Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q


☒			Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended July 31, 2024


☐			Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File number 1-8777


VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Delaware						95-1613718
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2027 Harpers Way, Torrance, CA						90501
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)						(Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (310) 533-0474

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

VIRC

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

☒

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ý

The number of shares outstanding for each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

Common Stock, $.01 par value — 16,289,406 shares as of August 30, 2024.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Part I. Financial Information		3
	Item 1. Financial Statements	3
	Unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets - July 3 1 , 2024, January 31, 2024 and July 3 1 , 2023	3
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statement s of income - Three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023	5
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income - Six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023	6
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income - Three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023	7
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income - Six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023	8
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows - Six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023	9
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity - Three months and Six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023	10
	Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements - July 31, 2024	12
	Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
	Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	22
	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	22
Part II. Other Information		24
	Item 1. Legal Proceedings	24
	Item 1A. Risk Factors	24
	Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	24
	Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	24
	Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	24
	Item 5. Other Information	24
	Item 6. Exhibits	25

PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Assets
Current assets
Cash	$	7,771	$	5,286	$	1,600
Trade accounts receivables, net	56,065		23,161		68,592
Inventories	58,574		58,371		71,853
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,921		2,208		2,286
Total current assets	125,331		89,026		144,331
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Land	3,731		3,731		3,731
Land improvements	697		694		686
Buildings and building improvements	51,899		51,576		51,441
Machinery and equipment	116,284		114,400		115,899
Leasehold improvements	523		523		977
Total property, plant and equipment	173,134		170,924		172,734
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	138,154		136,356		137,392
Net property, plant and equipment	34,980		34,568		35,342
Operating lease right-of-use assets	37,988		6,508		8,285
Deferred tax assets, net	6,682		6,634		7,100
Other assets, net	11,367		9,709		9,279
Total assets	$	216,348	$	146,445	$	204,337

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except share and par value data)

Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	26,085	$	12,945	$	27,854
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	11,572		10,880		10,983
Income tax payable	3,648		145		3,325
Current portion of long-term debt	253		248		32,256
Current portion of operating lease liability	1,431		5,744		5,386
Other accrued liabilities	12,517		8,570		11,259
Total current liabilities	55,506		38,532		91,063
Non-current liabilities
Accrued self-insurance retention	1,285		650		934
Accrued pension expenses	9,536		9,429		10,827
Income tax payable, less current portion	232		128		—
Long-term debt, less current portion	4,008		4,136		14,261
Operating lease liability, less current portion	37,204		1,829		4,317
Other long-term liabilities	765		562		640
Total non-current liabilities	53,030		16,734		30,979
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 13)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock:
Authorized 3,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; none issued or outstanding	—		—		—
Common stock:
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 16,289,406 shares at 7/31/2024, and 16,347,314 at 1/31/2024 and 7/31/2023	163		164		164
Additional paid-in capital	119,734		121,373		121,030
Accumulated deficit	(10,728)		(29,048)		(36,539)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,357)		(1,310)		(2,360)
Total stockholders’ equity	107,812		91,179		82,295
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	216,348	$	146,445	$	204,337

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income


	Three months ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net sales	$	108,419	$	107,321
Costs of goods sold	58,201		58,743
Gross profit	50,218		48,578
Selling, general and administrative expenses	28,324		27,324


Operating income	21,894		21,254
Unrealized gain on investment in trust account	(597)		(325)
Pension expense	107		161
Interest expense	322		1,083
Income before income taxes	22,062		20,335
Income tax expense	5,229		4,801
Net income	$	16,833	$	15,534

Cash dividends declared per common share:	$	0.02	$	—

Net income per common share:
Basic	$	1.04	$	0.95
Diluted	$	1.04	$	0.95
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	16,214		16,272
Diluted	16,215		16,294

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income


	Six months ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net sales	$	155,154	$	142,264
Costs of goods sold	84,589		80,484
Gross profit	70,565		61,780
Selling, general and administrative expenses	45,700		41,838
Operating income	24,865		19,942
Unrealized gain on investment in trust account	(812)		(624)
Pension expense	214		322
Interest expense	530		1,795
Income before income taxes	24,933		18,449
Income tax expense	5,960		4,357
Net income	$	18,973	$	14,092

