilised and placed at 1m core runs in the core trays.
The average core recovery at the deposit is routinely
>95%.
- Drill rigs are
supervised by company geologists to ensure adequate sample returns
are being maintained.
- No bias has been
observed between sample recovery and grade.
|
Logging
|
- Whether core and
chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation,
mining studies and metallurgical studies.
- Whether logging is
qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel,
etc.) photography.
- The total length
and percentage of the relevant intersections logged
|
- Westgold
underground drill-holes are logged in detail for geology, veining,
alteration, mineralisation and structure. Core has been logged in
enough detail to allow for the relevant mineral resource estimation
techniques to be employed.
- Core is
photographed both wet and dry. All photos are stored on the
Company's servers, with the photographs from each hole contained
within separate folders.
- Development faces
are mapped geologically.
- Logging is both
quantitative and qualitative in nature.
- All holes are
logged completely, all faces are mapped completely.
|
Sub-sampling
techniques and sample preparation
|
- If core, whether
cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core
taken.
- If non-core,
whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc. and whether
sampled wet or dry.
- For all sample
types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample
preparation technique.
- Quality control
procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise
representivity of samples.
- Measures taken to
ensure that the sampling is representative of the in-situ material
collected, including for instance results for field
duplicate/second-half sampling.
- Whether sample
sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being
sampled.
|
- Diamond holes
designated as resource definition or exploration are cut in half
using a core saw, with the top half of the core sent to the
laboratory for analysis and the other half placed back in the core
tray. This is then transferred onto pallets and moved to the core
yard library. All grade control drilling is sampled as whole core
samples with a maximum 1m interval.
- Sample preparation
has been completed by SGS laboratory at either Perth or Kalgoorlie
facilities since 2016. Samples were dried and then crushed to 3mm
and then split to generate samples between 1kg to 2.8kg. One split
is forwarded to milling where it is pulverised to 90% passing 75um,
the second split is retained as a crushed sample.
- Laboratory internal
QA standards include replicates, split samples, and blanks which
are randomly added to job batches.
- The sample size is
considered appropriate for the grain size of the material being
sampled.
|
Quality of assay
data and laboratory tests
|
- The nature, quality
and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used
and whether the technique is considered partial or
total.
- For geophysical
tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc., the
parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument
make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and
their derivation, etc.
- Nature of quality
control procedures adopted (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates,
external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of
accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision have been
established.
|
- Prior to March 2016
nickel samples were analysed at Bureau Veritas Laboratory
(KalAssay). A 0.2g subsample was digested using a mixed acid before
ICP analysis. Post 2016, analyses have been completed by SGS
Laboratory in Perth where a 0.2g subsample of pulverised material
is taken for ICP 4 acid digest and final analysis using ICP-OES.
This process is considered appropriate. The acid digest is with
nitric, hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and perchloric acids to effect
as near total solubility of the sample as possible.
- QA/QC processes are
controlled by written procedures and includes the use of certified
reference materials and coarse blanks.
- Certified Standards
for gold and nickel were provided by Ore Research & Exploration
Pty Ltd ("OREAS") between 2014 and June 2016. Geostats Ni purpose
reference standard samples were introduced in June 2020 and
effectively replaced the OREAS reference samples. Coarse blank is
Bunbury Basalt sourced from Gannet Holdings Pty Ltd.
- No significant
QA/QC issues have arisen in recent drilling results. Routine audit
visits to the laboratories are completed by senior geology
personnel.
|
Verification of
sampling and assaying
|
- The verification of
significant intersections by either independent or alternative
company personnel.
- The use of twinned
holes.
- Documentation of
primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data
storage (physical and electronic) protocols.
- Discuss any
adjustment to assay data.
|
- Significant assay
results are verified by senior geologists through visual inspection
of retained core (or viewing core photos where whole core was
submitted for assay). If significant intersections are not
supported by visual checks, samples are re-assayed to confirm
original results.
- Nickel lenses are
defined by close spaced grade control drilling so twinned holes are
not require.
- Primary data is
collected utilising LogChief. The information is imported into a
SQL database server and verified.
- All data used in
the calculation of resources and reserves are compiled in databases
which are overseen and validated by Senior Geologists.
- No adjustments have
been made to any assay data.
|
Location of data
points
|
- Accuracy and
quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole
surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in
Mineral Resource estimation.
