SCHEDULE 14C INFORMATION
Information Statement Pursuant to Section 14(c) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Check the appropriate box:
[x] Preliminary Information Statement
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[_] Confidential, For Use of the Commission
only
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(as permitted by Rule 14c-5(d)(2))
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[_] Definitive Information Statement
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TEC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
(Name of
Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
[x] No Fee Required
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[_] Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules
14c-5(g) and 0-11.
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(1) Title of each class of securities to which transaction
applies:
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(2) Aggregate number of securities to which transaction
applies:
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(3) Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction
computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which
the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
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(4) Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
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(5) Total fee paid:
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[_] Fee paid previously with preliminary materials:
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[_] Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided
by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the
offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by
registration statement number, or the form or schedule and the date of its
filing.
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(1) Amount previously paid:
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(2) Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
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(3) Filing party:
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(4) Date filed:
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TEC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Xinqiao
Industrial Park
Jingde County
Anhui Province 242600
People's
Republic of China
(86) 563 8023488
INFORMATION STATEMENT
WE ARE NOT ASKING YOU FOR A PROXY AND
YOU ARE REQUESTED
NOT TO SEND US A PROXY
This Information Statement is first being mailed on or about
______________, to the holders of record of the outstanding common stock,
$0.001 par value per share (the
Common Stock
) of TEC Technology,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
Company
), as of the close of
business on December 5, 2011 (the
Record Date
), pursuant to
Rule 14c-2 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the
Exchange Act
). This Information Statement relates to a
written consent in lieu of a meeting, dated December 5, 2011, (the
Written Consent
) of a stockholder of the Company owning at least
a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company as of the
Record Date (the
Majority Stockholder
). Except as otherwise
indicated by the context, references in this Information Statement to Company,
we, us, or our are references to TEC Technology, Inc.
The Written Consent approved a change in the state of
incorporation of the Company from Delaware to Nevada by merging the Company with
and into a newly formed Nevada subsidiary (the
Reincorporation
),
pursuant to an agreement and plan of merger (the
Plan of
Merger
), in connection with which the Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws of the Nevada corporation shall become the Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws of the Company.
The Written Consent constitutes the consent of a majority of
the total number of shares of outstanding Common Stock and is sufficient under
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and our Bylaws to approve
the Reincorporation. Accordingly, the Reincorporation is not presently being
submitted to our other stockholders for a vote. The action by Written Consent
will become effective on ________________, following the filing of Articles of
Merger with the Secretary of State of Nevada and a Certificate of Ownership and
Merger with the Secretary of State of Delaware.
PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS IS NOT A NOTICE OF A MEETING OF
STOCKHOLDERS AND NO STOCKHOLDERS MEETING WILL BE HELD TO CONSIDER THE MATTERS
DESCRIBED HEREIN. THIS INFORMATION STATEMENT IS BEING FURNISHED TO YOU SOLELY
FOR THE PURPOSE OF INFORMING STOCKHOLDERS OF THE MATTERS DESCRIBED HEREIN
PURSUANT TO SECTION 14(C) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT AND THE REGULATIONS PROMULGATED
THEREUNDER, INCLUDING REGULATION 14C.
By Order of the Board of Directors,
/s/ Chun
Lu
Chun Lu
Chairman of the Board
GENERAL INFORMATION
This Information Statement is being first mailed on or about
______________, to stockholders of the Company by the Board of Directors
to provide material information regarding corporate actions that have been
approved by the Written Consent of the Majority Stockholder.
Only one copy of this Information Statement is being delivered
to two or more stockholders who share an address unless we have received
contrary instruction from one or more of such stockholders. We will promptly
deliver, upon written or oral request, a separate copy of the Information
Statement to a security holder at a shared address to which a single copy of the
document was delivered. If you would like to request additional copies of the
Information Statement, or if in the future you would like to receive multiple
copies of information statements or proxy statements, or annual reports, or, if
you are currently receiving multiple copies of these documents and would, in the
future, like to receive only a single copy, please so instruct us by writing to
the corporate secretary at the Companys executive offices at the address
specified above.
PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS IS NOT A REQUEST FOR YOUR VOTE OR A
PROXY STATEMENT, BUT RATHER AN INFORMATION STATEMENT DESIGNED TO INFORM YOU OF
THE REINCORPORATION.
The entire cost of furnishing this Information Statement will
be borne by the Company. We will request brokerage houses, nominees, custodians,
fiduciaries and other like parties to forward this Information Statement to the
beneficial owners of the Common Stock held of record by them.
AUTHORIZATION BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
AND THE MAJORITY
STOCKHOLDER
Under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the
DGCL
) and our Bylaws, any action that can be taken at an annual
or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior
notice and without a vote, if the holders of outstanding stock having not less
than the minimum number of votes that will be necessary to authorize or take
such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were
present and voted consent to such action in writing. The approval of the
Reincorporation requires the affirmative vote or written consent of a majority
of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock. Each stockholder is
entitled to one vote per share of Common Stock on any matter which may properly
come before the stockholders.
On the Record Date, there were 30,181,552 shares of our Common
Stock issued and outstanding with the holders thereof being entitled to cast one
vote per share.
On December 5, 2011, our Board of Directors unanimously adopted
resolutions approving the Reincorporation and recommended that our stockholders
approve the Plan of Merger as set forth in
Appendix A
. In connection with
the adoption of these resolutions, our Board of Directors elected to seek the
written consent of the holders of a majority of our outstanding shares in order
to reduce associated costs and implement the proposals in a timely manner.
Our Board of Directors believes that the change in our state of
incorporation is desirable because it will result in the Company being
incorporated in a state with a widely recognized body of corporate law and no
state income or corporate franchise taxes.
CONSENTING STOCKHOLDERS
On December 5, 2011, Mr. Hua Peng Phillip Wong, being the
record holder of 17,797,372 shares of our Common Stock, constituting 58.97% of
our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, consented in writing to the
Reincorporation. Accordingly, we have obtained all necessary corporate approvals
in connection with the Reincorporation. We are not seeking written consent from
any other stockholder, and the other stockholders will not be given an
opportunity to vote with respect to the actions described in this Information
Statement. All necessary corporate approvals have been obtained. This
Information Statement is furnished solely for the purposes of advising
stockholders of the action taken by written consent and giving stockholders
notice of such actions taken as required by the Exchange Act.
As the actions taken by the Majority Stockholder were by
written consent, there will be no security holders meeting and representatives
of the principal accountants for the current year and for the most recently
completed fiscal year will not have the opportunity to make a statement if they
desire to do so and will not be available to respond to questions from our
stockholders.
2
We will, when permissible following the expiration of the 20
day period mandated by Rule 14c of the Exchange Act and the provisions of the
DGCL, execute the Plan of Merger and file Articles of Merger with the Secretary
of State of Nevada and a Certificate of Ownership and Merger with the Secretary
of State of Delaware to effect the Reincorporation. Our Board of Directors has
fixed _____________, as the effective date of the Reincorporation (the
Effective Date
). We expect the Reincorporation to occur on or
about the proposed Effective Date.
DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANYS CAPITAL STOCK
Our authorized capital currently consists of 300,000,000 shares
of Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per
share (the
Preferred Stock
). Each share of Common Stock entitles
its record holder to one vote per share. Holders of our Common Stock do not have
cumulative voting, conversion, redemption rights or preemptive rights to acquire
additional shares.
Shares of our Preferred Stock may be issued in one or more
classes or series within a class as may be determined by our Board of Directors,
who may increase or decrease the number within each series, and fix the
designations, powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other
rights of such series and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions
thereof. Any Preferred Stock so issued by our Board of Directors may rank senior
to the Common Stock with respect to the payment of dividends or amounts upon
liquidation, dissolution or winding, or both.
At the close of business on the Record Date, there were
30,181,552 shares of our Common Stock and no shares of our Preferred Stock
issued and outstanding.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL
OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial
ownership of our Common Stock as of the Record Date (i) by each person who is
known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our Common Stock; (ii) by each
of our officers and directors; and (iii) by all of our officers and directors as
a group.
Unless otherwise specified, the address of each of the persons
set forth below is in care of the Company, Xinqiao Industrial Park, Jingde
County, Anhui Province 242600, Peoples Republic of China.
Name and Address of Beneficial
Owner
|
Office, If Any
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Title of Class
|
Amount and
Nature of
Beneficial
Ownership
(1)
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Percent
of
Class
(2)
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Officers and
Directors
|
Chun Lu
|
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
|
Common Stock
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17,797,372
(3)
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58.97%
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Yuhua Yang
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Chief Financial Officer
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Common Stock
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0
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*
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Debin Chen
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VP of Sales and Marketing
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Common Stock
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0
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*
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Jianming Wang
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Chief Operating Officer
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Common Stock
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0
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*
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Baojia He
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Chief Technology Officer
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Common Stock
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0
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*
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Xiaoxiang Liu
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Director
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Common Stock
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0
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*
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Wei Zhang
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Director
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Common Stock
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0
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*
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All officers and directors as a
group
(7 persons named above)
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Common Stock
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17,797,372
(3)
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58.97%
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5% Security
Holders
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Hua Peng Phillip Wong
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Common Stock
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17,797,372
(3)
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58.97%
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AMTT Digital A Limited
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Common Stock
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4,130,000
(4)
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13.68%
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Jian Wu
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Common Stock
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4,130,000
(4)
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13.68%
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Ying Liu
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Common Stock
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2,490,129
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8.25%
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* Less than 1%
(1)
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Beneficial Ownership is determined in accordance with the
rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with
respect to securities. Each of the beneficial owners listed above has
direct ownership of and sole voting power and investment power with
respect to the shares of our Common Stock.
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(2)
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A total of 30,181,552 shares of our Common Stock are
considered to be outstanding pursuant to SEC Rule 13d-3(d)(1) as of the
Record Date. For each beneficial owner above, any options exercisable
within 60 days have been included in the denominator.
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(3)
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The shares held by Mr. Wong are subject to an option
agreement, dated May 4, 2010, which gives our Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer, Mr. Chun Lu, an option to acquire 17,797,372 shares our Common
Stock currently owned by Mr. Wong. Mr. Lu may exercise this option, in
whole but not in part, during the period commencing on the 365th day
following of the date of the option agreement and ending on the second
anniversary of that date. For details regarding this option agreement, see
Changes in Control below.
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(4)
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Includes 4,130,000 shares held by AMTT Digital A Limited,
a company owned and controlled by Mr. Jian Wu.
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3
Changes in Control
On May 4, 2010, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Mr.
Chun Lu, entered into an option agreement with Hua Peng Phillip Wong, pursuant
to which Mr. Lu was granted an option to acquire all of the shares of our Common
Stock currently owned by Mr. Wong for an exercise price of $1,000,000. Mr. Lu
may exercise this option, in whole but not in part, during the period commencing
on the 365th day following of the date of the option agreement and ending on the
second anniversary of the date thereof. After Mr. Lu exercises this option, he
will be our controlling stockholder. We are not aware of any other arrangements
which if consummated may result in a change of control of our Company.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
2010 and 2009
The following table sets forth information concerning all cash
and non-cash compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to the named persons for
services rendered in all capacities during the noted periods. No other executive
officer received total annual salary and bonus compensation in excess of
$100,000 during the noted periods.