Cash dividends declared per common share:	$	0.04	$	—

Net income per common share:
Basic	$	1.16	$	0.87
Diluted	$	1.16	$	0.87
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	16,305		16,242
Diluted	16,305		16,257

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income


	Three months ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Net income	$	16,833	$	15,534
Other comprehensive income:
Pension adjustments (net of tax adjustment of $21 and $0 at July 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)	(19)		—
Net comprehensive income	$	16,814	$	15,534

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income


	Six months ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Net income	$	18,973	$	14,092
Other comprehensive income:
Pension adjustments (net of tax expense of $28 and $0 at July 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)	(47)		—
Net comprehensive income	$	18,926	$	14,092

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


	Six months ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Operating activities
Net income	$	18,973	$	14,092
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,716		2,455
Non-cash lease benefits	(418)		(340)
Provision for credit losses	30		30
Amortization of debt issuance costs	64		55
Deferred income taxes	(19)		700
Stock-based compensation	270		252

Amortization of net actuarial gain for pension plans	(75)		—
Non-cash unrealized gain on investment	(812)		(624)

Surrender of life insurance policies	(265)		(95)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	(32,934)		(50,187)
Other receivables	(35)		10
Inventories	(203)		(4,447)
Income taxes	3,607		3,346
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(1,419)		(134)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	18,483		13,737
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	7,963		(21,150)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(2,886)		(2,795)


Proceeds from surrendering life insurance policies	145		—
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,741)		(2,795)
Financing activities:
Borrowing from long-term debt	23,165		35,688
Repayment of long-term debt	(23,288)		(10,915)
Common stock repurchased	(1,499)		—
Tax withholding payments on share-based compensation	(412)		(110)
Payment of deferred financing costs	(50)		(175)

Cash dividends paid	(653)		—
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(2,737)		24,488

Net increase in cash	2,485		543
Cash at beginning of period	5,286		1,057
Cash at end of period	$	7,771	$	1,600

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Property, plant and equipment acquired and not yet paid at end of period	$	531	$	1,074
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	530	$	1,795
Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of refunds	$	2,405	$	345
Noncash investment in right-of-use assets in exchange for a lease liability	$	32,982	$	—

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity


	Three-Month Period Ended July 31, 2024
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at April 30, 2024	16,207,612	$	162	$	120,048	$	(27,235)	$	(1,338)	$	91,637
Net income	—	—		—		16,833		—		16,833
Cash dividends	—	—		—		(326)		—		(326)
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		(19)		(19)
Shares vested and others	81,794	1		(412)		—		—		(411)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		98		—		—		98
Stock repurchase	—	—		—		—		—		—
Balance at July 31, 2024	16,289,406	$	163	$	119,734	$	(10,728)	$	(1,357)	$	107,812



	Three-Month Period Ended July 31, 2023
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at April 30, 2023	16,210,985	$	162	$	120,993	$	(52,073)	$	(2,360)	$	66,722
Net income	—	—		—		15,534		—		15,534
Cash dividends	—	—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		—		—
Shares vested and others	136,329	2		(112)		—		—		(110)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		149		—		—		149
Stock repurchase	—	—		—		—		—		—
Balance at July 31, 2023	16,347,314	$	164	$	121,030	$	(36,539)	$	(2,360)	$	82,295


	Six-Month Period Ended July 31, 2024
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at January 31, 2024	16,347,314	$	164	$	121,373	$	(29,048)	$	(1,310)	$	91,179
Net income	—	—		—		18,973		—		18,973
Cash dividends	—	—		—		(653)		—		(653)
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		(47)		(47)
Shares vested and others	81,794	1		(412)		—		—		(411)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		270		—		—		270
Stock repurchase	(139,702)	(2)		(1,497)		$	—	—		(1,499)
Balance at July 31, 2024	16,289,406	$	163	$	119,734	$	(10,728)	$	(1,357)	$	107,812



	Six-Month Period Ended July 31, 2023
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at January 31, 2023	16,210,985	$	162	$	120,890	$	(50,631)	$	(2,360)	$	68,061
Net income	—	—		—		14,092		—		14,092
Cash dividends	—	—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		—		—
Shares vested and others	136,329	2		(112)		—		—		(110)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		252		—		—		252
Stock repurchase	—	—		—		—		—		—
Balance at July 31, 2023	16,347,314	$	164	$	121,030	$	(36,539)	$	(2,360)	$	82,295