- Specification of
the grid system used.
- Quality and
adequacy of topographic control.
|
- Drill collars were
historically surveyed by the mine survey department using
electronic total station equipment. Single shot downhole survey
measurements are taken at 15m and 30m, then every 30m thereafter.
Multi-shot surveys are conducted at the completion of each hole at
3m intervals. During 2023, UG holes utilise a DeviGyro OX tool to
eliminate magnetic interference. This method has been used for
surface drilling since 2021. The Gyro recordings are coupled with
cloud based systems to facilitate electronic loading directly into
the database eliminating manual entry.
- All drilling and
resource estimation is preferentially undertaken in local Mine
Grid.
- Topographic control
is generated from a combination of remote sensing methods and
ground-based surveys. This methodology is adequate for the
resources in question.
|
Data spacing and
distribution
|
- Data spacing for
reporting of Exploration Results.
- Whether the data
spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of
geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral
Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and
classifications applied.
- Whether sample
compositing has been applied.
|
- The structural
complexity of nickel mineralisation at Beta Hunt is reflected by
closer spaced drill patterns. Nickel Mineral Resources are based on
an initial 30m by 30m down to 10m x 10m spaced drill hole pattern.
Subsequent drilling focuses on stepping out from a significant
intercept to define any attenuated pinch out, basalt roll-over or
fault offsetting the nickel mineralisation.
- The data spacing
and distribution is sufficient to establish geological and grade
continuity appropriate to the classification applied. The nickel
lenses are highly visible and underground mapping confirms lens
geometry and extent.
- Sampling of core
varies between 0.2m to 1.2m or to geological contacts. Samples are
not composited when submitted for analysis. Sample compositing (to
0.7m or 0.8m) was applied at Kappa and Delta lenses for estimation.
All other nickel lenses utilised an 2D linear accumulation variable
composited as a single full zone intercept.
|
Orientation of data
in relation to geological structure
|
- Whether the
orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible
structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the
deposit type.
- If the relationship
between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling
bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.
|
- Drilling
intersections are nominally designed to be normal to the nickel
lens as far as underground infrastructure constraints allow. Visual
observation of the flat lying lens geometry during air leg mining
verifies the sample orientation is effective.
- It is not
considered that drilling orientation has introduced an appreciable
sampling bias.
|
Sample
security
|
- The measures taken
to ensure sample security.
|
- Sample security
protocols in place aim to maintain the chain of custody of samples
to prevent inadvertent contamination or mixing of samples, and to
render active tampering as difficult as possible. Sampling is
conducted by Westgold staff or contract employees under the
supervision of site geologists. The work area and sample storage
areas are covered by general site security video surveillance.
Samples bagged in plastic sacks are collected by the laboratory
transport contractor and driven to the Perth or Kalgoorlie
laboratories.
|
Audits or
reviews
|
- The results of any
audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data
|
- Site generated
resources and reserves and the parent geological data is routinely
reviewed by the Westgold Corporate technical team. Routine visits
to the certified laboratories are completed by senior
personnel.
|
Section 2 Reporting Of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this
section.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Mineral tenement and
land tenure status
|
- Type, reference
name/number, location and ownership including agreements or
material issues with third parties such as joint ventures,
partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests,
historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental
settings.
- The security of the
tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known
impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the
area.
|
- Beta Hunt is an
underground mine located 2km southeast of Kambalda and 60km south
of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia. Westgold owns the mining rights
for the Beta Hunt Mine through a sub-lease agreement with
Goldfield's St Ives Gold Mining Centre (SIGMC), which gives Karora
the right to explore for and mine nickel and gold within the Beta
Hunt sub-lease area. The Beta Hunt sub-lease covers partial mining
leases for a total area of 960.4ha.
- SIGMC is the
registered holder of the mineral leases that are all situated on
unallocated Crown Land.
- The main components
of the existing surface infrastructure are situated on mining
leases M15/1529 and M15/1531. The existing underground
infrastructure at Beta Hunt is located within mineral leases
M15/1529, M15/1531, M15/1512, M15/1516, M15/1517, M15/1526,
M15/1518, M15/1527, M15/1705, M15/1702 and M15/1628.
- Westgold pays the
following royalties on nickel production:
- A royalty to the
state government equal to 2.5% of the royalty value of nickel metal
in nickel containing material sold; and
- Royalties to third
parties equal to 4.5% of payable nickel when prices are less than
$17,500/t, and 6.5% when prices are greater than or equal to
$17,500/t (capped at $16,000,000).