Name and Principal Position
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Year
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Salary
($)
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Total
($)
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Chun Lu,
CEO and President
(1)
|
2010
|
$6,968
|
$6,968
|
2009
|
$3,167
|
$3,167
|
Jiao Jiaojiao,
former CEO and President
(2)
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2010
|
-
|
-
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2009
|
-
|
-
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Michael Anthony,
former CEO and President
(3)
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2010
|
-
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-
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2009
|
-
|
-
|
(1)
|
On May 4, 2010, we acquired TEC Technology Limited, a
Hong Kong limited company (
TEC HK
), in a reverse
acquisition transaction that was structured as a share exchange and in
connection with that transaction, Mr. Lu became our Chief Executive
Officer. Prior to the effective date of the reverse acquisition, Mr. Lu
served in the same capacity with TEC HKs Chinese operating subsidiary
Anhui TEC Tower Co., Ltd. (
TEC Tower
). The annual, long
term and other compensation shown in this table include the amount Mr. Lu
received from TEC Tower prior to the consummation of the reverse
acquisition.
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(2)
|
Ms. Jiaojiao Jiao resigned as our Chief Executive Officer
on May 4, 2010 in connection with the reverse acquisition of TEC
HK.
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(3)
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Mr. Michael Anthony served as our Chief Executive Officer
from October 13, 2007 until his resignation and appointment of Ms. Jiao on
January 13, 2010.
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Employment Agreements
All our employees, including Mr. Chun Lu, our Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Yuhua Yang, our Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Debin
Chen, our Vice President of Sales and Marketing, Mr. Baojia He, our Chief
Technology Officer, and Mr. Jianming Wang, Chief Operating Officer, have
executed our standard form of employment agreement. Our employment agreements
with our executives provide the amount of each executive officers salary and
establish their eligibility to receive a bonus. Mr. Lu currently receives an
annual salary of RMB 47,100 (approximately $6,968), Mr. Yang currently receives
an annual salary of RMB 25,387 (approximately $3,756), Mr. Chen currently
receives an annual salary of RMB163,194 (approximately $24,143), Mr. He
currently receives an annual salary of RMB99,146 (approximately $14,668) and Mr.
Wang currently receives an annual salary of RMB112,153 (approximately
$16,592).
4
Other than the salary and necessary social benefits required by
the Chinese government, which are defined in the employment agreements, we
currently do not provide other benefits to the officers at this time. Our
executive officers are not entitled to severance payments upon the termination
of their employment agreements or following a change in control.
We have not provided retirement benefits (other than a state
pension scheme in which all of our employees in China participate) or severance
or change of control benefits to our named executive officers.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End
For the year ended December 31, 2010, no director or executive
officer has received compensation from us pursuant to any compensatory or
benefit plan. There is no plan or understanding, express or implied, to pay any
compensation to any director or executive officer pursuant to any compensatory
or benefit plan.
Compensation of Directors
No member of our board of directors received any compensation
for his services as a director during the year ended December 31, 2010.
CHANGES TO OUR BUSINESS AND CHANGE OF CONTROL
We were originally organized under the laws of the State of
Florida, on July 22, 1988, under the name Sea Green, Inc. On June 3, 1998, we
changed our name to Americom Networks Corp. and on July 10, 1998, we changed our
name to Americom Networks International, Inc. From our inception until we ceased
active business operations in May 1999, we engaged in various business endeavors
and pursued several lines of business including the development and marketing of
telecommunications systems to high-volume users for use or resale. On February
6, 2008, we effected a redomestication from Florida to Delaware, pursuant to an
Agreement and Plan of Merger with Americom Networks International, Inc., or
Americom, a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary, whereby we
merged with and into Americom, with Americom being the surviving entity. The
merger became effective on February 6, 2008 and we became a Delaware
corporation. On August 15, 2008, we changed our name to Highland Ridge, Inc. and
our primary business became the search for a potential merger candidate or a
business to acquire.
On May 4, 2010, we completed a reverse acquisition transaction
with TEC HK and its sole shareholder, Mr. Hua Peng Phillip Wong, whereby we
acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of TEC HK in exchange
for 19,194,421 shares of our Common Stock, which constituted 63.6% of our issued
and outstanding capital stock on a fully-diluted basis as of and immediately
after the consummation of the reverse acquisition. Mr. Wong therefore became our
controlling stockholder and TEC HK became our wholly-owned subsidiary. We have
assumed the business operations and strategy of TEC HK and its Chinese
subsidiaries.
Upon the closing of the reverse acquisition on May 4, 2010, Ms.
Jiaojiao Jiao, our sole director and officer, submitted a resignation letter
pursuant to which she resigned from all offices that she held effective
immediately and from her position as our director that became effective on May
30, 2010. Mr. Chun Lu was
appointed as our director effective upon the
closing of the reverse acquisition. Also upon the closing of the reverse
acquisition, our board of directors increased its size to 3 members and
appointed Mr. Xiaoxiang Liu and Mr. Wei Zhang to fill the vacancies created by
such increase, effective as of the effective date of Ms. Jiaos resignation. In
addition, our executive officers were replaced by the executive officers of TEC
HK upon the closing of the reverse acquisition.
As a result of the reverse acquisition of TEC HK, we entered
into a new business. Through our Chinese operating subsidiaries, we are
primarily engaged in the design, production and sale of transmission towers and
related products used in high voltage electric power transmission and wireless
communications. We sell our tower products to prime contractors on large
transmission projects for electric utility companies or telecommunications
service providers, who are developing and constructing projects for end
customers.
5
CHANGE IN OUR STATE OF INCORPORATION
FROM DELAWARE TO
NEVADA
On December 5, 2011, our Board of Directors adopted
resolutions, subject to stockholder approval, to change the Companys state of
incorporation from Delaware to Nevada. In order to accomplish the change in the
state of incorporation, the Company will merge with and into a corporation which
has been incorporated in Nevada specifically for that purpose under the name
TEC Technology, Inc. (
TEC
). Pursuant to the terms of the Plan
of Merger, TEC will be the surviving corporation and the issued and outstanding
shares of our Common Stock will automatically be converted into shares of TECs
common stock at the rate of one share of TEC common stock for each one share of
our Common Stock. The form of the Plan of Merger is attached to this Information
Statement as
Appendix A
. Upon completion of the merger, the Articles of
Incorporation and Bylaws of TEC will become our governing instruments and will
differ in some respects from our current Certificate of Incorporation and
Bylaws, as more thoroughly discussed below.
Reasons for the Reincorporation
Nevada is a nationally-recognized leader in adopting and
implementing comprehensive and flexible corporation laws that are frequently
revised and updated to accommodate changing legal and business needs. In light
of our growth, our Board of Directors believes that it will be beneficial to the
Company and its stockholders to obtain the benefits of Nevadas corporation
laws. Nevada courts have developed considerable expertise in dealing with
corporate legal issues and have produced a substantial body of case law
construing Nevada corporation laws, with multiple cases concerning areas that
Delaware courts have not yet considered. Because the judicial system is based
largely on legal precedents, the abundance of Nevada case law should serve to
enhance the relative clarity and predictability of many areas of corporation
law, and allow our Board of Directors and management to make business decisions
and take corporate actions with greater assurance as to the validity and
consequences of such decisions and actions.
In addition, we anticipate that the Reincorporation will result
in a reduced corporate tax obligations, as Nevada currently imposes no corporate
income or franchise tax, while Delaware imposes an annual franchise tax, ranging
from a nominal amount to a maximum of $180,000. Our franchise tax obligation for
2010 was over $130,000.
Certain Effects of the Change in State of Incorporation
The Reincorporation will effect a change in our legal domicile;
however, the Reincorporation will not result in any change in headquarters,
business, jobs, management, location of any of offices or facilities, number of
employees, assets, liabilities or net worth (other than as a result of the costs
incident to the Reincorporation, which are immaterial). Management, including
all directors and officers, will remain the same in connection with the
Reincorporation and will assume identical positions with TEC. There will be no
substantive change in the employment agreements for executive officers or in
other direct or indirect interests of the current directors or executive
officers as a result of the Reincorporation. Upon the effective time of the
Reincorporation, each stockholders shares of Common Stock will be converted
into an equivalent number of shares of common stock of TEC.
As previously noted, the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws
of TEC will be the governing instruments of the surviving corporation following
the merger, resulting in some changes from our current Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws. Some of these changes are purely procedural in nature,
such as a change in our registered office and agent from an office and agent in
Delaware to an office and agent in Nevada. Some changes, however, will be
substantive in nature. There are also some differences between the DGCL and
Nevada corporation laws. Certain substantive changes to our current Certificate
of Incorporation and Bylaws, as well as the material differences between
Delaware and Nevada law are discussed below. Such summary does not purport to be
complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Delaware and Nevada
corporate laws and the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of TEC, copies of
which are included herewith as
Appendix B
and
Appendix C
,
respectively. For ease of comparison, our current Certificate of Incorporation
and Bylaws are included herewith as
Appendix D
and
Appendix E
,
respectively.
As disclosed in more detail under
Anti-Takeover Effects of
Certain Provisions of Nevada Law and TECs Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws
below, certain provisions of TECs Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws and applicable provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes may have
anti-takeover effects, making it more difficult for or preventing a third party
from acquiring control of our Company or changing our Board of Directors and
management. These provisions may also have the effect of deterring hostile
takeovers or delaying changes in our Companys control or in our management
6
Changes to Certificate of Incorporation
(a)
|
Limited Liability of Directors and
Officers
.
|
The Articles of Incorporation of TEC limit the liability of its
directors to the maximum extent permitted by Nevada law. As a result, a director
will have no personal liability to TEC or its stockholders for damages for
breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer, except for (a) acts or
omissions which involve intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of
law, or (b) the payment of distributions in violation of section 78.300 of the
Nevada Revised Statutes. Our current Certificate of Incorporation contains a
similar provision limiting the liability of our directors to the maximum extent
permitted under Delaware law. Please see the discussion under the heading
Change from Delaware Law to Nevada Law
below for more details regarding
the differences between Delaware and Nevada law with respect to the liability of
directors and officers.
(b)
|
Indemnification of Directors and
Officers
.
|
The Articles of Incorporation of TEC allow it to indemnify any
person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such
person is or was a director or officer of TEC, or who is or was serving at the
request of TEC as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys
fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably
incurred by such person in connection with the action, suit or proceeding, to
the full extent permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes. Our current
Certificate of Incorporation contains a similar provision providing for
indemnification to the maximum extent permitted under Delaware law. Please see
the discussion under the heading
Change from Delaware Law to Nevada Law
below for more details regarding the differences between Delaware and Nevada law
with respect to the indemnification of directors and officers.
Our Board of Directors has determined that it is in the best
interest of the Company to provide such indemnification of our directors and
officers under certain circumstances in order to attract and retain superior
candidates for these positions. We understand, however, that insofar as
indemnification by us for liabilities arising under the Exchange Act may be
permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to
provisions of TECs Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, or otherwise, we have
been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against
public policy and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for
indemnification by such director, officer or controlling person in the
successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
offered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been
settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction
the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as
expressed in the Exchange Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of
such issue.
(c)
|
No Restrictions on Business Combinations with
Interested Stockholders
.
|
In its Articles of Incorporation, TEC has elected not to be
governed by the terms and provisions of Sections 78.411 through 78.444,
inclusive, of the Nevada Revised Statutes, regulating corporate takeovers. The
application of these sections of the Nevada Revised Statutes would have limited
the ability of our stockholders to approve a transaction that they may deem to
be in their interests. Our Board of Directors has determined that remaining
subject to this statute would place unnecessary burdens on the Company in
connection with the completion of beneficial business transactions with
interested stockholders, and has thus decided to forego the provisions of these
sections of the Nevada Revised Statutes. The DGCL subjects the Company to
similar restrictions on transactions with interested stockholders, summarized
below under the heading
Change from Delaware Law to Nevada Law
, but our
current Certificate of Incorporation does not contain a provision expressly
electing not to be governed by that statute.
