PFD Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred and Income Fund Incorporated

301 E. Colorado Boulevard, Suite 800
Pasadena, California 91101

INSTRUCTIONS FOR SIGNING PROXY CARDS

The following general rules for signing proxy cards may be of assistance to you and may minimize the time and expense to the Fund(s) involved in validating your vote if you fail to sign your proxy card(s) properly.

1.Individual Accounts: Sign your name exactly as it appears in the registration on the proxy card(s).

2.Joint Accounts: Either party may sign, but the name of the party signing should conform exactly to a name shown in the registration.

3.All Other Accounts: The capacity of the individual signing the proxy card should be indicated unless it is reflected in the form registration. For example:

ANNUAL MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
April 19, 2023
JOINT PROXY STATEMENT

This document is a joint proxy statement (“Joint Proxy Statement”) for Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred and Income Fund Incorporated (“Preferred and Income Fund” or “PFD”), Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred and Income Opportunity Fund Incorporated (“Preferred and Income Opportunity Fund” or “PFO”), Flaherty & Crumrine Preferred and Income Securities Fund Incorporated (“Preferred and Income Securities Fund” or “FFC”), Flaherty & Crumrine Total Return Fund Incorporated (“Total Return Fund” or “FLC”) and Flaherty & Crumrine Dynamic Preferred and Income Fund Incorporated (“Dynamic Preferred Income Fund” or “DFP”) (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”). This Joint Proxy Statement is furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by each Fund’s Board of Directors (each, a “Board” and collectively, the “Boards”) to be voted at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders for each Fund to be held on April 19, 2023, at 8:00 a.m. PDT, at the offices of Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated, 301 E. Colorado Boulevard, Suite 800, Pasadena, California 91101 and at any adjournments or postponements thereof (each, an “Annual Meeting” and collectively, the “Annual Meetings”).

This Joint Proxy Statement and the accompanying Notice of Annual Meetings and proxy card for each Fund in which you own shares were mailed on or about March 2, 2023 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on January 20, 2023. Proxy solicitations will be made, beginning on or about March 2, 2023, primarily by mail, but proxy solicitations may also be made by telephone, Internet, facsimile, e-mail, or personal interviews conducted by officers of each Fund, Flaherty & Crumrine Incorporated (“Flaherty & Crumrine”), the investment adviser of each Fund, Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (“Computershare”), the transfer agent of each Fund, and The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNY Mellon”), the administrator of each Fund. With respect to FFC, FLC and DFP, proxy solicitations may also be made by Destra Capital Advisors LLC, the servicing agent for FFC, FLC and DFP. No proxy solicitation firm will be used in connection with this Joint Proxy Statement.

The Funds will evenly split the expenses incurred in connection with the preparation of this Joint Proxy Statement and hosting of the Annual Meetings. Each Fund will pay for its respective expenses incurred in connection with printing and mailing of this Joint Proxy Statement and its enclosures to shareholders. Each Fund also will reimburse brokerage firms and others for their expenses in forwarding solicitation material to the beneficial owners of its shares.

References to the websites above or herein do not incorporate their content into this Joint Proxy Statement.

If the enclosed proxy card(s) are properly executed and returned in time to be voted at the relevant Annual Meeting(s), the Shares (as defined below) represented thereby will be voted in accordance with the instructions marked thereon. Unless instructions to the contrary are marked thereon, a proxy will be voted “FOR” Proposal 1 at the relevant Annual Meeting. Any shareholder who has given a proxy has the right to revoke it at any time prior to its exercise either by attending the relevant Annual Meeting and voting his or her Shares in person or by submitting a letter of revocation or a later-dated proxy card to the appropriate Fund at 301 E. Colorado Boulevard, Suite 800, Pasadena, California 91101 prior to the date of the Annual Meetings.

Under the bylaws of each Fund, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund entitled to vote shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business (a “Quorum”) at that Fund’s Annual Meeting. In the event that a Quorum is not present at the relevant Annual Meeting, or in the event that a Quorum is present but sufficient votes to approve any of the proposals are not received, the Chair of the Annual Meeting may adjourn the meeting without assigning a specific date or from time to time to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date without notice other than announcement at the Annual Meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a Quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the relevant Annual Meeting as originally notified. A shareholder vote may be taken on a proposal in the Joint Proxy Statement relating to the applicable Annual Meeting prior to any such adjournment if sufficient votes have been received for approval of that proposal. Once a Quorum has been established at the relevant Annual Meeting, shareholders may continue to transact business, notwithstanding the withdrawal of shareholders and the loss of a Quorum.