- On an annual basis,
Westgold must pay 20% of the following to SIGMC:
- All rent payable by
SIGMC in respect of each sub-lease tenement;
- All local
government rates; and
- All land or
property taxes.
- The tenure is
currently in good standing.
- There are no known
issues regarding security of tenure.
- There are no known
impediments to continued operation.
- WGX operates in
accordance with all environmental conditions set down as conditions
for grant of the leases.
|
Exploration done by
other parties
|
- Acknowledgment and
appraisal of exploration by other parties
|
- Western Mining
Corporation (WMC) first intersected nickel sulphide mineralisation
at Red Hill in January 1966 after drilling to test a gossan outcrop
grading 1% Ni and 0.3% Cu. This discovery led to delineation of the
Kambalda Nickel Field where WMC identified 24 deposits hosted in
structures that include the Kambalda Dome, Widgiemooltha Dome and
Golden Ridge Greenstone Belt. The Hunt nickel deposit was
discovered by WMC in March 1970, during routine traverse drilling
over the south end of the Kambalda Dome. The discovery hole, KD262,
intersected 2.0m grading 6.98% Ni. Portal excavation for a decline
access began in June 1973. While the decline was being developed,
the Hunt orebody was accessed from the neighbouring Silver Lake
mine, via a 1.15km cross-cut on 700 level.
- Westgold work has
generally confirmed the veracity of historic exploration
data.
|
Geology
|
- Deposit type,
geological setting and style of mineralisation.
|
- The Kambalda–St
Ives region forms part of the Norseman–Wiluna greenstone belt which
comprises regionally extensive volcano-sedimentary packages. These
were extruded and deposited in an extensional environment at about
2,700–2,660 Ma. The mining district is underlain by a
north-northwest trending corridor of basalt and komatiite rocks
termed the Kambalda Dome. The iron-nickel mineralisation is
normally accumulated within the thick Silver Lake Member of the
Kambalda Komatiite Formation above, or on the contact with the dome
structured Lunnon Basalt.
- Nickel
mineralisation is hosted by talc-carbonate and serpentine altered
ultramafic rocks. The deposits are ribbon-like bodies of massive,
matrix and disseminated sulphides varying from 0.5 m to 4.0m in
true thickness but averaging between 1.0 m and 2.0 m. Down dip
widths range from 40m to 100m, and the grade of nickel ranges from
below 1% to 20%. Major minerals in the massive and disseminated
ores are pyrrhotite, pentlandite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, magnetite
and chromite, with rare millerite and heazlewoodite generally
confined to disseminated mineralisation. The hangingwall
mineralisation tends to be higher tenor than the contact material.
The range of massive ore grades in the hangingwall is between 10%
Ni and 20% Ni while the range for contact ore is between 9% Ni and
12% Ni. The hangingwall mineralogy varies between an
antigorite/chlorite to a talc/magnesite assemblage. The basalt
mineralogy appears to conform to the amphibole, chlorite,
plagioclase plus or minus biotite.
- Unlike other nickel
deposits on the Kambalda Dome, the Beta Hunt system displays
complex contact morphologies, which leads to irregular ore
positions. The overall plunge of the deposits is shallow in a
southeast direction, with an overall plunge length in excess of
1km. The individual lode positions have a strike length averaging
40m and a dip extent averaging 10m. The geometry of these lode
positions vary in dip from 10° to the west to 80° to the east. The
mineralisation within these lode positions is highly variable
ranging from a completely barren contact to zones where the
mineralisation is in excess of 10m in true thickness.
- The Hunt and Lunnon
shoots are separated from the Beta and East Alpha deposits by the
Alpha Island Fault. Hunt and Beta both occur on the moderately
dipping western limb of the Kambalda Dome and are thought to be
analogous. Similarly, Lunnon and East Alpha occur on the steeply
dipping eastern limb of the dome and also have similar
characteristics.
|
Drill hole
Information
|
- A summary of all
information material to the understanding of the exploration
results including a tabulation of the following information for all
Material drill holes:
- easting and
northing of the drill hole collar
- elevation or RL
(Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill
hole collar
- dip and azimuth of
the hole
- down hole length
and interception depth
- hole
length.