(d)
|
No Restrictions on Control Share
Acquisitions
.
|
In its Articles of Incorporation, TEC has elected not to be
governed by the terms and provisions of Sections 78.378 through 78.3793,
inclusive, of the Nevada Revised Statutes, restricting certain acquisitions of a
controlling interest in a corporation. Our Board of Directors has determined
that remaining subject to this statute would place unnecessary burdens on the
Company in connection with the completion of third party financings, and has
thus decided to forego the provisions of these sections of the Nevada Revised
Statutes. The DGCL subjects the Company to similar restrictions on control share
acquisitions, summarized below under the heading
Change from Delaware Law to
Nevada Law
, but our current Certificate of Incorporation does not contain a
provision expressly electing not to be governed by that statute.
7
Changes to Bylaws
In accordance with the Nevada Revised Statutes, TECs Bylaws
provide that any director may be removed either for or without cause at any
special meeting of stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds
of the voting power of the issued and outstanding stock entitled to vote;
provided, however, that notice of intention to act upon such matter shall have
been given in the notice calling such meeting. Our current Bylaws align provide
that directors may be removed, either with or without cause, by the affirmative
vote of a majority of the votes of the issued and outstanding stock entitled to
vote for the election of directors.
(b)
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Expiration of Proxies
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The Bylaws of TEC provide that the appointment of a proxy may
be valid for up to 6 months, unless the proxy provides for a longer period, not
exceeding 7 years. Our current Bylaws provide that the appointment of a proxy
may be valid for up to 3 years, unless it provides for a longer period.
(c)
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Issuance of Uncertificated
Shares
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The Bylaws of TEC provide that the Board of Directors may
authorize the issuance of uncertificated shares of some or all of the shares of
its classes or series; provided that, (i) within a reasonable time after the
issuance or transfer of uncertificated shares, TEC send the stockholder a
written statement containing the information required on the certificates and
(ii) at least annually thereafter, TEC provide to its stockholders of record a
written statement confirming the information contained in such informational
statement. Our current Bylaws do not provide for the issuance of uncertificated
shares.
Change from Delaware Law to Nevada Law
As a result of the Reincorporation, the Company will now be
governed by Nevada corporation laws. The following chart summarizes some of the
material differences between the DGCL and Nevada corporation laws. This chart
does not address each difference between Delaware law and Nevada law, but
focuses on some of those differences which we believe are most relevant to the
existing stockholders. This chart is not intended as an exhaustive list of all
differences, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to Delaware and
Nevada law.
Delaware
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Nevada
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Removal of Directors
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The DGCL permits the holders of a majority of shares of a
corporation without a classified board then entitled to vote in an
election of directors to remove directors, with or without cause. Our
current Bylaws align with the DGCL.
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Under Nevada law, any one or all of the directors of a
corporation may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of not
less than two-thirds of the voting power of a corporations issued and
outstanding stock. TECs Bylaws align with Nevada law.
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Dividends and other Distributions
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Section 170 of the DGCL permits the directors of a
corporation, subject to any restrictions contained in its certificate of
incorporation, to declare and pay dividends upon the shares of its capital
stock, either (1) out of its surplus, as computed in accordance with the
DGCL, or (2) in case there is no surplus, out of its net profits for the
fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal
year. But such dividends cannot be declared out of net profits if the
capital of the corporation has diminished by depreciation in the value of
its property, or by losses or otherwise, to an amount less than the
aggregate amount of the capital represented by the issued and outstanding
stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets.
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Nevada law prohibits distributions to stockholders when
the distributions would (i) render the corporation unable to pay its debts
as they become due in the usual course of business and (ii) render the
corporations total assets less than the sum of its total liabilities plus
the amount that would be needed to satisfy the preferential rights upon
dissolution of stockholders whose preferential rights are superior to
those receiving the distribution.
Section 78.300 of the Nevada Revised Statutes imposes on
any director under whose administration distributions are declared in
violation of the foregoing provision, personal liability to a
corporations creditors in the event of its dissolution or insolvency, up to the full amount of the
unlawful distribution, for a period of 3 years following a dividend
declaration, unless such directors dissent was recorded in the minutes of
the proceedings approving the distribution.
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Delaware
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Nevada
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Section 174 of the DGCL also imposes on any director
under whose administration distributions are declared in violation of the
foregoing provision, personal liability to a corporations creditors in
the event of its dissolution or insolvency, up to the full amount of the
unlawful distribution, for a period of 6 years following a dividend
declaration, unless such directors dissent was recorded in the minutes of
the proceedings approving the distribution.
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Limitation of Liability
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A Delaware corporation is permitted to adopt provisions
in its certificate of incorporation limiting or eliminating the liability
of a director to a company and its stockholders for monetary damages for
breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such liability does
not arise from certain proscribed conduct, including breach of the duty of
loyalty, acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional
misconduct or a knowing violation of law or liability to the corporation
based on unlawful dividends or distributions or improper personal benefit.
Our current Certificate of Incorporation currently limits the liability of
its directors to the fullest extent permitted by law.
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Under Nevada law, unless the articles of incorporation
provide for greater individual liability, a director or officer is not
individually liable to the corporation or its stockholders for any damages
as a result of any act or failure to act in his capacity as a director or
office unless it is proven that: (a) his act or failure to act constituted
a breach of his fiduciary duties as a director or officer; and (b) his
breach of those duties involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing
violation of law. TECs Articles of Incorporation provide that no director
or officer will be personally liable to the corporation or any of its
stockholders for damages for any breach of fiduciary duty except (i) for
acts or omissions which involve intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing
violation of law, or (ii) for the payment of dividends in violation of
Section 78.300 of the Nevada Revised Statutes.
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Indemnification
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Under the DGCL, the indemnification of directors and
officers is authorized to cover judgments, amounts paid in settlement, and
expenses arising out of non-derivative actions where the director or
officer acted in good faith and in or not opposed to the best interests of
the corporation, and, in criminal cases, where the director or officer had
no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.
Unless limited or denied by the corporations certificate of
incorporation, indemnification is required to the extent of a directors
or officers successful defense. Additionally, under the DGCL, a
corporation may reimburse directors and officers for expenses incurred in
a derivative action.
However, we have included undertakings in various
registration statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
that in the event a claim for indemnification is asserted by a director or
officer relating to liabilities under the Exchange Act, we will, unless in
the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling
precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of
whether indemnification would be against public policy and will be
governed by any final adjudication of such issue.
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In suits that are not brought by or in the right of the
corporation, Nevada law permits a corporation to indemnify directors,
officers, employees and agents for attorneys fees and other expenses,
judgments and amounts paid in settlement. The person seeking indemnity may
recover as long as he acted in good faith and believed his actions were
either in the best interests of or not opposed to the best interests of
the corporation. Similarly, the person seeking indemnification must not
have had any reason to believe his conduct was unlawful.
In derivative suits, a corporation may indemnify its
agents for expenses that the person actually and reasonably incurred. A
corporation may not indemnify a person if the person was adjudged to be
liable to the corporation unless a court otherwise orders.
No corporation may indemnify a party unless it makes a
determination, through its stockholders, directors or independent counsel,
that the indemnification is proper.
TECs Articles of Incorporation currently indemnifies its
officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law.
TEC, as successor to the Company in the Reincorporation,
will abide by any undertakings made by the Company in registration statements or reports filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission that in the event a claim for
indemnification is asserted by a director or officer relating to
liabilities under the Exchange Act, TEC will, unless in the opinion of its
counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a
court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether indemnification
would be against public policy and will be governed by any final
adjudication of such issue.
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Delaware
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Nevada
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Increasing or Decreasing Authorized Shares
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Delaware law contains no such similar provision.
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Nevada law allows the board of directors of a
corporation, unless restricted by the articles of incorporation, to
increase or decrease the number of authorized shares in the class or
series of the corporations shares and correspondingly effect a forward or
reverse split of any such class or series of the corporations shares
without a vote of the stockholders, so long as the action taken does not
change or alter any right or preference of the stockholder and does not
include any provision or provisions pursuant to which only money will be
paid or script issued to stockholders who hold 10% or more of the
outstanding shares of the affected class and series, and who would
otherwise be entitled to receive fractions of shares in exchange for the
cancellation of all of their outstanding shares.
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Corporate Opportunity
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Delaware law provides that contracts or transactions
between a corporation and one or more of its officers or directors or an
entity in which they have an interest is not void or voidable solely
because of such interest or the participation of the director or officer
in a meeting of the board or a committee which authorizes the contract or
transaction if: (i) the material facts as to the relationship or interest
and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the
board or the committee, and the board or the committee in good faith
authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative vote of a
majority of disinterested directors; (ii) the material facts as to the
relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are
disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and
the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by a
vote of the stockholders; or (iii) the contract or transaction is fair as
to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified
by the board of directors, a committee thereof, or the stockholders.
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Under Nevada law, a director breaches her duty of loyalty
to the corporation if the director takes a business opportunity that is
within the scope of the corporations potential business for himself or
presents it to another party without first giving the corporation an
opportunity to fairly consider the business opportunity. All such
opportunities should be presented first to the corporation and fully
considered.
However, a contract or other transaction is not void or
voidable solely because the contract or transaction is between a Nevada
corporation and its director if the fact of financial interest is known to
the board of directors or committee, and the board or committee
authorizes, approves or ratifies the contract or transaction in good faith
by a vote sufficient for the purpose without counting the vote of the
interested director, and the contract or transaction is fair as to the
corporation at the time it is authorized.
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Expiration of Proxies
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Section 212 of the DGCL provides that the appointment of
a proxy with no expiration date may be valid for up to 3 years, but that a
proxy may be provided for a longer period. Furthermore, a duly executed
proxy may be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, it is
coupled with an interest in the stock itself or an interest in the
corporation generally, sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power.
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Nevada law provides that proxies may not be valid for
more than 6 months, unless the proxy is coupled with an interest or the
stockholder specifies that the proxy is to continue in force for a longer
period, not to exceed 7 years.
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Delaware
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Nevada
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Interested Stockholder Combinations
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Delaware has a business combination statute, set forth in
Section 203 of the DGCL, which provides that any person who acquires 15%
or more of a corporations voting stock (thereby becoming an interested
stockholder) may not engage in certain business combinations with the
target corporation for a period of three years following the time the
person became an interested stockholder, unless (i) the board of directors
of the corporation has approved, prior to the interested stockholders
acquisition of stock, either the business combination or the transaction
that resulted in the person becoming an interested stockholder, (ii) upon
consummation of the transaction that resulted in the person becoming an
interested stockholder, that person owns at least 85% of the corporations
voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction is commenced
(excluding shares owned by persons who are both directors and officers and
shares owned by employee stock plans in which participants do not have the
right to determine confidentially whether shares will be tendered in a
tender or exchange offer), or (iii) the business combination is approved
by the board of directors and authorized by the affirmative vote (at an
annual or special meeting and not by written consent) of at least
two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested
stockholder.
For purposes of determining whether a person is the
owner of 15% or more of a corporations voting stock for purposes of
Section 203 of the DGCL, ownership is defined broadly to include the
right, directly or indirectly, to acquire the stock or to control the
voting or disposition of the stock. A business combination is also defined
broadly to include (i) mergers and sales or other dispositions of 10% or
more of the assets of a corporation with or to an interested stockholder,
(ii) certain transactions resulting in the issuance or transfer to the
interested stockholder of any stock of the corporation or its
subsidiaries, (iii) certain transactions which would result in increasing
the proportionate share of the stock of a corporation or its subsidiaries
owned by the interested stockholder, and (iv) receipt by the interested
stockholder of the benefit (except proportionately as a stockholder) of
any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits.