Each Fund has one class of capital stock outstanding: common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock” or the “Shares”). Each Share is entitled to one vote at the relevant Annual Meeting with respect to matters to be voted on, with pro rata voting rights for any fractional Shares. On the record date, January 20, 2023, the following number of Shares of each Fund were issued and outstanding:

To the knowledge of each Fund and its Board, the following shareholder(s), or “group” as that term is defined in Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), is the beneficial owner or owner of record of more than 5% of the relevant Fund’s outstanding Shares as of January 20, 2023*:

*As of January 20, 2023, the Directors and officers, as a group, owned less than 1% of the Shares of each Fund.

**A nominee partnership of The Depository Trust Company.

This Joint Proxy Statement is being used to reduce the preparation, printing, handling and postage expenses that would result from the use of a separate proxy statement for each Fund. At each Fund’s Annual Meeting, shareholders of the Fund will vote as a single class. Shareholders of each Fund will vote separately for each of PFD, PFO, FFC, FLC and DFP on the proposal(s) on which shareholders of that Fund are entitled to vote at the relevant Annual Meeting. A separate proxy card is enclosed for each Fund in which a shareholder owns Shares. Thus, if the proposal(s) at the relevant Annual Meeting is approved by shareholders of one or more Funds and not approved by shareholders of one or more other Funds, the proposal(s) will be implemented for the Fund or Funds that approved the proposal(s) and will not be implemented for any Fund that did not approve the proposal(s). It is therefore essential that shareholders complete, date and sign each enclosed proxy card. Shareholders of each Fund are entitled to vote on the proposal(s) pertaining to that Fund.

nominees. Each Nominee has been nominated for a term of three years to expire at each Fund’s 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until his/her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Shareholders of each Fund’s Common Stock are entitled to elect the Nominee for election to the Board of the relevant Fund.

*The Class II Director of PFD, FFC, FLC and DFP and the Class I Director of PFO will serve until each Fund’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualify. The Class II Directors of PFO and the Class III Directors of PFD, FFC, FLC and DFP will serve until each Fund’s 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualify. The Class I Nominee of PFD, FFC, FLC and DFP and the Class III Nominee of PFO, if elected, will serve until each Fund’s 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualify.

**The Flaherty & Crumrine fund complex (the “Fund Complex”) consists solely of the Funds.

†Ms. Hogan served as a Class I Director of PFD from 2005 – 2016, a Class II Director of each of FFC and FLC from 2005 – 2016, a Class II Director of DFP since inception – 2016 and a Class III Director of PFO from 2005 – 2016.

(1)“Interested person” of the Funds as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Mr. Chadwick is considered an “interested person” because of his affiliation with Flaherty & Crumrine.

No Non-Interested Director of the Funds or their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any securities in Flaherty & Crumrine, or a person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Flaherty & Crumrine.

Mr. Chadwick was appointed as a Director of the Funds in January 2016 and was elected by each Fund’s shareholders to serve in that capacity in April 2016. Each Director, other than Mr. Chadwick, has been a Director of the Funds for at least 16 years (or since the Fund’s inception, in the case of DFP). Additional information about each Director follows (supplementing the information provided in the table above) that describes some of the specific experiences, qualifications, attributes or skills that each Director possesses which the Boards believe have prepared them to be effective Directors. The Boards believe that Directors should have the ability to critically review, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, and interact effectively with Fund management, service providers and counsel. The Boards believe that their members satisfy this standard. Experience relevant to having this ability may be achieved through a Director’s educational background; business, professional training or practice (e.g., accounting or law); public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member (including the Boards of the Funds) or as an executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations; and/or other life experiences. The charter for the Boards’ Nominating and Governance Committees (each a “Nominating Committee” and collectively, the “Nominating Committees”) contains certain other factors considered by the Nominating Committees in identifying and evaluating potential Director nominees. To assist them in evaluating matters under federal and state law, the Independent Directors (defined below) are counseled by their own independent legal counsel, who participates in Board meetings and interacts with Flaherty & Crumrine, and may also benefit from information provided by the Funds’ and Flaherty & Crumrine’s counsel. Both counsel to the Independent Directors and counsel to the Funds and Flaherty & Crumrine have significant experience advising funds and fund directors. The Boards and their committees have the ability to engage other experts as appropriate. The Boards evaluate their performance on an annual basis.