- If the exclusion of
this information is justified on the basis that the information is
not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the
understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly
explain why this is the case.
|
- Exploration results
are not being reported in this release.
|
Data aggregation
methods
|
- In reporting
Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or
minimum grade truncations (e.g., cutting of high grades) and
cut-off grades are usually Material and should be
stated.
- Where aggregate
intercepts incorporate short lengths of high-grade results and
longer lengths of low-grade results, the procedure used for such
aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such
aggregations should be shown in detail.
- The assumptions
used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly
stated.
|
- Exploration results
are not being reported in this release.
|
Relationship between
mineralisation widths and intercept lengths
|
- These relationships
are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration
Results.
- If the geometry of
the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known,
its nature should be reported.
- If it is not known
and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a
clear statement to this effect (e.g., 'down hole length, true width
not known').
|
- Exploration results
are not being reported in this release.
|
Diagrams
|
- Appropriate maps
and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be
included for any significant discovery being reported These should
include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar
locations and appropriate sectional views.
|
- Exploration results
are not being reported in this release.
|
Balanced
reporting
|
- Where comprehensive
reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths
should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration
Results.
|
- Exploration results
are not being reported in this release.
|
Other substantive
exploration data
|
- Other exploration
data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but
not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey
results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method
of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density,
groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential
deleterious or contaminating substances.
|
- Exploration results
are not being reported in this release.
|
Further
work
|
- The nature and
scale of planned further work (e.g. tests for lateral extensions or
depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
- Diagrams clearly
highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main
geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this
information is not commercially sensitive.
|
- Ongoing underground
exploration activities will be undertaken to support continuing
mining activities at Westgold Gold Operations.
|
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting
of Mineral Resources
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section
2, also apply to this section.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Database
integrity
|
- Measures taken to
ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for example,
transcription or keying errors, between its initial collection and
its use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes.
- Data validation
procedures used.
|
- The database used
for the estimation was extracted from the Westgold's DataShed
database management system stored on a secure SQL
server.
- As new data is
acquired it passes through a validation approval system designed to
pick up any significant errors before the information is loaded
into the master database.
|
Site
visits
|
- Comment on any site
visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
- If no site visits
have been undertaken indicate why this is the case.
|
- Mr. Russell visits
Westgold Gold Operations regularly.
|
Geological
interpretation
|
- Confidence in (or
conversely, the uncertainty of) the geological interpretation of
the mineral deposit.
- Nature of the data
used and of any assumptions made.
- The effect, if any,
of alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource
estimation.
- The use of geology
in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource estimation.
- The factors
affecting continuity both of grade and geology.
|
- Confidence in the
interpretations is high as the Ni sulphides have been mined since
1974 and the structural setting is well understood. Mineralisation
is hosted within and adjacent to volcanic channels that sit at the
stratigraphic base of the Kambalda Komatiite. Nickel sulphides are
within narrow troughs that plunge gently to the south.
- The mineralisation
was interpreted using diamond core drilled primarily from
underground locations
- The current
interpretations have been visually validated through underground
mining so alternative interpretations are not considered
viable.
- Geological logging
of the ultramafic / basalt contact, and the visible Ni sulphides is
used to define the mineralisation wireframes used in the Mineral
Resource estimation.
- Geological matrixes
were established to assist with interpretation and construction of
the estimation domains.
- The Ni deposits
occur within troughs on both the east and west limbs of the
Kambalda Dome. The deposits are ribbon-like bodies of massive,
matrix and disseminated sulphides that occur at the base of the
silver Lake Member on the contact with the Lunnon Basalt. The
massive and disseminated lodes tend to be higher tenor than the
contact material.
|
Dimensions
|
- The extent and
variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length (along
strike or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the
upper and lower limits of the Mineral Resource.
|
- Unlike other nickel
deposits on the Kambalda Dome, the Beta Hunt system displays
complex contact morphologies, which leads to irregular lode
positions. The overall plunge of the deposits is shallow in a
southeast direction, with an overall plunge length in excess of
1km. The individual lode positions have a strike length averaging
40m and a dip extent averaging 10m. The geometry of these lode
positions varies in dip from 10° to the west to 80° to the east.
The mineralisation within these lode positions is highly variable
ranging from a completely barren contact to zones where the
mineralisation is in excess of 10m in true thickness. The Ni
deposits predominantly vary from 0.5m to 4m true thickness but
average between 1m and 2m. Down dip widths range from 40m to 100m.