These restrictions placed on interested stockholders by
Section 203 of the DGCL do not apply under certain circumstances,
including, but not limited to, the following: (i) if the corporations
original certificate of incorporation contains a provision expressly
electing not to be governed by Section 203 or (ii) if the corporation, by
action of its stockholders, adopts an amendment to its bylaws or
certificate of incorporation expressly electing not to be governed by
Section 203, provided that such an amendment is approved by the
affirmative vote of not less than a majority of the outstanding shares
entitled to vote and that such an amendment will not be effective until 12
months after its adoption (except for limited circumstances
where effectiveness will occur immediately) and will not apply to any
business combination with a person who became an interested stockholder at
or prior to such adoption.
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Section 78.438 of the Nevada Revised Statutes prohibits a
Nevada corporation from engaging in any business combination with any
interested stockholder (any entity or person beneficially owning, directly
or indirectly, 10% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the
corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or
controlled by any of these entities or persons) for a period of three
years following the date that the stockholder became an interested
stockholder, unless prior to that date, the board of directors of the
corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction
that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder.
Section 78.439 provides that business combinations after
the three year period following the date that the stockholder becomes an
interested stockholder may also be prohibited unless approved by the
corporations directors or other stockholders or unless the price and
terms of the transaction meet the criteria set forth in the statute.
TECs Articles of Incorporation contain a provision
expressly electing not to be governed by these provisions of the Nevada
Revised Statues.
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Delaware
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Nevada
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Our current Certificate of Incorporation does not contain
a provision expressly electing not to be governed by that statute.
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Control Share Acquisitions
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Delawares control share acquisition statute generally
provides that shares acquired in a control share acquisition will not
possess any voting rights unless either the board of directors approves
the acquisition or such voting rights are approved by a majority of the
corporations voting shares, excluding interested shares. Interested
shares are those held by a corporations officers and inside directors and
by the acquiring party. A control share acquisition is an acquisition,
directly or indirectly, by any person of ownership of, or the power to
direct the exercise of voting power with respect to, issued and
outstanding control shares of a publicly held Delaware corporation.
Control shares are shares that, except for Delawares control share
acquisition statute, would have voting power that, when added to all other
shares that can be voted by the acquiring party, would entitle the
acquiring party, immediately after the acquisition of such shares,
directly or indirectly, to exercise voting power in the election of
directors within any of the following ranges: (1) at least 20% but less
than 33 1/3% of all voting power; (2) at least 33 1/3% but less than a
majority of all voting power; or (3) a majority or more of all voting
power.
Our current Certificate of Incorporation does not contain
a provision expressly electing not to be governed by this statute.
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Sections 78.378 through 78.3793 of the Nevada Revised
Statutes limit the voting rights of certain acquired shares in a
corporation. The provisions generally apply to any acquisition of
outstanding voting securities of a Nevada corporation that has 200 or more
stockholders, at least 100 of which are Nevada residents, and conducts
business in Nevada (an issuing corporation) resulting in ownership of
one of the following categories of an issuing corporation's then
outstanding voting securities: (i) 20% or more but less than 23%; (ii) 23%
or more but less than 50%; or (iii) 50% or more. The securities acquired
in such acquisition are denied voting rights unless a majority of the
security holders approve the granting of such voting rights. Unless an
issuing corporations articles of incorporation or bylaws then in effect
provide otherwise: (i) voting securities acquired are also redeemable in
part or in whole by an issuing corporation at the average price paid for
the securities within 30 days if the acquiring person has not given a
timely information statement to an issuing corporation or if the
stockholders vote not to grant voting rights to the acquiring person's
securities, and (ii) if outstanding securities and the security holders
grant voting rights to such acquiring person, then any security holder who
voted against granting voting rights to the acquiring person may demand
the purchase from an issuing corporation, for fair value, all or any
portion of his securities.
TECs Articles of Incorporation contain a provision
expressly electing not to be governed by these provisions of the Nevada
Revised Statues.
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Taxes and Fees
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Delaware imposes annual franchise tax fees on all
corporations incorporated in Delaware. The annual fee ranges from a
nominal fee to a maximum of $180,000, based on an equation consisting of
the number of shares authorized, the number of shares outstanding and the
net assets of the corporation. Our franchise tax obligation for 2010 was
over $130,000.
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Nevada charges corporations incorporated in Nevada
nominal annual corporate fees based on the corporations authorized stock,
as well as a $200 business license fee, and does not impose any franchise
taxes on corporations. Based on TECs current authorized shares, we
anticipate that TECs obligation for the annual corporate fee will be
$275.
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Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Nevada Law
and TECs Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws
The SECs Release No. 34-15230 requires disclosure and
discussion of the effects of any stockholder proposal that may be used as an
anti-takeover device. Certain provisions of Nevadas corporation law and TECs
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws may have the effect of discouraging,
delaying or preventing a change in control or an unsolicited acquisition proposal that a stockholder might consider favorable, including
a proposal that might result in the payment of a premium over the market price
for the shares held by stockholders. These provisions are summarized in the
following paragraphs.
12
Limitation of Director Liability
. TECs Articles of
Incorporation limit the liability of directors (in their capacity as directors
but not in their capacity as officers) to us or our stockholders to the fullest
extent permitted by Nevada law. Specifically, TECs directors will not be
personally liable for monetary damages for breach of a directors fiduciary duty
as a director, except for liability: (a) for acts or omissions which involve
intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law; or (b) under
Section 78.300 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, which relates to unlawful
payments of dividends.
Indemnification Arrangements
. TECs Articles of
Incorporation provide that its directors and officers be indemnified and provide
for the advancement to them of expenses in connection with actual or threatened
proceedings and claims arising out of their status as such to the fullest extent
permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes. We expect to enter into
indemnification agreements with each TECs directors and executive officers that
provide them with rights to indemnification and expense advancement to the
fullest extent permitted under the Nevada Revised Statutes.
Removal of Directors
. The increase in the number of
votes required to remove a director from the Board of Directors may make it more
difficult for, or prevent or deter a third party from acquiring control of TEC
or changing TECs board of directors and management, as well as inhibit
fluctuations in the market price of TECs shares that could result from actual
or rumored takeover attempts.
While it is possible that the management could use these
provisions to resist or frustrate a third-party transaction providing an
above-market premium that is favored by a majority of the stockholders, we did
not intend to construct or enable any anti-takeover defense or mechanism on our
behalf. We have no intent or plan to employ these provisions as anti-takeover
devices and do not have any plans or proposals to adopt any other provisions or
enter into other arrangements that may have material anti-takeover consequences.
Anticipated Federal Tax Consequences
We have not requested and will not request a ruling from the
Internal Revenue Service, nor have we requested or received a tax opinion from
an attorney, as to the various tax consequences of the Reincorporation in the
State of Nevada. We are structuring the Reincorporation in an effort to obtain
the following consequences:
(a)
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the Reincorporation in the State of Nevada, to be
accomplished by a merger between the Company and TEC, will constitute a
tax-free reorganization within the meaning of section 368(a)(1)(F) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986;
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no gain or loss for federal income tax purposes will be
recognized by our stockholders on receipt by them of the common stock of
TEC in exchange for shares of our Common Stock;
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(c)
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the basis of the TEC common stock received by our
stockholders in exchange for their shares of our Common Stock pursuant to
the Reincorporation in the State of Nevada will be the same as the basis
for our Common Stock; and
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the holding period for the TEC common stock for capital
gains treatment received in exchange for our Common Stock will include the
period during which our Common Stock exchanged therefor is
held.
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This discussion should not be considered as tax or investment
advice, and the tax consequences of the Reincorporation may not be the same for
all stockholders. It should be noted that the foregoing positions are not
binding on the Internal Revenue Service, which may challenge the tax-free nature
of the Reincorporation in the state of Nevada. A successful challenge by the
Internal Revenue Service could result in taxable income to the Company, TEC, and
our stockholders, as well as other adverse tax consequences. ACCORDINGLY, EACH
STOCKHOLDER SHOULD CONSULT WITH HIS OR HER OWN TAX ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO ALL
OF THE POTENTIAL TAX CONSEQUENCES TO HIM OR HER OF THE REINCORPORATION.
13
Exchange of Stock Certificates
Following effectiveness of the Reincorporation in Nevada, all
stock certificates which represented shares of our Common Stock shall represent
ownership of TECs common stock. We will print new stock certificates and we
will obtain a new CUSIP number for our Common Stock that reflects the change in
our state of incorporation, although stockholders will not be required to tender
their old stock certificates for transfer. However, to eliminate confusion in
transactions in our securities in the over-the-counter market, management urges
stockholders to surrender their old certificates in exchange for new
certificates and has adopted a policy to facilitate this process. Each
stockholder will be entitled to submit his or her old stock certificates (any
certificates issued prior to the effective date of the change in our state of
incorporation) to our transfer agent, Interwest Transfer Co., Inc., and to be
issued in exchange therefor, new common stock certificates representing the
number of shares of TECs common stock of which each stockholder is the record
owner after giving effect to the Reincorporation, and for a period of 30 days
after the Effective Date, we will pay on one occasion only for such issuance. We
will not pay for issuing stock certificates in the name of a person other than
the name appearing on the old certificate or for the issuance of new stock
certificates in excess of the number of old certificates submitted by a
stockholder. STOCKHOLDERS SHOULD NOT DESTROY ANY STOCK CERTIFICATE(S).
Securities Act Consequences
The shares of TECs common stock to be issued in exchange for
shares of our Common Stock are not being registered under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the
Securities Act
). In that regard, TEC is
relying on Rule 145(a)(2) under the Securities Act, which provides that a merger
which has as its sole purpose a change in the domicile of a corporation does
not involve the sale of securities for purposes of the Securities Act. Pursuant
to Rule 145 under the Securities Act, the merger of the Company into TEC and the
issuance of shares of common stock of TEC in exchange for the shares of the
Companys Common Stock is exempt from registration under the Securities Act,
since the purpose of the transaction is a change of our domicile within the
United States. The effect of the exemption is that the shares of our Common
Stock issuable as a result of the Reincorporation may be resold by the former
stockholders without restriction to the same extent that such shares may have
been sold before the effectiveness of the Reincorporation.
DISSENTERS RIGHTS
No dissenters or appraisal rights are required under Delaware
law because under Delaware law, TECs sole stockholder was not required to
approve the Reincorporation. The Plan of Merger adopted TECs Articles of
Incorporation, each outstanding share of our Common Stock immediately prior to
the effective date of the Reincorporation is to be an identical to each share of
TECs outstanding common stock after the effective date, and no additional
shares of TECs common stock are to be issued or delivered under the Plan of
Merger.
FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION
For more detailed information about us, including financial
statements and other information about our business and operations, please refer
to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 5, 2011 and other periodic
filings made with the SEC from time to time. Copies of these documents are
available on the SECs EDGAR database at www.sec.gov and a copies of which may
be obtained by writing our secretary at the address specified above.
14
APPENDICES
The following documents are appended to this information
statement:
15
Appendix A
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (hereinafter called this
Agreement
), dated as of ______________, is entered into between
TEC Technology, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
Company
) and
TEC Technology, Inc., a Nevada corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the
Company (
Merger Sub
). The Company and Merger Sub are sometimes
together referred to herein as the
Constituent Entities
.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, Merger Sub was formed in the State of Nevada on
December 5, 2011 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company; and
WHEREAS, the board of directors of each of the Company and
Merger Sub deems it advisable and in the best interests of the Company and
Merger Sub, respectively, upon the terms and subject to the conditions herein
stated, that the Company be merged with and into Merger Sub and that Merger Sub
be the surviving corporation (the
Merger
).