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION

Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

July 31, 2024

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements and are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months and six months ended July 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2025. The balance sheet at January 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. All references to the “Company” refer to Virco Mfg. Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Note 2. Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates

The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality, with approximately 50% of the Company’s total sales typically occurring from June to August each year, the Company’s peak season. Hence, the Company typically builds and carries significant amounts of inventory during and in anticipation of this peak summer season to facilitate the rapid delivery requirements of customers in the educational market. This requires a large up-front investment in inventory, labor, storage and related costs as inventory is built in anticipation of peak sales during the summer months. As the capital required for this build-up generally exceeds cash available from operations, the Company has generally relied on third-party bank financing to meet cash flow requirements during the build-up period immediately preceding the peak season. In addition, the Company typically is faced with an overall higher accounts receivable balance during the peak season. This occurs for two primary reasons. First, accounts receivable balances typically increase during the peak season as shipments of products increase. Second, many customers during this period are educational institutions and government entities, which tend to pay accounts receivable slower than commercial customers.

The Company’s working capital requirements during and in anticipation of the peak summer season require management to make estimates and judgments that affect assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to market demand, labor costs and stocking inventory. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, valuation of inventory; deferred tax assets and liabilities; useful lives of property, plant and equipment; liabilities under pension, warranty and self-insurance; and the accounts receivable allowance for credit losses.

Note 3. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. In November 2023, the FASB issued this ASU to update reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect that this guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Tax Disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued this ASU which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The update will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. We do not expect that this guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

The Company evaluates all ASUs issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") for consideration of their applicability to our condensed consolidated financial statements. We have assessed all ASUs issued but not yet adopted and concluded that those not disclosed are not relevant to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact.

Note 4. Revenue Recognition

The Company manufactures, markets and distributes a wide variety of school and office furniture to wholesalers, distributors, educational institutions and governmental entities. Revenue is recorded for promised goods or services when control is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company's sales generally involve a single performance obligation to deliver goods pursuant to customer purchase orders. Prices for our products are based on published price lists and customer agreements. The Company has determined that the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time when the Company completes delivery per the customer contract. The majority of sales are free on board ("FOB") destination where the destination is specified per the customer contract and may include delivering the furniture into the classroom, school site or warehouse. Sales of furniture that are sold FOB factory are typically made to resellers of our product who in turn provide logistics to the ultimate customer. Once a product has been delivered per the shipping terms, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The Company considers control to have transferred upon shipment or delivery in accordance with shipping terms because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, the Company has transferred physical possession of the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset.

Sales are recorded net of discounts, sales incentives and rebates, sales taxes and estimated returns and allowances. The Company offers sales incentives and discounts through various regional and national programs to our customers. These programs include product rebates, product returns allowances and trade promotions. Variable consideration for these programs is estimated in the transaction price at contract inception based on current sales levels and historical experience using the expected value method, subject to constraint.

The Company generates revenue primarily by manufacturing and distributing products through resellers and direct-to-customers. Control transfers to both resellers and direct customers at a point in time when the delivery process is complete as determined by the corresponding shipping terms. Therefore, we do not consider them to be meaningfully different revenue streams given similarities in the nature of the products, performance obligation and distribution processes. Sales are predominately in the United States and to a similar class of customer. We do not manage or evaluate the business based on product line or any other discernable category.

Note 5. Inventories

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value (determined on a first-in, first-out basis (“FIFO”)) and includes material, labor, and factory overhead. The Company records valuation adjustments for the excess cost of the inventory over its estimated net realizable value. Valuation adjustments for slow-moving and obsolete inventory involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations. Valuation adjustments for slow-moving and obsolete inventory are calculated using an estimated percentage applied to inventories based on a physical inspection of the product in connection with a physical inventory, a review of slow-moving products and component stage, inventory category, historical and forecasted consumption of sales, and consideration of active marketing programs. The market for educational furniture is traditionally driven by value, not style, and the Company has not typically incurred material obsolescence expenses. If market conditions are less favorable than those anticipated by management, additional valuation adjustments may be required. The Company records the cost of excess capacity as a period expense, not as a component of capitalized inventory valuation.