The depth at which the Ni mineralisation occurs along the UM/Basalt
contact varies from approximately 650m to 820m in depth from
surface.
|
Estimation and
modelling techniques.
|
- The nature and
appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values,
domaining, interpolation parameters, maximum distance of
extrapolation from data points.
- The availability of
check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine production records
and whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes appropriate account
of such data.
- The assumptions
made regarding recovery of by-products.
- Estimation of
deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of economic
significance (e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage
characterisation).
- In the case of
block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the
average sample spacing and the search employed.
- Any assumptions
behind modelling of selective mining units.
- Any assumptions
about correlation between variables.
- The process of
validation, the checking process used, the comparison of model data
to drillhole data, and use of reconciliation data if
available.
|
- The Ni sulphides
display lenticular geometries and are concentrated along linear
channels that overlie gold-bearing shears in the Lunnon Basalt. The
process of modelling the mineralised lenses involved a review of
the ultramafic contact while stepping through the drill data and
digitising polygons to suit the geometry of the nickel sulphides on
each section. Sections were orientated perpendicular to the strike
of the mineralisation and separated by distances to suit the
spacing of fans of drill holes and locations of structurally
related disruptions in the continuity of the geology. Numerous
porphyry dykes of varying composition from granite through to
diorite and granodiorite break up the nickel mineralisation and
effectively stope out the nickel-bearing sulphides. The interpreted
lenses are modelled to account for the porphyry intrusions so that
mineralisation does not extend into areas of waste. Mineralisation
domains were identified using geological characteristics (logged
nickel sulphides ranging from massive to matrix and blebby), and
intervals within interpreted domains captured the full sequence of
economic nickel sulphide profile (from the massive sulphide through
matrix and included blebby sulphides).
- While each of the
nickel sulphide deposits and each mineralised body was estimated
individually, the deposits were subdivided into domains for
geostatistical purposes. The domains were defined visually such
that logically grouped lenses tend to have common stratigraphic
positions and mineralisation characteristics and do not overlap in
space. Drillhole samples were flagged with the mineralisation
wireframes. Top-cuts were applied to high grade outliers for Au,
As, and Cu within each grouped domain by analysing log probability
plots, histograms, and mean/variance plots.
- Estimations was
completed for Ni, Au, As, Co, Cu, Fe, MgO, S, and
density.
- Variograms were
modelled on the accumulation "metal" variable (vertical thickness
multiplied by grades) for all elements, using the intermediate
stage 1 m composite data. Micromine software was used for
geostatistical analysis. For Kappa and Delta, variograms were
modelled using the 0.8m or 0.7m composites for the various elements
within each domain, using Supervisor software.
- Three-dimensional,
non-rotated block volume models were created for use in grade
estimation and sized to encompass each of the nickel sulphide
deposits. No waste background model was created. The models assume
underground mining by very selective methods, using airleg miners
where required. As the lodes are very narrow, usually averaging
less than 2m horizontal width, it would be unlikely that selective
mining would occur across their width. Therefore, a seam model was
chosen to represent their volume. For the relatively flat-lying
deposits, a single block spans the vertical (Z) width of the
zones.
- The selection of
appropriate block sizes took into consideration the geometry of the
domains to be modelled, the local drillhole spacing and the strike
and dip of the domains. The narrow lode domains had parent cell
dimensions set to 10m x 10m in the northing and easting directions
for all modelled lenses. The dimensions across the width of the
lenses are infinitely variable in vertical direction to allow for
accurate definition of the variable width in each lens using a
single cell. For the Kappa and Delta lenses, a parent block size
was set to 2m (X) by 5m (Y) by 5m (Z) with sub-celling to 0.5m (X)
by 1.25 (Y) by 1.25m (Z).
- Lode geometries are
generally very narrow. For this reason, an estimation methodology
using two-dimensional linear accumulation was selected for
estimation of each mineralised lode. The zone samples were
composited to single, full zone width intercepts having variable
lengths according to the width of the mineralisation and angle of
intersection. Composited full zone intercept widths do not
necessarily represent the true widths of the mineralised zones. To
calculate true and vertical widths, local orientations (dip and dip
direction) of the mineralisation were assigned to the composite
intervals based on the mineralisation wireframes. Dip and dip
direction values were calculated for each triangle in the wireframe
models, and then interpolated into the sample points using the
nearest neighbour ("NN") method. From this, the composite
interval's true thickness, vertical thickness and horizontal
thickness were calculated and visually checked. Accumulation
variables were calculated for each modelled element. Two lenses at
the East Alpha deposit were modelled using 3D wireframes and
ordinary kriging interpolation using 0.8m composites (Kappa) and
0.7m (Delta).