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the
agreements of the parties hereto contained herein, the parties hereto agree in
accordance with the applicable provisions of the laws of the States of Delaware
and Nevada which permit such merger, as follows:
ARTICLE I
MERGER; EFFECTIVE TIME
1.1
The Merger
. Upon the terms and subject to the
conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time (as defined
below), the Company shall be merged with and into Merger Sub, whereupon the
separate existence of the Company shall cease.
1.2
Effective Time
. The Merger shall become effective on
___________, following the filing of a certificate of ownership and merger with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and the filing of articles of
merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada (the
Effective
Time
).
ARTICLE II
SURVIVING CORPORATION
2.1
Surviving Corporation
. The name of the Surviving
Corporation shall be TEC Technology, Inc. (sometimes hereinafter referred to
as the
Surviving Corporation
).
ARTICLE III
TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE MERGER
3.1
Articles of Incorporation
. The Articles of
Incorporation of Merger Sub in effect at the Effective Time shall be the
Articles of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation, and shall continue in
full force and effect until amended and changed in accordance with the
provisions provided therein or the applicable provisions of Nevada Revised
Statutes, as amended (the
Nevada Statutes
).
3.2
Bylaws
. The Bylaws of Merger Sub in effect at the
Effective Time shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, and shall
continue in full force and effect until amended and changed in accordance with
the provisions provided therein or the applicable provisions of the Nevada
Statutes.
3.3
Directors
. The directors of Merger Sub at the
Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, continue to be the
directors of the Surviving Corporation, until their successors have been duly
elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or
removal.
3.4
Officers
. The officers of Merger Sub at the
Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, continue to be the
officers of the Surviving Corporation, until their successors have been duly
elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or
removal.
3.5
Submission to Stockholder Vote
.
This
Agreement shall be submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Constituent
Entities, respectively, as provided by applicable law, and shall take effect,
and be deemed to be the Plan of Merger of the Constituent Entities, upon the
approval or adoption thereof by such stockholders in accordance with the
requirements of the laws of the States of Delaware and Nevada, respectively.
3.6
Filing of Articles of Merger in the State of Nevada
.
As soon as practicable after the requisite stockholder approvals referenced in
Section 3.5 hereof, each of the Constituent Entities shall execute and deliver
articles of merger for filing and recording with the Secretary of State of the
State of Nevada in accordance with the Nevada Statutes.
3.7
Filing of Certificate of Merger in the State of
Delaware
. As soon as practicable after the requisite stockholder approvals
referenced in Section 3.5 hereof, the Company shall execute and deliver a
certificate of ownership and merger for filing and recording with the Secretary
of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware.
ARTICLE IV
EFFECT OF MERGER
4.1
Effect of Merger on Constituent Entities
.
At
the Effective Time, the Constituent Entities shall become a single corporation,
which shall be Merger Sub, and the separate existence of the Company shall cease
except to the extent provided by the laws of the States of Delaware and Nevada.
Merger Sub shall thereupon and thereafter possess all the rights, privileges,
immunities and franchises, of both a public and private nature, of each of the
Constituent Entities; and all property, real, personal and mixed, and all debts
due on whatever account, including subscriptions to shares, and all other
choices in action, and all and every other interest of, or belonging to, or due
to each of the Constituent Entities, shall be taken and deemed to be vested in
Merger Sub, without further act or deed; and the title to all real estate, or
any interest therein, vested in either of the Constituent Entities shall not
revert or be in any way impaired by reason of the Merger. Merger Sub shall
thenceforth be responsible and liable for all of the liabilities and obligations
of each of the Constituent Entities and any existing claim, action or proceeding
pending by or against either of the Constituent Entities may be prosecuted to
judgment as if the Merger had not occurred, or the Surviving Entity may be
substituted in such claim, action or proceeding, and neither the rights of
creditors nor any liens upon the property of either of the Constituent Entities
shall be impaired by the Merger.
4.2
Effect of Merger on Capital Stock
. At the Effective
Time, as a result of the Merger and without any further action on the part of
the Constituent Entities or their stockholders:
(a) each share of the common stock of the Company issued and
outstanding immediately prior thereto shall be converted into one fully paid and
nonassessable share of the common stock of Merger Sub with the same rights,
powers and privileges as the shares of the common stock of the Company so
converted, and all shares of such common stock shall be cancelled and retired
and shall cease to exist;
(b) all outstanding and unexercised portions of each option,
warrant and security exercisable or convertible by its terms into the common
stock of the Company (including convertible promissory notes), whether vested or
unvested, which is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (each, a
Company Stock Option
”) shall be assumed by Merger Sub and shall be deemed to constitute an option, warrant or convertible security, as the case may be, to acquire the same number of shares of the common stock of Merger Sub as the holder
of such Company Stock Option would have been entitled to receive had such holder exercised or converted such Company Stock Option in full immediately prior to the Effective Time (not taking into account whether such Company Stock Option was in fact
exercisable or convertible at such time), at the same exercise price per share, and shall, to the extent permitted by law and otherwise reasonably practicable, have the same term, exercisability, vesting schedule, status and all other material terms
and conditions; and Merger Sub shall take all steps to ensure that a sufficient number of shares of its common stock is reserved for the exercise of such Company Stock Options; and
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(c) each share of the common stock of Merger Sub owned by the Company shall no longer be outstanding and shall be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist.
4.3
Certificates
.
At and after the Effective Time, all of the outstanding certificates that immediately prior thereto represented shares of the common stock of the Company and options, warrants or other securities of the Company,
shall be deemed for all purposes to evidence ownership of and to represent the shares of the respective shares of the common stock of Merger Sub and options, warrants or other securities of Merger Sub, as the case may be, into which the shares
represented by such certificates have been converted as herein provided and shall be so registered on the books and records of Merger Sub or its transfer agent. The registered owner of any such outstanding certificate shall, until such certificate
shall have been surrendered for transfer or otherwise accounted for to Merger Sub or its transfer agent, have and be entitled to exercise any voting and other rights with respect to, and to receive any dividends and other distributions upon, the
shares of the common stock of the Company and options, warrants or other securities of Merger Sub, as the case may be, evidenced by such outstanding certificate, as above provided.
ARTICLE V
MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL
5.1
Further Assurances
. From time to time, as and when required by Merger Sub or by its successors or assigns, there shall be executed and delivered on behalf of the Company such deeds, assignments and other instruments, and there shall be
taken or caused to be taken by it all such further action as shall be appropriate or advisable or necessary in order to vest, perfect or confirm, of record or otherwise, in Merger Sub, the title to and possession of all property, interests, assets,
rights, privileges, immunities, powers, franchises and authority of the Company, and otherwise to carry out the purposes of this Agreement. The officers and directors of Merger Sub are fully authorized in the name of and on behalf of the Company, or
otherwise, to take any and all such actions and to execute and deliver any and all such deeds and other instruments as may be necessary or appropriate to accomplish the foregoing.
5.2
Termination
. Anything herein or elsewhere to the contrary notwithstanding, this Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned, at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after approval of this Agreement by
the stockholders of the Company, if the board of directors of the Company determines for any reason, in its sole judgment and discretion, that the consummation of the Merger would be inadvisable or not in the best interests of the Company and its
stockholders. In the event of the termination and abandonment of this Agreement, this Agreement shall become null and void and have no effect, without any liability on the part of either the Company or Merger Sub, or any of their respective
stockholders, directors or officers.
5.3
Modification or Amendment
. Subject to the provisions of applicable law, at any time prior to the Effective Time, the Board of Directors of the Constituent Entities may amend, modify or supplement this Agreement, notwithstanding approval
of this Agreement by the stockholders; provided, however, that an amendment made subsequent to the approval of this Agreement by the stockholders shall not (a) alter or change the amount or kind of shares and/or rights to be received in exchange for
or on conversion of all or any of the shares or any class or series thereof of such corporation, (b) alter or change any provision of the Articles of
Incorporation of Merger Sub to be effected by the Merger, or (c) alter or change any of the terms or conditions of this Agreement if such alteration or change would adversely affect the holders of any class or series of capital stock of any of the
parties hereto.
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5.4
Tax-Free Reorganization
. The Merger is intended to be a tax-free plan or reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(F) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
5.5
GOVERNING LAW
. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE MADE IN AND IN ALL RESPECTS SHALL BE INTERPRETED, CONSTRUED AND GOVERNED BY AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEVADA WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES
THEREOF.
5.6
Entire Agreement
. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior agreements, understandings, representations and warranties, both written and oral, among the parties, with respect to the subject matter
hereof.
5.7
No Third Party Beneficiaries
. This Agreement is not intended to confer upon any person other than the parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder.
5.8
Severability
. The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed severable and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof. If any provision of this
Agreement, or the application thereof to any person or any circumstance, is determined by any court or other authority of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, (a) a suitable and equitable provision shall be substituted therefor in
order to carry out, so far as may be valid and enforceable, the intent and purpose of such invalid or unenforceable provision and (b) the remainder of this Agreement and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not
be affected by such invalidity or unenforceability, nor shall such invalidity or unenforceability affect the validity or enforceability of such provision, or the application thereof, in any other jurisdiction.
5.9
Headings
. The headings herein are for convenience of reference only, do not constitute part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or otherwise affect any of the provisions hereof.
5.10
Counterparts
. In order to facilitate the filing and recording of this Agreement, it may be executed in any number of counterparts, each such counterpart being deemed to be an original instrument, and all such counterparts shall together
constitute the same agreement.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement and Plan of Merger has been
duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized officers of the parties
hereto as of the date first written above.
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TEC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
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a Delaware corporation
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By:
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Name: Chun Lu
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Title: Chief Executive Officer
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TEC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
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a Nevada corporation
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By:
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Name: Chun Lu
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Title: Chief Executive Officer
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[
Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger
]
Appendix B
Appendix C
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BYLAWS
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OF
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TEC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
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(the Corporation)
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Adopted on December 5, 2011
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ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1.1.
Registered Office
. The registered office
and registered agent of the Corporation shall be as from time to time set forth
in the Corporations Articles of Incorporation.
Section 1.2.
Other Offices
. The Corporation may also
have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Nevada,
as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the
Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
STOCKHOLDERS
Section 2.1.
Place of Meetings
. All meetings of the
stockholders for the election of Directors shall be held at such place, within
or without the State of Nevada, as may be fixed from time to time by the Board
of Directors. Meetings of stockholders for any other purpose may be held at such
time and place, within or without the State of Nevada, as shall be stated in the
notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.
Section 2.2.
Annual Meeting
. An annual meeting of the
stockholders shall be held at such time as may be determined by the Board of
Directors, at which meeting the stockholders shall elect a Board of Directors
and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.
Section 2.3.
List of Stockholders
. At least ten days
before each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders
entitled to vote at such meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, with the
address of and the number of voting shares registered in the name of each, shall
be prepared by the officer or agent having charge of the stock transfer books.
Such list shall be kept on file at the registered office of the Corporation (or
at such other location determined by the Board of Directors) for a period of ten
days prior to such meeting and shall be subject to inspection by any stockholder
at any time during usual business hours. Such list shall be produced and kept
open at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and
shall be subject to the inspection of any stockholder who may be present.
Section 2.4.
Special Meetings
. Special meetings of the
stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by law,
by the Articles of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, may be called by the Chief
Executive Officer or the President or the Board of Directors, or shall be called
by the President or Secretary at the request in writing of the holders of not
less than twenty-five percent
of all the shares issued, outstanding and
entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the
proposed meeting. Business transacted at all special meetings shall be confined
to the purposes stated in the notice of the meeting unless all stockholders
entitled to vote are present and consent.
Section 2.5.