The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of July 31, 2024, January 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023:


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Finished goods	$	23,498	$	18,861	$	24,995
Work in process	20,938		25,047		29,081
Raw materials	14,138		14,463		17,777
Total inventories	$	58,574	$	58,371	$	71,853

Note 6. Leases

The Company has operating leases on real property, equipment, and automobiles, expiring at various dates through the fiscal year 2031. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and assesses classification of the lease at commencement. The Company's lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we exercise that option. All of the Company’s leases are classified as operating leases. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable, or the incremental borrowing rate. Our incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments using Company specific credit spreads. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for our operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company has an operating lease for its corporate office and manufacturing and distribution facility located in Torrance, California, currently with a remaining lease term through September 2030. The Company leases equipment under a 5-year operating lease arrangement. The Company has the option of buying the assets at the end of the lease period at a price that does not result in the Company being reasonably certain of exercising the option. In addition, the Company leases trucks and automobiles under operating leases that include certain fleet management and maintenance services. Certain of the leases contain renewal or purchase options and require payment for property taxes and insurance. The Company records lease expense on a straight-line basis based on the contractual lease payments. The Company recognizes the present value of the future lease commitments as an operating lease liability, and a corresponding right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”), net of tenant allowances. Tenant improvements and related tenant allowances are recorded as a reduction to the ROU asset. The Company elected to account for leases with an original term of 12 months or less that do not contain a purchase option as short-term leases. Additionally, certain of the leases provide for variable payment for property taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance payments, among others. The Company recognizes variable lease expenses for these leases in the period incurred. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The quantitative information regarding our leases is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024			7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
Operating lease cost	$	1,423	$	1,281	$	2,842		$	2,550
Short-term lease cost	130		80		234			188
Sublease income	(10)		(10)		(20)			(20)
Variable lease cost	690		160		618			421
Total lease cost	$	2,233	$	1,511	$	3,674		$	3,139

Other operating leases information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities					$	3,260		$	2,890
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (a)					$	34,012		$	364
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)					6.0			1.7
Weighted-average discount rate					9.78		%	6.36		%

Minimum future lease payments for operating leases in effect as of July 31, 2024, are as follows:


	Operating Lease
For the year ending January 31,	(In thousands)
Remaining of 2025	$	3,232
2026	5,119
2027	9,416
2028	9,263
2029	9,587
Thereafter	16,739
Remaining balance of lease payments	53,356

Short-term lease liabilities	1,431
Long-term lease liabilities	37,204
Total lease liabilities	38,635

Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	14,721

(a) On July 23, 2024, the Company entered into a new lease agreement (the “Lease”) with Starboard Distribution Center, LLC which extends the Company’s tenancy at its 560,000 sq. ft. office, manufacturing and warehouse facility in Torrance, California. The Lease extends the tenancy for 65 months, covering the period from May 1, 2025 through September 30, 2030. Under the Lease, the monthly base rent will be abated for the initial 5-month period from May 1, 2025 to September 30, 2025, then is set at $726,700 for October 1, 2025 through April 30, 2026, with subsequent increases of 3.5% every 12 months thereafter. The Lease also provides for a tenant improvement allowance of up to $1.7 million. The Landlord has the right to terminate the Lease upon customary events of default. In connection with this lease agreement, in the second quarter ended July 31, 2024, the Company recorded approximately $33.0 million (the present value of the future lease commitments) as an operating lease liability, and a corresponding ROU asset.

Note 7. Debt

Outstanding balances for the Company’s long-term debt were as follows:


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Revolving credit line	$	—	$	—	$	42,012
Other	4,261		4,384		4,505
Total debt	4,261		4,384		46,517
Less current portion	253		248		32,256
Non-current portion	$	4,008	$	4,136	$	14,261

The Company and Virco Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary (collectively, the “Borrowers”) have a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender (“PNC”). The Credit Agreement was amended numerous times since its origination in December 2011, most recently on April 29, 2024.

The Credit Agreement as currently in effect permits the Company to issue cash dividends or make payments with respect to the Company’s capital stock in an aggregate amount up to $5.0 million during any fiscal year, provided that no default shall have occurred or is continuing or would result from any such payment, and the Company must demonstrate pro forma compliance with a 12-month trailing fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.20:1.00 as of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding the date of any such dividend or payment. The Credit Agreement also requires the Company to maintain a minimum fixed charge

coverage ratio, and contains numerous other covenants that limit under certain circumstances the ability of the Borrowers and their subsidiaries to, among other things, merge with or acquire other entities, incur new liens, incur additional indebtedness, sell assets outside of the ordinary course of business, enter into transactions with affiliates, or substantially change the general nature of the business of the Borrowers.