- For all Ni
deposits, except the Kappa and Delta lenses, a base search ellipse
equal to the long ranges for each deposit was used. The first
search ellipse employed two-thirds of the base search parameters.
The second and all the subsequent interpolation runs used a search
ellipse multiplier to the search axes, which was started from 1 and
incremented by 1 until all cells were informed with all estimated
grades. All accumulations and vertical thicknesses were initially
estimated in all sub-cells, and then volume weighted average values
were calculated within the 10m x 10m parent cells. When model cells
were estimated using search radii that were not greater than twice
the long ranges along the horizontal axes, the minimum and maximum
composite search parameters for block estimates used a minimum of
four and a maximum of six samples. No restrictions were applied for
drillhole numbers used in the estimate as all samples were
composited to the entire mineralised intersections. No sectors were
employed. The degree of discretization was 5 x 5 x 5 points. The
grade estimation in the centre of the block consisted of the simple
average value of the estimated points throughout the block
volume.
- For the Kappa and
Delta lenses, a single estimation pass was used with a search
distance set to 50m and the search ellipse orientated along the
geometry of the lode. Discretisation was set to 4 x 5 x 5 (XYZ). A
minimum of 5 samples and maximum of 15 was applied.
- A correlation
exists between Ni and density, and this was used to calculate
regression formulae for estimation which were then applied to all
composited intervals. The resultant estimated density values were
interpolated into the block model using ordinary kriging algorithm
and semi variogram models generated for nickel grades. No bulk
density data was available for Beta Central. A regression formula
was generated for combined composites at B30, B40, and Gamma, and a
formula derived for the Beta West and East Alpha
composites.
- The Mineral
Resource is depleted for mining voids and subsequently classified
in line with JORC guidelines utilising a combination of various
estimation derived parameters and geological / mining
knowledge.
- Model validation of
grade estimates was completed by visual checks on screen in
cross-section and plan view to ensure that block model grades
honoured the grade of the composites. A statistical comparison of
sample vs block grades was tabulated and swath plots generated in
various directions. Model performance is measured against end of
month reconciliations.
|
Moisture
|
•
Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural
moisture, and the method of determination of the moisture
content.
|
- Tonnage estimates
are dry tonnes.
|
Cut-off
parameters
|
•
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters
applied.
|
- The Ni Mineral
Resource is reported within proximity to underground development
and nominal 1% Ni lower cut-off grade for the nickel sulphide
mineralisation.
|
Mining factors or
assumptions
|
•
Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining
dimensions and internal (or, if applicable, external) mining
dilution. It is always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction
to consider potential mining methods, but the assumptions made
regarding mining methods and parameters when estimating Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this
should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the mining
assumptions made.
|
- Beta Hunt is an
underground mine accessed from established portals and declines.
The mine commenced operation in 1974, mining both nickel and gold
over extended periods. Mining is via flat back or air leg utilising
single boom jumbo and air leg miner. Flat back mining operates on
top of waste fill placed on the previous level. Approximately 0.5m
of waste in the floor is removed on completion of mining to ensure
full recovery of the nickel.
- No mining dilution
or ore loss has been modelled in the resource model or applied to
the reported Mineral Resource.
|
Metallurgical
factors or assumptions
|
•
The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical
amenability. It is always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction
to consider potential metallurgical methods, but the assumptions
regarding metallurgical treatment processes and parameters made
when reporting Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where
this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of
the basis of the metallurgical assumptions made.
|
- Nickel
mineralisation processing is covered by the Ore Tolling and
Concentrate Purchase Agreement (OTCPA) with BHP. Material is
blended with nickel ores from other mines, and the metallurgical
recovery credited to Beta Hunt is based on the mineralisation
grade. The Kambalda Nickel Concentrator (KNC) is the delivery point
for Beta Hunt ore under the OTCPA.
|
Environmental
factors or assumptions
|
•
Assumptions made regarding possible waste and process residue
disposal options. It is always necessary as part of the
process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic
extraction to consider the potential environmental impacts of the
mining and processing operation. While at this stage the
determination of potential environmental impacts, particularly for
a greenfields project, may not always be well advanced, the status
of early consideration of these potential environmental impacts
should be reported. Where these aspects have not been considered
this should be reported with an explanation of the environmental
assumptions made.