Notice
. Written or printed notice stating
the place, day and hour of any meeting of the stockholders and, in case of a
special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall
be delivered not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the
meeting, either personally or by mail, by or at the direction of the Chief
Executive Officer, the President, the Secretary, or the officer or person
calling the meeting, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the
meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be
delivered when deposited in the mail, addressed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the stock transfer books and records of the Corporation or its transfer agent, with postage thereon prepaid.
Section 2.6.
Quorum
. At all meetings of the stockholders, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for
the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by law, by the Articles of Incorporation or by these Bylaws. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote
thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. If the adjournment is for more than
30 days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum
shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified.
Section 2.7.
Voting
. When a quorum is present at any meeting of the Corporation’s stockholders, the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares having voting power present in person or represented by proxy at such meeting shall
decide any questions brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which, by express provision of law, the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a different vote is required, in which case such express provision shall govern and
control the decision of such question. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
Section 2.8.
Method of Voting
. Each outstanding share of the Corporation’s capital stock shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders, except to the extent that the voting rights of the
shares of any class or classes are otherwise provided by applicable law or the Articles of Incorporation, as amended from time to time. At any meeting of the stockholders, every stockholder having the right to vote shall be entitled to vote in
person or by proxy appointed by an instrument in writing subscribed by such stockholder or by his duly authorized attorney-in-fact and bearing a date not more than 6 months prior to such meeting, unless such instrument provides for a longer period.
Each proxy shall be revocable unless expressly provided therein to be irrevocable and if, and only so long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. Such proxy shall be filed with the Secretary of the
Corporation prior to or at the time of the meeting. Voting for directors shall be in accordance with Article III of these Bylaws. Voting on any question or in any election may be by voice vote or show of hands unless the presiding officer shall
order or any stockholder shall demand that voting be by written ballot.
Section 2.9.
Record Date; Closing Transfer Books
. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a record date for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, such record date to be not
less than ten nor more than sixty days prior to such meeting, or the Board of Directors may close the stock transfer books for such purpose for a period of not less than ten nor more than sixty days prior to such meeting. In the absence of any
action by the Board of Directors, the date upon which the notice of the meeting is mailed shall be the record date.
Section 2.10.
Action By Consent
. Any action required or permitted by law, the Articles of Incorporation, or these Bylaws to be taken at a meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation may be taken without a meeting if a consent or consents
in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by stockholders holding at least a majority of the voting power; provided that if a different proportion of voting power is required for such an action at a meeting, then that proportion
of written consents is required. Such signed consents shall be delivered to the Secretary for inclusion in the Minute Book of the Corporation.
ARTICLE III
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
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Section 3.1.
Management
. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors, who may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not
by law, the Articles of Incorporation, a stockholders’ agreement or these Bylaws directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
Section 3.2.
Qualification; Election; Term
. None of the directors need be a stockholder of the Corporation or a resident of the State of Nevada. The directors shall be elected by plurality vote at the annual meeting of the stockholders,
except as hereinafter provided, and each director elected shall hold office until his successor shall be elected and qualified.
Section 3.3.
Number
. The number of directors of the Corporation shall be fixed as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. No decrease in the number of directors shall have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent
director.
Section 3.4.
Removal
. Any director may be removed either for or without cause at any special meeting of stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the voting power of the issued and outstanding stock entitled to vote;
provided, however, that notice of intention to act upon such matter shall have been given in the notice calling such meeting.
Section 3.5.
Vacancies
. Any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors by death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled by an affirmative vote of at least a majority of the remaining directors though less than a quorum of the Board
of Directors. A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of his predecessor in office. A directorship to be filled by reason of an increase in the number of directors may be filled by the Board of Directors for a
term of office only until the next election of one or more directors by the stockholders.
Section 3.6.
Place of Meetings
. Meetings of the Board of Directors, regular or special, may be held at such place within or without the State of Nevada as may be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 3.7.
Annual Meeting
. The first meeting of each newly elected Board of Directors shall be held without further notice immediately following the annual meeting of stockholders and at the same place, unless by unanimous consent or unless
the directors then elected and serving shall change such time or place.
Section 3.8.
Regular Meetings
. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and place as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.9.
Special Meetings
. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chief Executive Officer or President on oral or written notice to each director, given either personally, by telephone, by telegram, by mail, by
facsimile or by e-mail at least forty-eight hours prior to the time of the meeting. Special meetings shall be called by the Chief Executive Officer, President or the Secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written request of 2 directors.
Except as may be otherwise expressly provided by law, the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any special meeting need to be specified in a notice or waiver of notice.
Section 3.10.
Quorum and Voting
. At all meetings of the Board of Directors the presence of a majority of the number of directors shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the affirmative
vote of at least a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by law, the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws. If a
quorum shall not be present at any meeting of directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
Section 3.11.
Interested Directors
. No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association, or other organization in
which one or more of its directors or officers are directors or officers or have a financial interest,
shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof which authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because his
or their votes are counted for such purpose, if: (1) the fact as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction is known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee in good faith
authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative vote of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or (2) the fact as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or
transaction is known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or (3) the contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation as of the time it
is authorized, approved, or ratified by the Board of Directors, a committee thereof, or the stockholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee
which authorizes the contract or transaction.
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Section 3.12.
Action by Consent
. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without such a meeting if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by
all the members of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.13.
Compensation of Directors
. Directors shall receive such compensation for their services, and reimbursement for their expenses as the Board of Directors, by resolution, shall establish; provided that nothing herein contained
shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
Section 4.1.
Designation
. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board, designate committees, each committee to consist of one or more directors of the Corporation, which committees shall have such power
and authority and shall perform such functions as may be provided in such resolution.
Section 4.2.
Authority
. Each committee, to the extent provided in such resolution, shall have and may exercise all of the authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, except where
action of the full Board of Directors is required by statute or by the Articles of Incorporation.
Section 4.3.
Change in Number
. The number of committee members may be increased or decreased (but not below one) from time to time by resolution adopted by a majority of the whole Board of Directors.
Section 4.4.
Removal
. Any committee member may be removed by the Board of Directors by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board, whenever in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation will be served thereby.
Section 4.5.
Vacancies
. A vacancy occurring in any committee (by death, resignation, removal or otherwise) may be filled by the Board of Directors in the manner provided for original designation in Section 4.1.
Section 4.6.
Meetings
. The time, place and notice (if any) of all committee meetings shall be determined by the respective committee. Unless otherwise determined by a particular committee, meetings of the committees may be called by the Chief
Executive Officer or President on oral or written notice to each member, given either personally, by telephone, by telegram, by mail, by facsimile or by e-mail at least forty-eight hours prior to the time of the meeting and special meetings shall be
called by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written request of any committee member. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting need be specified in a
notice or waiver of notice of any meeting.
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Section 4.7.
Quorum; Majority Vote
. Unless otherwise determined by a particular committee, at any meeting a majority of the committee members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the members
present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the committee, except as otherwise specifically provided by statute or by the Articles of Incorporation or by these Bylaws. If a quorum is not present at a meeting of the
committee, the members present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than an announcement at the meeting until a quorum is present.
Section 4.8.
Action by Consent
. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any committee meeting may be taken without such a meeting if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by all the members of
such committee.
Section 4.9.
Compensation
. Compensation of committee members shall be fixed pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.13.
ARTICLE V
NOTICE
Section 5.1.
Form of Notice
. Whenever required by law, the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, notice is to be given to any director or stockholder, and no provision is made as to how such notice shall be given, such notice may be
given: (a) in writing, by mail, postage prepaid, addressed to such director or stockholder at such address as appears on the books and records of the Corporation or its transfer agent; or (b) in any other method permitted by law. Any notice required
or permitted to be given by mail shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail.
Section 5.2.
Waiver
. Whenever any notice is required to be given to any stockholder or director of the Corporation as required by law, the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing signed by the person or persons
entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated in such notice, shall be equivalent to the giving of such notice. Attendance of a stockholder or director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where
such stockholder or director attends for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
ARTICLE VI
OFFICERS AND AGENTS
Section 6.1.
In General
. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and shall be a President, a Treasurer, and a Secretary. The Board of Directors may also elect a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive
Officer, a Chief Operating Officer, a Chief Financial Officer, and one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
Section 6.2.
Election
. The Board of Directors, at its first meeting after each annual meeting of stockholders, shall elect the officers, none of whom need be a member of the Board of Directors.
Section 6.3.
Other Officers and Agents
. The Board of Directors may also elect and appoint such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary, who shall be elected and appointed for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform
such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board.
Section 6.4.
Salaries
. The salaries of all officers and agents of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors or any committee of the Board, if so authorized by the Board.
Section 6.5.
Term of Office and Removal
. Each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until his death, or his resignation or removal from office, or the election and qualification of his successor, whichever shall first occur. Any
officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time, for or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors, but such removal shall be
without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. If the office of any officer becomes vacant for any reason, the vacancy may be filled by the Board of Directors.
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Section 6.6.
Employment and Other Contracts
. The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or officers or agent or agents to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name or on behalf of the Corporation, and
such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. The Board of Directors may, when it believes the interest of the Corporation will best be served thereby, authorize executive employment contracts which will contain such terms and
conditions as the Board of Directors deems appropriate.
Section 6.7.
Chairman of the Board
. The Chairman of the Board, subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, shall perform such executive, supervisory and management functions and duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or
her by the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation and all meetings of the Board of Directors.
Section 6.8.
Chief Executive Officer
. The Chief Executive Officer shall have general and active management of the business of the Corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. The
Chief Executive Officer shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation and all meetings of the Board of Directors in the absence of the Chairman of the Board.
Section 6.9.
President
. The President shall be subject to the direction of the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive Officer and shall have general charge of the business, affairs and property of the Corporation and general supervision
over its other officers and agents. The President shall see that the officers carry all other orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors into effect. The President shall execute all authorized conveyances, contracts, or other obligations in
the name of the Corporation except where required by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or
reserved to the Board of Directors or any committee thereof. The President shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation and all meetings of the Board of Directors in the absence of the Chairman of the Board and the Chief
Executive Officer. The President shall perform all duties incident to the office of the President and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.
Section 6.10.
Chief Operating Officer
. The Chief Operating Officer shall be subject to the direction of the Chief Executive Officer, the President and the Board of Directors and shall have day-to-day managerial responsibility for the
operation of the Corporation.
Section 6.11.
Chief Financial Officer
. The Chief Financial Officer shall be subject to the direction of the Chief Executive Officer, the President and the Board of Directors and shall have day-to-day managerial responsibility for the finances
of the Corporation.
Section 6.12.
Vice Presidents
. Each Vice President shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may from time to time prescribe, or as the President may from time to time delegate to him.
In the absence or disability of the President, any Vice President may perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President.
Section 6.13.
Secretary
. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and the minutes of all proceedings in a book to be kept for that purpose. The Secretary shall perform like duties for the Board of
Directors when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors under whose
supervision he shall be. He shall keep in safe custody the seal of the Corporation. He shall be under the supervision of the President. He shall perform such other duties and have such other authority and powers as the Board of Directors may from
time to time prescribe or as the President may from time to time delegate.
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Section 6.14.
Assistant Secretaries
. Each Assistant Secretary shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe or as the President may from time to time delegate to him.
Section 6.15.
Treasurer
. The Treasurer shall have the custody of all corporate funds and securities, shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements of the Corporation, and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable
effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. He shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for
such disbursements, shall render to the Directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation, and shall
perform such other duties as the Board of Directors may prescribe or the President may from time to time delegate.
Section 6.16.
Assistant Treasurers
. Each Assistant Treasurer shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe or as the President may from time to time delegate to him.
Section 6.17.