In addition to the financial covenants, the Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default, subject to certain cure periods and other limitations. Substantially all of the Borrowers' accounts receivable are automatically and promptly swept to repay amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement upon receipt by the Borrowers. Due to this automatic liquidating nature of the Credit Agreement, if the Borrowers breach any covenant, violate any representation or warranty or suffer a deterioration in their ability to borrow pursuant to the borrowing base calculation, the Borrowers may not have access to cash liquidity unless provided by PNC at its discretion.

The other material terms of the Credit Agreement as currently in effect include the following: (i) a revolving line of credit with a Maximum Revolving Advance Amount of $60.0 million (increasing to $70.0 million during the months of June

through August 2024) that is subject to a borrowing base limitation and generally provides for advances of up to 85% of eligible accounts receivable, plus a percentage equal to the lesser of 60% of the value of eligible inventory or 85% of the liquidation value of eligible inventory, plus $15.0 million from January through July of each year, minus undrawn amounts of letters of credit and reserves; (ii) inventory sublimit of $35.0 million and assemble-to-ship (ATS) inventory sublimit of $15.0 million during the months of May through August 2024; and (iii) an equipment loan of $2.0 million. The Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the Borrowers’ personal property and certain of the Borrowers’ real property. The Credit Agreement is subject to certain prepayment penalties upon early termination of the Credit Agreement. Prior to the maturity date, principal amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement may be repaid and reborrowed at the option of the Borrowers without premium or penalty, subject to borrowing base limitations, seasonal adjustments and certain other conditions, including reduced borrowings under the revolving line to less than or equal $10.0 million for a period of 30 consecutive days during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The Credit Agreement also contains certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and limits on capital expenditures. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of July 31, 2024.

The Company's revolving line of credit with PNC is structured to provide seasonal credit availability during the Company's peak summer season. Approximately $68.0 million was available for borrowing as of July 31, 2024. The interest rate is determined as a sum of the applicable margin rate, which is 3.00% from January through July and 2.50% from August through December, plus the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR). The Company did not have an outstanding amount under this note as of July 31, 2024. The Company also incurs a fee on the unused portion of the revolving line of credit at a rate of 0.375%.

The Company also carries a mortgage on a manufacturing building in Conway Arkansas. The original note was dated August 2017 for $5.8 million, at a fixed rate of 4.0% per year and 20-year term. The outstanding amount under this note was $4.3 million as of July 31, 2024.

On April 29, 2024, the Company entered into Amendment No. 4 to the Credit Agreement ("Amendment No. 4") with PNC. Amendment No.4 amended the Credit Agreement to reflect the following material changes:

i.Maximum size of the PNC line of credit has been lowered from $72.5 million to $70.0 million during the months of June through August, and

ii.Maximum amount allowed for the Company to issue dividends or repurchase stock has been increased from $3.0 million to $5.0 million in the aggregate during any fiscal year.

Management believes that the carrying value of debt approximated fair value at July 31, 2024, as all of the long-term debt bears interest at variable rates based on prevailing market conditions, except mortgage on a manufacturing building in Conway Arkansas at a fixed rate of 4.0% per year.

Note 8. Income Taxes

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. As a part of this evaluation, the Company assesses all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, the availability of tax

carrybacks, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations, to determine whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize existing deferred tax assets. Valuation allowances of $218,000, $251,000 and $390,000 as of July 31, 2024, January 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023, respectively, are needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards to reduce the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The net change in the valuation allowance for the three months and six months ended July 31, 2024 was an increase of $1,000 and a decrease of $33,000, respectively. The net change in the valuation allowance for the three months and six months ended July 31, 2023 was a decrease of $185,000 and a decrease of $474,000, respectively.

For the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective income tax rates were 23.7% and 23.6%, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective income tax rates were 23.9% and 23.6%, respectively. Our effective tax rate varies from the 21% federal statutory rate primarily due to state taxes.

The January 31, 2019 and subsequent fiscal years remain open for examination by the IRS and state tax authorities. The Company is not currently under any state examination.