R. Eric Chadwick – Mr. Chadwick was appointed as a Director and Chair of the Board of each Fund in January 2016. Mr. Chadwick has been the President of each Fund since April 2015 and, previously, the Chief Financial Officer from 2004 (or in the case of DFP, from its inception) until April 2015. Mr. Chadwick is also the President of Flaherty & Crumrine and has served as a portfolio manager of PFD and PFO since 1999 and as portfolio manager of each of FFC, FLC and DFP since each Fund’s inception.

David Gale – In addition to his tenure as a Director of the Funds, Mr. Gale has been President and Chief Executive Officer of Delta Dividend Group, Inc., a San Francisco-based investment management firm, since 1992. Prior to joining Delta Dividend Group, Inc., Mr. Gale was a Principal with Morgan Stanley from 1983 to 1990, and a Managing Director of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. from 1990 to 1992. Mr. Gale previously served as a director of Emmis Communications.

Morgan Gust – In addition to his tenure as a Director of the Funds, Mr. Gust is a majority owner and executive manager of various entities engaged in commercial farming, agriculture and real estate. From 1990 to 2007, Mr. Gust served in various capacities, including President, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Giant Industries, Inc., a New York Stock Exchange listed public company engaging in petroleum refining and marketing. Mr. Gust previously served as lead director of CoBiz Financial, Inc., a publicly traded bank holding company. He is also a member of the Arizona State Bar. Mr. Gust was designated the Lead Independent Director of each Fund in October 2016. He also serves as the Chair of the Nominating Committee of each Fund’s Board.

Karen H. Hogan – In addition to her tenure as a Director of the Funds, Ms. Hogan serves on the Board of IKAR, a non-profit organization, and as a committee member and active volunteer of several charitable and non-profit organizations. From 1985 to 1997, Ms. Hogan served as Senior Vice President of Preferred Stock Origination, and previously Vice President of New Product Development, at Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. Ms. Hogan also served as a director, member and chair of the audit committee of New World Coffee, Inc. Ms. Hogan currently serves as Chair of the Audit Committee of each Fund’s Board.

Board Composition and Leadership Structure

The 1940 Act requires that at least 40% of the Funds’ Directors not be “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Funds, and therefore not affiliated with Flaherty & Crumrine (the “Independent Directors”). To rely on certain exemptive rules under the 1940 Act, a majority of the Funds’ Directors must be Independent Directors and, for certain important matters, such as the approval of investment advisory agreements or transactions with affiliates, the 1940 Act or the rules thereunder require the approval of a majority of the Independent Directors. Currently, three of the Funds’ four Directors are Independent Directors. The Chair of the Boards is an interested person of each Fund. The three Independent Directors interact directly with the Chair and other senior management of Flaherty & Crumrine at scheduled meetings and between meetings as appropriate. Independent Directors have been designated to chair the Audit Committees and the Nominating Committees. The Board of each Fund has appointed Mr. Morgan Gust as the Lead

Independent Director. The Boards have determined that their leadership structures and composition, in which the Chair of the Boards is an “interested person” of the Funds, the Funds have a Lead Independent Director and 75% of the Directors are Independent Directors, are appropriate in light of the services that Flaherty & Crumrine provides to the Funds.