Bonding
. If required by the Board of Directors, all or certain of the officers shall give the Corporation a bond, in such form, in such sum, and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors,
for the faithful performance of the duties of their office and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of their death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind
in their possession or under their control belonging to the Corporation.
ARTICLE VII
CERTIFICATES OF SHARES
Section 7.1.
Form of Certificates
. The Corporation may, but is not required to, deliver to each stockholder a certificate or certificates, in such form as may be determined by the Board of Directors, representing shares to which the
stockholder is entitled. Such certificates shall be consecutively numbered and shall be registered on the books and records the Corporation or its transfer agent as they are issued. Each certificate shall state on the face thereof the holder’s
name, the number, class of shares, and the par value of such shares or a statement that such shares are without par value.
Section 7.2.
Shares without Certificates
. The Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of uncertificated shares of some or all of the shares of any or all of its classes or series. The issuance of uncertificated shares has no effect on
existing certificates for shares until surrendered to the Corporation, or on the respective rights and obligations of the stockholders. Unless otherwise provided by the Nevada Revised Statutes, the rights and obligations of stockholders are
identical whether or not their shares of stock are represented by certificates. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated shares, the Corporation shall send the stockholder a written statement containing the
information required on the certificates pursuant to Section 6.1. At least annually thereafter, the Corporation shall provide to its stockholders of record, a written statement confirming the information contained in the informational statement
previously sent pursuant to this Section.
Section 7.3.
Lost Certificates
. The Board of Directors may direct that a new certificate be issued, or that uncertificated shares be issued, in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost or
destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate to be lost or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board of Directors, in its discretion and as a
condition precedent to the issuance thereof, may require the owner of such lost or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond, in such form, in
such sum, and with such surety or sureties as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost or destroyed. When a certificate has been lost, apparently
destroyed or wrongfully taken, and the holder of record fails to notify the Corporation within a reasonable time after he has notice of it, and the Corporation registers a transfer
of the shares represented by the certificate before receiving such notification, the holder of record is precluded from making any claim against the Corporation for the transfer or a new certificate or uncertificated shares.
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Section 7.4.
Transfer of Shares
. Shares of stock shall be transferable only on the books of the Corporation or its transfer agent by the holder thereof in person or by his duly authorized attorney. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the
transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate representing shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Corporation or the transfer agent of the
Corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
Section 7.5.
Registered Stockholders
. The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim
to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law.
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 8.1.
Dividends
. Dividends upon the outstanding shares of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting. Dividends may
be declared and paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes and the Articles of Incorporation. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a record date for the purpose of
determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend, such record date to be not more than sixty days prior to the payment date of such dividend, or the Board of Directors may close the stock transfer books for such purpose for a
period of not more than sixty days prior to the payment date of such dividend. In the absence of any action by the Board of Directors, the date upon which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution declaring such dividend shall be the record date.
Section 8.2.
Reserves
. There may be created by resolution of the Board of Directors out of the surplus of the Corporation such reserve or reserves as the directors from time to time, in their discretion, think proper to provide for
contingencies, or to equalize dividends, or to repair or maintain any property of the Corporation, or for such other purpose as the directors shall think beneficial to the Corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the
manner in which it was created. Surplus of the Corporation to the extent so reserved shall not be available for the payment of dividends or other distributions by the Corporation.
Section 8.3.
Telephone and Similar Meetings
. Stockholders, directors and committee members may participate in and hold a meeting by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by which all persons participating in the
meeting can hear each other. Participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting, except where a person participates in the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground
that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
Section 8.4.
Books and Records
. The Corporation shall keep correct and complete books and records of account and minutes of the proceedings of its stockholders and Board of Directors, and shall keep at its registered office or principal place
of business, or at the office of its transfer agent or registrar, a record of its stockholders, giving the names and addresses of all stockholders and the number and class of the shares held by each.
Section 8.5.
Checks and Notes
. All checks or demands for money and notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
Section 8.6.
Loans
. No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the Corporation and no evidence of indebtedness shall be issued in its name unless authorized by a resolution of the Board of Directors. Such authority may be general or confined
to specific instances.
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Section 8.7.
Fiscal Year
. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed, and shall be subject to change, by the Board of Directors.
Section 8.8.
Seal
. The Corporation may have a seal, and such seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise. Any officer of the Corporation shall have authority to affix the seal to
any document requiring it.
Section 8.9.
Indemnification
. The Corporation shall indemnify its directors to the fullest extent permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes and may, if and to the extent authorized by the Board of Directors, so indemnify its officers and any
other person whom it has the power to indemnify against liability, reasonable expense or other matter whatsoever.
Section 8.10.
Insurance
. The Corporation may at the discretion of the Board of Directors purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who holds or who has held any position identified in Section 8.9 against any and all liability
incurred by such person in any such position or arising out of his status as such.
Section 8.11.
Resignation
. Any director, officer or agent may resign by giving written notice to the President or the Secretary. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or immediately if no time is specified therein.
Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
Section 8.12.
Off-Shore Offerings
. In all offerings of securities pursuant to Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), the Corporation shall require that its stock transfer agent refuse to register any
transfer of securities not made in accordance with the provisions of Regulation S, pursuant to registration under the Act or an available exemption thereunder.
Section 8.13.
Amendment of Bylaws
. The Board of Directors shall have power to amend, modify or repeal these Bylaws, or adopt any new provision. The stockholders of the Corporation shall also have the power to amend, modify or repeal these
Bylaws, or adopt any new provision, at a duly called meeting of the stockholders;
provided
, that notice of the proposed amendment, modification or repeal was given in the notice of the meeting.
Section 8.14.
Invalid Provisions
. If any part of these Bylaws shall be held invalid or inoperative for any reason, the remaining parts, so far as possible and reasonable, shall be valid and operative.
Section 8.15.
Relation to Articles of Incorporation
. These Bylaws are subject to, and governed by, the Articles of Incorporation.
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Appendix D
Appendix E
AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS
OF
HIGHLAND RIDGE, INC.
ARTICLE I
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
SECTION 1. THE ANNUAL MEETING. The annual meeting of the
stockholders of Highland Ridge, Inc. (the "Corporation") for the election of
directors and for the transaction of such other business as may come before the
meeting shall be held within one hundred and fifty days after the close of the
Corporation's Fiscal Year at such date, time, and location as the Board of
Directors shall designate.
SECTION 2. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the
stockholders, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, may be called at any time
by the Board of Directors or the President and shall be called by the President
or Secretary at the request in writing of stockholders of record owning at least
twenty-five per centum (25%) of the shares of stock of the Corporation
outstanding and entitled to vote.
SECTION 3. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Notice of the place, date and
time of the holding of each annual and special meeting of the stockholders and,
in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes thereof, shall be
given personally or by mail in a postage prepaid envelope to each stockholder
entitled to vote at such meeting, not less than ten nor more than sixty days
before the date of such meeting, and, if mailed, shall be directed to such
stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation,
unless he shall have filed with the Secretary of the Corporation a written
request that notices to him be mailed to some other address, in which case it
shall be directed to him at such other address. Notice of any meeting of
stockholders shall not be required to be given to any stockholder who shall
attend such meeting in person or by proxy and shall not, at the beginning of
such meeting, object to the transaction of any business because the meeting is
not lawfully called or convened, or who shall, either before or after the
meeting, submit a signed waiver of notice, in person or by proxy. Unless the
Board of Directors shall fix, after the adjournment, a new record date for an
adjourned meeting, notice of such adjourned meeting need not be given if the
time and place to which the meeting shall be adjourned were announced at the
meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the
Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the
original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after
the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice
of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled
to vote at the meeting.
SECTION 4. PLACE OF MEETINGS. Meetings of the stockholders may
be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of
Directors or the officer calling the same shall specify in the notice of such
meeting, or in a duly executed waiver of notice hereof.
SECTION 5. QUORUM. At all meetings of the stockholders the
holders of a majority of the votes of the shares of stock of the Corporation
issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall be present in person or by
proxy to constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business, except as
otherwise provided by statute or in the Certificate of Incorporation. In the
absence of a quorum, the holders of a majority of the shares of stock present in
person or by proxy and entitled to vote, or if no stockholder entitled to vote
is present, then any officer of the Corporation may adjourn the meeting. At any
such adjourned meeting at which a quorum may be present, any business may be
transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.
SECTION 6. ORGANIZATION. At each meeting of the stockholders, the President, or in his absence or inability to act, any person chosen by a majority of those stockholders present, in person or by proxy and entitled to vote, shall act as chairman of
the meeting. The Secretary, or in his absence or inability to act, any person appointed by the chairman of the meeting, shall act as secretary of the meeting and keep the minutes thereof.
SECTION 7. ORDER OF BUSINESS. The order of business at all meetings of the stockholders shall be as determined by the chairman of the meeting.
SECTION 8. VOTING. Except as otherwise provided by statute, by the Certificate of Incorporation, or by any certificate duly filed in the State of Delaware pursuant to Section 151 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, each holder of record of
shares of stock of the Corporation having voting power shall be entitled at each meeting of the stockholders to one vote for every share of such stock standing in his name on the record of stockholders of the Corporation on the date fixed by the
Board of Directors as the record date for the determination of the stockholders who shall be entitled to notice of and to vote at such meeting; or if such record date shall not have been so fixed, then at the close of business on the day next
preceding the date on which notice thereof shall be given, or if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held; or each stockholder entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders may
authorize another person or persons to act for him by a proxy signed by such stockholder or his attorney-in-fact. Any such proxy shall be delivered to the secretary of such meeting at or prior to the time designated in the order of business for so
delivering such proxies. No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of three years from the date thereof, unless otherwise provided in the proxy. Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the stockholder executing it, except in those cases
where an irrevocable proxy is permitted by law. Except as otherwise provided by statute, these By-Laws, or the Certificate of incorporation, any corporate action to be taken by vote of the stockholders shall be authorized by a majority of the total
votes, cast at a meeting of stockholders by the holders of shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on such action. Unless required by statute, or determined by the chairman of the meeting to be advisable, the vote on
any question need not be by written ballot. On a vote by written ballot, each ballot shall be signed by the stockholder voting, or by his proxy, if there be such proxy, and shall state the number of shares voted.
SECTION 9. LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting,
arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting,
during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or if not so specified, at the
place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
SECTION 10. ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT. Any action which is required to be or may be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice to stockholders and without a vote if
consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall have been signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or to take such action at a meeting at which all
shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.
SECTION 11. DURATION AND REVOCATION OF CONSENTS. Consents to corporate action shall be valid for a maximum of sixty (60) days after the date of the earliest dated consent delivered to the
Corporation in the manner provided in Section 228(c) of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Consents may be revoked by written notice (i) to the Corporation, (ii) to the stockholder or stockholders soliciting consents or soliciting revocations in
opposition to action by consent proposed by the Corporation (the "Soliciting Stockholders"), or (iii) to a proxy solicitor or other agent designated by the Corporation or the Soliciting Stockholders.
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SECTION 12. NOTICE OF ACTION BY CONSENT. The Corporation shall give prompt notice of the taking of corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent to stockholders who have not consented in writing and who, if the action had
been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the meeting if the record date for such meeting had been the date that written consents signed by a sufficient number of stockholders to take the Action were delivered to the Corporation
in the manner provided in Section 228(c) of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
ARTICLE II
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 1. GENERAL POWERS. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may exercise all such authority and powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not
by statute or the Certificate of Incorporation directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
SECTION 2. NUMBER, QUALIFICATIONS, ELECTION, AND TERM OF OFFICE. The number of directors of the Corporation shall be as determined by vote of a majority of the entire Board of Directors. All of the directors shall be of full age. Directors need not
be stockholders. Except as otherwise provided by statute or these By-Laws, the directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors at which a quorum is present, and the persons receiving a plurality of
the votes cast at such election shall be elected. Each director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of the stockholders and until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until his death, or until he shall have
resigned, or have been removed, as hereinafter provided in these ByLaws, or as otherwise provided by statute or the Certificate of Incorporation.