Note 9. Net Income per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)

Net income	$	16,833	$	15,534	$	18,973	$	14,092

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic	16,214		16,272		16,305		16,242
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans	1		22		—		15
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted	16,215		16,294		16,305		16,257

Net income per share - basic	$	1.04	$	0.95	$	1.16	$	0.87
Net income per share - diluted	$	1.04	$	0.95	$	1.16	$	0.87

Note 10. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Incentive Plan

Under the Company's 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”), the Company may grant an aggregate of up to 1,000,000 shares to its employees and non-employee directors in the form of restricted stock units, restricted stock awards and stock options. Restricted stock units and awards granted under the 2019 Plan are expensed ratably over the vesting period of the units and awards. The Company determines the fair value of its restricted stock units or awards and related compensation expense as the difference between the market value of the units or awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the units or awards granted. During the three-month and six-month period ended July 31, 2024, the Company granted 16,066 awards, vested 164,110 shares according to their terms and forfeited 0 shares under the 2019 Plan. As of July 31, 2024, there were approximately 521,859 shares available for future issuance under the 2019 Plan.

The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units and awards recognized in the Company's statements of operations for the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Cost of goods sold	$	10	$	28	$	38	$	56
Selling, general and administrative expenses	88		121		232		196
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	98	$	149	$	270	$	252

As of July 31, 2024, there was $208,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units and/or awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately one year.

Note 11. Retirement Plans

The Company and its subsidiaries cover certain employees under a noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan, entitled the Virco Employees’ Retirement Plan (the “Pension Plan”). As more fully described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K, benefit accruals under the Employees Retirement Plan were frozen effective December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under the Pension Plan.

The Company also provides a supplementary retirement plan for certain key employees, the VIP Retirement Plan (the “VIP Plan”). As more fully described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2024, benefit accruals under the VIP Plan were frozen since December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under the VIP Plan.

The following table summarizes the net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plan and the VIP Plan for the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest cost	311		360		622		720
Expected return on plan assets	(169)		(199)		(338)		(398)
Plan settlement	—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	(40)		—		(75)		—
Recognized net actuarial loss			—		—		—
Benefit cost	$	102	$	161	$	209	$	322

401(k) Retirement Plan

The Company’s retirement plan, which covers all U.S. employees, allows participants to defer from 1% to 75% of their eligible compensation through a 401(k) retirement program. The plan includes Virco stock as one of the investment options. At July 31, 2024 and 2023, the plan held 1,154,305 shares and 1,415,111 shares of Virco stock, respectively. For the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the compensation costs incurred for employer match, which is paid in the form of Company stock, was $337,000 and $319,000 respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the compensation costs incurred for employer match, which is paid in the form of Company stock, was $778,000 and $722,000 respectively.

Note 12. Warranty Accrual

Effective February 1, 2014, the Company modified its warranty to a limited lifetime warranty. The warranty was effective February 1, 2014, and is not anticipated to have a significant effect on warranty expense. Effective January 1, 2017, the Company modified the standard warranty offered on products sold after January 1, 2017 to provide specific warranty periods by product component, with no warranty period longer than ten years. The Company’s warranty is not a guarantee of service life, which depends upon events outside the Company’s control and may be different from the warranty period. The Company accrues an estimate of its exposure to warranty claims based upon both product sales data and an analysis of actual warranty claims incurred.

The following is a summary of the Company’s warranty-claim activity for the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	500	$	600	$	500	$	600
Provision	21		50		51		91
Costs incurred	(21)		(50)		(51)		(91)
Ending balance	$	500	$	600	$	500	$	600

Note 13. Contingencies

The Company has a self-insured retention for product losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, workers’ compensation liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, general liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence and automobile liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence. The Company has purchased insurance to cover losses in excess of the self-insurance retention or deductible up to a limit of $30.0 million. The Company has obtained an actuarial estimate of its total expected future losses for liability claims and recorded a liability equal to the net present value.