Boards’ Oversight Role in Management

The Boards’ role in management of the Funds is oversight. As is the case with virtually all investment companies (as distinguished from operating companies), service providers to the Funds, primarily Flaherty & Crumrine, have responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Funds, which includes responsibility for risk management (including management of investment performance and investment risk, valuation risk, issuer and counterparty credit risk, compliance risk and operational risk). As part of their oversight, the Boards, acting at their scheduled meetings, or the Chair, acting between Board meetings, regularly interacts with, and receives reports from, senior personnel of service providers, including the Funds’ and Flaherty & Crumrine’s Chief Compliance Officer and portfolio management personnel. The Boards’ Audit Committees (which consist of all the Independent Directors) meet during their scheduled meetings, and between meetings the Chair of the Audit Committees maintains contact, with the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm and the Funds’ Chief Financial Officer. The Boards also receive periodic presentations from senior personnel of Flaherty & Crumrine regarding risk management generally, as well as periodic presentations regarding specific operational, compliance or investment areas, such as business continuity, personal trading, valuation and credit. The Boards have adopted policies and procedures designed to address certain risks to the Funds. In addition, Flaherty & Crumrine and other service providers to the Funds have adopted a variety of policies, procedures and controls designed to address particular risks to the Funds. Different processes, procedures and controls are employed with respect to different types of risks. However, it is not possible to eliminate all of the risks applicable to the Funds. The Boards also receive reports from counsel to the Funds and Flaherty & Crumrine and the Independent Directors’ own independent legal counsel regarding regulatory, compliance and governance matters. The Boards’ oversight role does not make the Boards guarantors of the Funds’ investments or activities.

Beneficial Ownership of Shares in the Funds and Fund Complex for each Director and Nominee for Election as Director

Set forth in the table below is the dollar range of equity securities in each Fund and the aggregate dollar range of equity securities in the Flaherty & Crumrine Fund Complex beneficially owned by each Director and Nominee for election as Director.

*Key to Dollar Ranges

A.None

B.$1 - $10,000

C.$10,001 - $50,000

D.$50,001 - $100,000

E.over $100,000

All Shares were valued as of December 31, 2022.

(1)This information has been furnished by each Director/Nominee as of December 31, 2022. “Beneficial ownership” is determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act.

(2)As of December 31, 2022, the Directors, Nominees and executive officers of each Fund, as a group, owned less than 1% of the Shares of each Fund.

*Each officer serves until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her earlier resignation or removal.

Audit Committee

The role of each Fund’s Audit Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in its oversight of: (i) the integrity of the Fund’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (ii) the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices, and its internal control over financial reporting; (iii) the Fund’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; and (iv) the independent auditor’s qualifications, independence and performance. Each Fund’s Audit Committee is also required to prepare an audit committee report pursuant to applicable laws and regulations for inclusion in the Fund’s annual proxy statement. Each Audit Committee operates pursuant to a charter (the “Audit Committee Charter” or “Charter”) that was most recently reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors of each Fund on January 19, 2023, and which is available at www.preferredincome.com. As set forth in the Charter, Fund management is responsible for the (i) preparation, presentation and integrity of each Fund’s financial statements, (ii) maintenance of appropriate accounting and financial reporting principles and policies and (iii) maintenance of internal controls and procedures designed to assure compliance with accounting standards and applicable laws and regulations. The Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP (the “independent accountants” or “KPMG”), is responsible for planning and carrying out proper audits and reviews of each Fund’s financial statements and expressing an opinion as to their conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

In addition, the Audit Committee of each Fund discussed with the independent accountants the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) and the SEC. Each Audit Committee also received from the independent accountants the written disclosures and statements required by PCAOB Rule 3526, Communication with Audit Committees Concerning Independence, as currently in effect and discussed the impact that any such relationships might have on the objectivity and independence of the independent accountants.

As set forth above, and as more fully set forth in each Fund’s Audit Committee Charter, each Audit Committee has significant duties and powers in its oversight role with respect to the Fund’s financial reporting procedures, internal control systems, and the independent audit process.

The members of each Audit Committee are not, and do not represent themselves to be, professionally engaged in the practice of auditing or accounting and are not employed by the Fund for accounting, financial management or internal control. Moreover, each Audit Committee relies on, and makes no independent verification of, the facts presented to it or representations made by Fund management or the independent accountants. Accordingly, each Audit Committee’s oversight does not provide an independent basis to determine that Fund management has maintained appropriate accounting and financial reporting principles and policies, or internal controls and procedures, designed to assure compliance with accounting standards and applicable laws and regulations. Furthermore, each Audit Committee’s considerations and discussions referred to above do not provide assurance that the audit of each Fund’s financial statements has been carried out in accordance with generally accepted accounting standards or that the financial statements are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Based on its consideration of the audited financial statements and the discussions referred to above with Fund management and the independent accountants, and subject to the limitations on the responsibilities and role of the Audit Committee set forth in the Charter and those discussed above, the Audit Committee of each Fund recommended to that Fund’s Board that the audited financial statements be included in the Fund’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2022.