SECTION 3. PLACE OF MEETING. Meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or shall be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of
such meeting.
SECTION 4. FIRST MEETING. The Board of Directors shall meet for the purpose of organization, the election of the officers of the Corporation, and the transaction of other business, as soon as practicable after each annual meeting of the
stockholders. Notice of such meeting need not be given. Such meeting may be held at any other time or place (within or without the State of Delaware) which shall be specified in a notice thereof given as hereinafter Provided in Section 7 of this
Article II.
SECTION 5. REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such time and at such place as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. If any day fixed for a regular meeting shall be a legal holiday at the
place where the meeting is to be held, then the meeting which would otherwise be held on that day shall be held at the same hour on the next succeeding business day. Notice of regular meetings of the Board of Directors need not be given except as
otherwise required by statute or these By-Laws.
SECTION 6. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by one or more directors of the Corporation or by the President.
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SECTION 7. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Notice of each special meeting of the Board of Directors (and of each regular meeting for which notice shall be required) shall be given by the Secretary as hereinafter provided in this Section 7, in which notice shall
be stated the time and place of the meeting. Notice of each such meeting shall be delivered to each director either personally or by telephone, telegraph cable or wireless, at least twenty-four hours before the time at which such meeting is to be
held or by first-class ail, postage prepaid, addressed to him at his residence, or usual place of business, at least three days before the day on which such meeting is to beheld. Notice of any such meeting need not be given to any director who
shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a signed waiver of notice or who shall attend such meeting without protesting, prior to or at its commencement, the lack of notice to him. Except as otherwise specifically required by these By-Laws,
a notice or waiver of notice of any regular or special meeting need not state the purpose of such meeting.
SECTION 8. QUORUM AND MANNER OF ACTING. A majority of the entire Board of Directors shall be present in person at any meeting of the Board of Directors in order to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at such meeting, and, except as
otherwise expressly required by statute or the Certificate of Incorporation, the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors. In the absence of a quorum at any
meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of the directors present thereat, or if no director be present, the Secretary may adjourn such meeting to another time and place, or such meeting, unless it be the first meeting of the Board of
Directors, need not be held. At any adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. Except as provided in Article III of these By-Laws, the
directors shall act only as a Board and the individual directors shall have no power as such.
SECTION 9. ORGANIZATION. At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the President, or, in his absence or inability to act, another director chosen by a majority of the directors present shall act as chairman of the meeting and preside thereat. The
Secretary (or, in his absence or inability to act any person appointed by the chairman) shall act as secretary of the meeting and keep the minutes thereof.
SECTION 10. RESIGNATIONS. Any director of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice of his resignation to the Board of Directors or the President or the Secretary. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified
therein or, if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, immediately upon its receipt; and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
SECTION 11. VACANCIES. Vacancies may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until their
successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced. If there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by statute. If, at the time of filling any vacancy or any newly created
directorship, the directors then in office shall constitute less than a majority of the whole Board (as constituted immediately prior to any such increase), the Court of Chancery may, upon application of any stockholder or holders of at least ten
percent of the votes of the shares at the time outstanding having the right to vote for such directors, summarily order an election to be held to fill any such vacancies or newly created directorships, or to replace the directors chosen by the
directors then in office. Except as otherwise provided in these ByLaws, when one or more directors shall resign from the Board of Directors, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so
resigned, shall have the power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office as provided in this section in the filling
of other vacancies.
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SECTION 12. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or in these By-Laws, any director may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the
issued and outstanding stock entitled to vote for the election of directors of the Corporation given at a special meeting of the stockholders called and held for the purpose; and the vacancy in the Board of Directors caused by any such removal may
be filled by such stockholders at such meeting, or, if the stockholders shall fail to fill such vacancy, as in these ByLaws provided.
SECTION 13. COMPENSATION. The Board of Directors shall have authority to fix the compensation, including fees and reimbursement of expenses, of directors for services to the Corporation in any capacity, provided no such payment shall preclude any
director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
SECTION 14. ACTION WITHOUT MEETING Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case
may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.
ARTICLE III
COMMITTEES
SECTION 1. COMMITTEES. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any
committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of the committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting,
whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by law and to the
extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the
Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it.
SECTION 2. COMMITTEE RULES. Unless the Board of Directors otherwise provides, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may make, alter and repeal rules for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules each committee shall
conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to Article III of these by-laws.
ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
SECTION 1. NUMBER AND QUALIFICATIONS. The officers of the Corporation shall be the President, Secretary, and Treasurer. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person. Such officers shall be elected from time to time by the Board of
Directors, each to hold office until the meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual meeting of the stockholders, or until his successor shall have been duly elected and shall have qualified, or until his death, or until he shall
have resigned, or have been removed, as hereinafter provided in these By-Laws. The Board of Directors may from time to time elect, or the President may appoint, such other officers (including, but not limited to, one or more Vice Presidents,
Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, and Assistant Treasurers), and such agents, as may be necessary or desirable for the business of the Corporation. Such other officers and
agents shall have such duties and shall hold their offices for such terms as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or by the appointing authority.
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SECTION 2. RESIGNATIONS. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice of his resignation to the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified
therein or, if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, immediately upon its receipt; and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
SECTION 3. REMOVAL. Any officer or agent of the Corporation may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time, by the vote of the majority of the entire Board of Directors at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or, except in the case of
an officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board of Directors, by the President. Such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights, if any, of the person so removed.
SECTION 4. VACANCIES. A vacancy in any office, whether arising from death, resignation, removal or any other cause, may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term of the office which shall be vacant, in the manner prescribed in these By-Laws
for the regular election or appointment of such office.
SECTION 5. OFFICERS' BONDS OR OTHER SECURITY. If required by the Board of Directors, any officer of the Corporation shall give a bond or other security for the faithful performance of his duties, in such amount and with such surety or sureties as
the Board of Directors may require.
SECTION 6. COMPENSATION. The compensation of the officers of the Corporation for their services as such officers shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may delegate to the President
the power to fix the compensation of officers and agents appointed by the President. An officer of the Corporation shall not be prevented from receiving compensation by reason of the fact that he is also a director of the Corporation.
SECTION 7. PRESIDENT. The President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation and shall have the general and active management of the business of the Corporation and general and active supervision and direction over the other officers,
agents and employees and shall see that their duties are properly performed. He shall, if present, preside at each meeting of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and shall be an ex-officio member of all committees of the Board of
Directors. He shall perform all duties incident to the office of President and Chief Executive Officer and such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 8. SECRETARY. The Secretary shall:
(a) Keep or cause to be kept in one or more books provided for that purpose, the minutes of the meetings of the Board of Directors, the committees of the Board of Directors and the stockholders;
(b) See that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these By-Laws and as required by law;
(c) Be custodian of the records and the seal of the Corporation and affix and attest the seal to all stock certificates of the Corporation (unless the seal of the Corporation on such certificates shall be a facsimile, as hereinafter provided) and
affix and attest the seal to all other documents to be executed on behalf of the Corporation under its seal;
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(d) See that the books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law to be kept and filed are properly kept and filed; and
(e) In general, perform all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board of Directors or the President.
SECTION 9. TREASURER. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Corporation and shall exercise general supervision over the receipt, custody, and disbursements of corporate funds. The Treasurer shall sign, make and indorse in the
name of the corporation, all checks, drafts, warrants and orders for the payment of money, and pay out and dispose of same and receipts for such, and, in general, perform all the duties incident to the office of Treasurer. He shall have such further
powers and duties as may be conferred upon him from time to time by the President or the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE V
INDEMNIFICATION
To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Corporation shall indemnify any director or officer of the Corporation who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suitor proceeding, whether
civil, criminal, administrative or investigative by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, agent or employee of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys' fees), liability, loss, judgment, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action,
suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceedings, had no reasonable cause to believe his
conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, upon a plea of nolo contendere or equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect of any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
Such indemnity shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of any director or officer so indemnified pursuant to this Article. The right to indemnification under this Article shall be a contract right and shall include the
right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its disposition; provided however, that, if the Delaware General Corporation Law requires, the payment of such expenses incurred in advance of
the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such director or
officer is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article or otherwise. Such indemnification and advancement of expenses shall be in addition to any other rights to which those directors and officers seeking indemnification and advancement of
expenses may be entitled under any law, agreement, vote of stockholders, or otherwise.
Any repeal or amendment of this Article by the stockholders of the Corporation or by changes in applicable law shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be prospective only, and shall not adversely affect any right to indemnification or
advancement of expenses of a director or officer of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or amendment. In addition to the foregoing, the right to indemnification and advancement of expenses shall be to the fullest extent permitted by
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or any other applicable law and all amendments to such laws as hereafter enacted from time to time.
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ARTICLE VI
STOCK
SECTION 1. CERTIFICATES. Every holder of stock shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by or in the name of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, if any, or the President, and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary,
of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the Corporation. Any of or all the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature
has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent, or
registrar at the date of issue.
SECTION 2. LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED STOCK CERTIFICATES; ISSUANCE OF NEW CERTIFICATES. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and
the Corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss,
theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate.
ARTICLE VII
MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION 1. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall begin on the first day of January of each year and end on the last day of December of each year.
SECTION 2. SEAL. The Board of Directors shall provide a corporate seal, which shall be in the form of the name of the Corporation and the words and figures "Corporate Seal, Highland Ridge, Inc., Delaware 2004".
SECTION 3. WAIVER OF NOTICE OF MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS, DIRECTORS AND COMMITTEES. Any written waiver of notice, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.
Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the
meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors, or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any written waiver of
notice.
SECTION 4. INTERESTED DIRECTORS; QUORUM. No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other Corporation, partnership, association, or other organization in which
one or more of its directors or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board
of Directors or committee thereof which authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because his or their votes are counted for such purpose, if: (l) the material facts as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction
are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though
the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or (2) the material facts as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or
transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or (3) the contract or transaction is fair as
to the Corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified, by the Board of Directors, a committee thereof, or the stockholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the
Board of Directors or of a committee which authorizes the contract or transaction.
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SECTION 5. FORM OF RECORDS. Any records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account, and minute books, may be kept on, or be in the form of, punch cards, magnetic tape,
photographs, microphotographs, or any other information storage device, provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible form within a reasonable time. The Corporation shall so convert any records so kept upon the request of
any person entitled to inspect the same.
SECTION 6. AMENDMENTS. These By-Laws may be amended or repealed, or new By-Laws may be adopted, (1) at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders, by a majority of the total votes of the stockholders, present or in person or represented by
proxy and entitled to vote on such action; provided, however, that the notice of such meeting shall have been given as provided in these By-Laws, which notice shall mention that amendment or repeal of these By-Laws, or the adoption of new By-Laws,
is one of the purposes of such meeting; (2) by written consent of the stockholders pursuant to Section 10 of Article I; or (3) by action of the Board of Directors.
I, the undersigned, Secretary of the Corporation, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true, complete, and accurate copy of the By-laws of Highland Ridge, Inc., duly adopted by unanimous written consent of the Board of Directors on the 5th day
of August, 2008, and I do further certify that these Bylaws have not since been altered, amended, repealed, or rescinded, and are now in full force and effect.
/s/ Michael Anthony
--------------------------
Michael Anthony
Secretary
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