|
- Westgold operates
in accordance with all environmental conditions set down as
conditions for grant of the respective leases. Beta Hunt is an
operating underground mine that is in possession of all required
permits. Westgold owns and operates Beta Hunt through a sub-lease
agreement with SIGMC. The environmental permitting and compliance
requirements for mining operations on the sub-lease tenements are
the responsibility of Westgold under the sub-lease
arrangement.
|
Bulk
density
|
•
Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the basis for the
assumptions. If determined, the method used, whether wet or dry,
the frequency of the measurements, the nature, size and
representativeness of the samples.
•
The bulk density for bulk material must have been measured by
methods that adequately account for void spaces (vugs, porosity,
etc.), moisture and differences between rock and alteration zones
within the deposit.
•
Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates used in the
evaluation process of the different materials.
|
- A large suite of
bulk density determinations has been carried out across the project
areas. All raw sample intervals within the mineralised zones that
had both Ni grades and density measurements were used to calculate
regression formulae which were then applied to all composited
intervals. The resultant estimated density values were interpolated
into the block model using ordinary kriging algorithm and semi
variogram models generated for nickel grades.
- A significant past
mining history has validated the assumptions made surrounding bulk
density.
|
Classification
|
•
The basis for the classification of the Mineral Resources into
varying confidence categories.
•
Whether appropriate account has been taken of all relevant factors
(i.e. relative confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability
of input data, confidence in continuity of geology and metal
values, quality, quantity and distribution of the data).
•
Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person's
view of the deposit.
|
- Mineral Resources
are classified in line with JORC guidelines utilising a combination
of various estimation derived parameters, input data and geological
/ mining knowledge.
- This approach
considers all relevant factors and reflects the Competent Person's
view of the deposit.
|
Audits or
reviews
|
•
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource
estimates.
|
- Resource estimates
are peer reviewed by the Corporate technical team.
|
Discussion of
relative accuracy/ confidence
|
•
Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and
confidence level in the Mineral Resource estimate using an approach
or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For
example, the application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the resource within
stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors that could
affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the
estimate.
•
The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local
estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should
be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation
should include assumptions made and the procedures used.
•
These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the
estimate should be compared with production data, where
available.
|
- The high quality of
input data, and robust knowledge of the structural emplacement of
Ni at Beta Hunt provides confidence in the Mineral Resource
estimate. Ni lenses are mined via air leg which provides
flexibility for mining diverse geometries which are highly visible.
All currently reported resources estimates are representative on
both a global and local scale.
- A continuing
history of mining with good reconciliation of mine claimed to mill
recovered provides confidence in the accuracy of the
estimates.
|
Section 4 Estimation and Reporting
of Ore Reserves
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in sections
2 and 3, also apply to this section.)
Criteria
|
JORC Code
Explanation
|
Commentary
|
Mineral Resource
estimate for conversion to Ore Reserves
|
- Description of the
Mineral Resource estimate used as a basis for the conversion to an
Ore Reserve.
- Clear statement as
to whether the Mineral Resources are reported additional to, or
inclusive of, the Ore Reserves.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Site
visits
|
- Comment on any site
visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
- If no site visits
have been undertaken indicate why this is the case.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Study
status
|
- The type and level
of study undertaken to enable Mineral Resources to be converted to
Ore Reserves.
- The Code requires
that a study to at least Pre-Feasibility Study level has been
undertaken to convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves. Such
studies will have been carried out and will have determined a mine
plan that is technically achievable and economically viable, and
that material Modifying Factors have been considered
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Cut-off
parameters
|
- The basis of the
cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Mining factors or
assumptions
|
- The method and
assumptions used as reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility
Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve (i.e.
either by application of appropriate factors by optimisation or by
preliminary or detailed design).
- The choice, nature
and appropriateness of the selected mining method(s) and other
mining parameters including associated design issues such as
pre-strip, access, etc.
- The assumptions
made regarding geotechnical parameters (e.g. pit slopes, stope
sizes, etc.), grade control and pre-production
drilling.
- The major
assumptions made and Mineral Resource model used for pit and stope
optimisation (if appropriate).
- The mining dilution
factors used.