This report was submitted by the Audit Committee of each Fund’s Board of Directors

David Gale
Morgan Gust
Karen H. Hogan (Chair)
January 19, 2023

Each Audit Committee was established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the 1934 Act. Each Audit Committee met four times in connection with its Board of Directors’ regularly scheduled meetings during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2022. Each Audit Committee is composed entirely of each Fund’s Independent Directors who are also “independent” (as such term is defined by the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the listing standards applicable to closed-end funds, as may be modified or supplemented (the “NYSE Listing Standards”)), namely Ms. Hogan and Messrs. Gale and Gust.

Nominating Committee

Each Board of Directors has a Nominating Committee composed entirely of each Fund’s Independent Directors who are also “independent” (as such term is defined by the NYSE Listing Standards), namely Ms. Hogan and Messrs. Gale and Gust. The Nominating Committee of each Fund met two times during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2022.

The Nominating Committee of each Fund is responsible for identifying individuals believed to be qualified to become Board members; for recommending to the Board such nominees to stand for election as Directors at each Fund’s annual meeting of shareholders and to fill any vacancies on the Board; and for overseeing the Board’s governance practices. Each Fund’s Nominating Committee has a charter which is available on its website, www.preferredincome.com.

Each Fund’s Nominating Committee believes that it is in the best interest of each Fund and its shareholders to obtain highly qualified candidates to serve as members of the Board. The Nominating Committees have not established a formal process for identifying candidates where a vacancy exists on the Boards. In nominating candidates, each Nominating Committee shall take into consideration such factors as it deems appropriate, including educational background; business, professional training or practice (e.g., accounting or law); public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member (including the Boards of the Funds) or as an executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations; and other life experiences. Each Fund’s Nominating Committee may consider whether a potential nominee’s professional experience, education, skills and other individual qualities and attributes, including gender, race or national origin, would provide beneficial diversity of skills, experience or perspective to the Board’s membership and collective attributes. Each Fund’s Nominating Committee will consider Director candidates recommended by shareholders and submitted in accordance with applicable law and procedures as described in this Joint Proxy Statement. (See “Submission of Shareholder Proposals – 2024 Annual Meetings” below).

*Represents the total compensation paid for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2022 to such persons by the Funds, which are considered part of the same “fund complex” because they have a common adviser. The parenthetical number represents the total number of investment company directorships held by the Director or Nominee in the Fund Complex as of November 30, 2022.

Required Vote

The election of Mr. Gale as Director of PFD, FFC and FLC, the election of Mr. Gust as Director of PFO and the election of Ms. Hogan as Director of DFP will require the affirmative vote of a plurality of the votes cast by holders of the Shares of each such Fund at the relevant Annual Meeting in person or by proxy. A “plurality” vote means the candidate who receives the largest number of votes cast (even if they receive less than a majority) will be elected as a Director. Since the candidate for election as a Director in Proposal 1 for each Fund is running unopposed, the candidate only needs one vote to be elected if there is a Quorum present at the relevant Annual Meeting. Because abstentions and broker non-votes are not treated as Shares voted, any abstentions and broker non-votes would have no impact on the election.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

KPMG, Two Financial Center, 60 South Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, has been selected to serve as each Fund’s independent accountants for each Fund’s fiscal year ending November 30, 2023. KPMG acted as the independent accountants for each Fund for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2022. The Funds know of no direct financial or material indirect financial interest of KPMG in the Funds. A representative of KPMG will not be present at the Annual Meetings, but will be available by telephone to respond to appropriate questions and will have an opportunity to make a statement.

Set forth in the table below are audit fees and non-audit related fees billed to each Fund by KPMG for professional services for the fiscal years ended November 30, 2021 and November 30, 2022, respectively.

*“Tax Fees” are those fees billed to each Fund by KPMG in connection with tax consulting services, including primarily the review of each Fund’s income tax returns.

Each Fund’s Audit Committee Charter requires that the Audit Committee pre-approve all audit and non-audit services to be provided by the independent accountants to the Fund, and all non-audit services to be provided by the independent accountants to the Fund’s investment adviser and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Fund’s investment adviser (“affiliates”) that provide on-going services to each Fund, if the engagement relates directly to the operations and financial reporting of each Fund, or to establish detailed pre-approval policies and procedures for such services in accordance with applicable laws. All of the audit and non-audit services described above for which KPMG billed each Fund fees for the fiscal years ended November 30, 2021 and November 30, 2022, respectively, were pre-approved by the Audit Committee, as applicable.

For each Fund’s fiscal years ended November 30, 2021 and November 30, 2022, respectively, KPMG did not provide any non-audit services (or bill any fees for such services) to the Funds’ investment adviser or any affiliates.

The Board unanimously recommends that shareholders vote FOR the election of the nominees.

OTHER MATTERS TO COME BEFORE THE ANNUAL MEETINGS

Each Fund does not intend to present any other business at the relevant Annual Meeting, nor is any Fund aware that any shareholder intends to do so. If, however, any other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meetings, the persons named in the accompanying form of proxy will vote thereon in accordance with their judgment.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Investment Adviser, Administrator and Servicing Agent

Flaherty & Crumrine serves as the investment adviser to each Fund, and its business address is 301 E. Colorado Boulevard, Suite 800, Pasadena, California 91101. BNY Mellon acts as the administrator to each Fund and is located at 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, Massachusetts 01581. Destra Capital Advisors LLC acts as the servicing agent to FFC, FLC and DFP and is located at 444 West Lake Street, Suite 1700, Chicago, Illinois 60606.

Any such notice by a shareholder shall set forth the information required by the Fund’s bylaws with respect to each matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting.

“Householding”

Please note that only one annual or semi-annual report or Joint Proxy Statement may be delivered to two or more shareholders of a Fund who share an address, unless the Fund has received instructions to the contrary. To request a separate copy of an annual report or semi-annual report or this Joint Proxy Statement, or for instructions regarding how to request a separate copy of these documents or regarding how to request a single copy if multiple copies of these documents are received, shareholders should contact Computershare, P.O. Box 505000, Louisville, KY, 40233-5000, United States, or by calling 1-866-351-7446 (U.S. toll-free) or 1-201-680-6578 (International).

Voting Results

Each Fund will advise its shareholders of the voting results of the matters voted upon at its Annual Meeting in its next Semi-Annual Report to shareholders.

Broker Non-Votes and Abstentions

A proxy which is properly executed and returned accompanied by instructions to withhold authority to vote represents a broker “non-vote” (i.e., Shares held by brokers or nominees as to which (i) instructions have not been received from the beneficial owners or the persons entitled to vote and (ii) the broker or nominee does not have discretionary voting power on a particular matter). Proxies that withhold authority or broker non-votes (collectively, “abstentions”) will be counted as Shares that are present and entitled to vote at the relevant Annual Meeting for purposes of determining the presence of a Quorum.

With respect to Proposal 1 for the Annual Meetings, abstentions do not constitute a vote “for” the Nominees for Directors.

NOTICE TO BANKS, BROKER/DEALERS AND VOTING TRUSTEES AND THEIR NOMINEES

Please advise the Funds whether other persons are the beneficial owners of Shares for which proxies are being solicited from you, and, if so, the number of copies of the Joint Proxy Statement and other soliciting material you wish to receive to supply copies to the beneficial owners of Shares.

IT IS IMPORTANT THAT PROXIES BE RETURNED PROMPTLY. SHAREHOLDERS WHO DO NOT EXPECT TO ATTEND THE RELEVANT ANNUAL MEETING(S) ARE THEREFORE URGED TO COMPLETE, SIGN, DATE AND RETURN ALL PROXY CARDS OR VOTING INSTRUCTION FORM AS SOON AS POSSIBLE IN THE ENCLOSED POSTAGE-PAID ENVELOPE.