- The mining recovery
factors used.
- Any minimum mining
widths used.
- The manner in which
Inferred Mineral Resources are utilised in mining studies and the
sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion.
- The infrastructure
requirements of the selected mining methods.
|
|
|
Metallurgical
factors or assumptions
|
- The metallurgical
process proposed and the appropriateness of that process to the
style of mineralisation.
- Whether the
metallurgical process is well-tested technology or novel in
nature.
- The nature, amount
and representativeness of metallurgical test work undertaken, the
nature of the metallurgical domaining applied and the corresponding
metallurgical recovery factors applied.
- Any assumptions or
allowances made for deleterious elements.
- The existence of
any bulk sample or pilot scale test work and the degree to which
such samples are considered representative of the orebody as a
whole.
- For minerals that
are defined by a specification, has the ore reserve estimation been
based on the appropriate mineralogy to meet the
specifications?
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
|
Environmental
|
- The status of
studies of potential environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. Details of waste rock characterisation and
the consideration of potential sites, status of design options
considered and, where applicable, the status of approvals for
process residue storage and waste dumps should be
reported.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
|
Infrastructure
|
- The existence of
appropriate infrastructure: availability of land for plant
development, power, water, transportation (particularly for bulk
commodities), labour, accommodation; or the ease with which the
infrastructure can be provided or accessed.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Costs
|
- The derivation of,
or assumptions made, regarding projected capital costs in the
study.
- The methodology
used to estimate operating costs.
- Allowances made for
the content of deleterious elements.
- The source of
exchange rates used in the study.
- Derivation of
transportation charges.
- The basis for
forecasting or source of treatment and refining charges, penalties
for failure to meet specification, etc.
- The allowances made
for royalties payable, both Government and private.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Revenue
factors
|
- The derivation of,
or assumptions made regarding revenue factors including head grade,
metal or commodity price(s) exchange rates, transportation and
treatment charges, penalties, net smelter returns, etc.
- The derivation of
assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal
metals, minerals and co-products.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Market
assessment
|
- The demand, supply
and stock situation for the particular commodity, consumption
trends and factors likely to affect supply and demand into the
future.
- A customer and
competitor analysis along with the identification of likely market
windows for the product.
- Price and volume
forecasts and the basis for these forecasts.
- For industrial
minerals the customer specification, testing and acceptance
requirements prior to a supply contract.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Economic
|
- The inputs to the
economic analysis to produce the net present value (NPV) in the
study, the source and confidence of these economic inputs including
estimated inflation, discount rate, etc.
- NPV ranges and
sensitivity to variations in the significant assumptions and
inputs.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Social
|
- The status of
agreements with key stakeholders and matters leading to social
licence to operate.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release
|
|
|
|
Other
|
- To the extent
relevant, the impact of the following on the project and/or on the
estimation and classification of the Ore Reserves:
- Any identified
material naturally occurring risks.
- The status of
material legal agreements and marketing arrangements.
- The status of
governmental agreements and approvals critical to the viability of
the project, such as mineral tenement status, and government and
statutory approvals. There must be reasonable grounds to expect
that all necessary Government approvals will be received within the
timeframes anticipated in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study.
Highlight and discuss the materiality of any unresolved matter that
is dependent on a third party on which extraction of the reserve is
contingent.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Classification
|
- The basis for the
classification of the Ore Reserves into varying confidence
categories.
- Whether the result
appropriately reflects the Competent Person's view of the
deposit.
- The proportion of
Probable Ore Reserves that have been derived from Measured Mineral
Resources (if any).
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Audits or
reviews
|
- The results of any
audits or reviews of Ore Reserve estimates.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
Discussion of
relative accuracy/ confidence
|
- Where appropriate a
statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Ore
Reserve estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate
by the Competent Person. For example, the application of
statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative
accuracy of the reserve within stated confidence limits, or, if
such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative
discussion of the factors which could affect the relative accuracy
and confidence of the estimate.
- The statement
should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates,
and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be
relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should
include assumptions made and the procedures used.
- Accuracy and
confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any
applied Modifying Factors that may have a material impact on Ore
Reserve viability, or for which there are remaining areas of
uncertainty at the current study stage.
- It is recognised
that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances.
These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the
estimate should be compared with production data, where
available.
|
- No nickel Ore
Reserve is stated in this release.
|
SOURCE Westgold Resources Limited