The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal proceedings resulting from operations in the normal course of business. It is the opinion of management, in consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of all such matters will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 14. Delivery Costs

For the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $10.1 million and $10.0 million, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

For the six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $14.3 million and $13.3 million, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Note 15. Subsequent Events

On September 3, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend for the Company’s third fiscal quarter of

$0.025 on each outstanding share of common stock. The dividend is payable on October 11, 2024 to stockholders of record of the common stock as of the close of business on September 20, 2024. While the Company currently intends to pay future dividends on a quarterly basis, following review and approval by the Board of Directors, the declaration and payment of future dividends, as well as the amounts thereof, are subject to the discretion of the Board as well as restrictive covenants in the Company’s lending agreements. There can be no assurance that the Company will declare and pay dividends in future periods.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Results of Operations

Overview

The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality. Typically, the Company has highly seasonal annual cycle where approximately 50% of sales occur in June, July and August. Orders received from customers follow a similar seasonal cycle, with the bulk of orders arriving approximately 4-6 weeks preceding the selling season.

The Company has received and filled a large series of orders funded by the United States Department of Education that were shipped during the first quarter of 2024 rather than during the traditional peak of June through August. Approximately $9 million of the first quarter's increase in sales compared to the same quarter in the prior year were attributable to these orders. The Company shipped approximately $4.0 million related to this order in the second quarter. The Company believes that it will receive and deliver additional related orders during the third and fourth quarters of the current year. These orders materially and positively impacted first and second quarter comparisons to the same periods in the prior year. In addition to impacting the relative portion of revenue recognized in the first and second quarters, quarterly fluctuations in inventory, accounts receivable, and operating cash flows were positively impacted.

With the exception of this one event for the six-month period ended July 31, 2024, management believes that the traditional seasonal cycle and the Company’s ability to service that seasonal cycle has returned to normal. During the three-month period ended April 30, 2024, the Company experienced a 7.6% increase in orders compared to the same period last year. During the three-month period ended July 31, 2024, the Company experienced a 5.3% increase in orders compared to the same period last year. For the six-month period ended July 31, 2024 the Company experienced a 6.4% increase in orders compared to the same period last year.

Due to improved delivery performance in the year ended January 31, 2024 compared to the same period last year, the Company began the current year with a sales order backlog that was approximately $10 million less than the same period last year. The combination of a smaller beginning backlog and an increase in sales for the first six months resulted in a reduced sales order backlog at July 31, 2024 compared to the same period in the prior year despite an increase in sales orders for the current year. Order backlog at July 31, 2024 declined to approximately $61.3 million compared to $74.0 million in the prior year.

The combination of materially improved profitability in the last six months of the prior year and first six months of fiscal 2025 along with muted seasonality due to the order discussed above contributed to material changes in the Company’s balance sheet at July 31, 2024 compared to the same period last year. As a result of after-tax profits earned during the last 12 months, the Company has approximately $25.5 million of additional stockholders’ equity on July 31, 2024 compared to the same date last year, including reductions in equity for cash dividends paid in both the first and second quarters and stock repurchases during the first quarter. Because the Company shipped a larger than typical portion of deliveries in the first quarter, the Company shipped inventory earlier in the year and did not have as much seasonal inventory at July 31, 2024 compared to the same period last year. Finally, because the year-to-date increase in revenue was primarily in the first quarter, and receivables were collected more efficiently in the second quarter, accounts receivable decreased by approximately $12.5 million compared to the same date last year. The combination of these events resulted in the Company having increased cash and no borrowings under its line of credit on July 31, 2024 compared to borrowing of approximately $42.0 million under its line of credit at July 31, 2023. Management believes that this is the first time in the 74-year history of the Company that it has had no bank debt at the end of the second quarter.

The final material change in the balance sheet relates to a 5-year lease renewal for the Company’s facility in Torrance, CA that was executed on July 23, 2024. This facility houses the Company’s principal executive offices, and manufacturing and distribution for the western United States. This lease renewal resulted in an increase in ROU Assets of approximately $33.0 million and a related increase in long and short term lease liabilities of a comparable amount.

Three Months Ended July 31, 2024

For the three months ended July 31, 2024, the Company earned pre-tax income of $22.1 million on sales of $108.4 million compared to a pre-tax income of $20.3 million on sales of 107.3 million in the prior year.

Sales for the second quarter increased by approximately $1.1 million or 1.0% compared to the same period prior year. The increase was affected by the timing of shipments, as the Company delivered a larger than expected portion of sales orders in the first quarter ended April 30, 2024.

Gross margin for the second quarter ended July 31, 2024 was 46.3% compared to 45.3% in the prior year. The increase in margin was attributable to relatively stable commodity costs, increased levels of production, and product mix.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended July 31, 2024 increased by approximately $1.0 million and by 0.7% of sales compared to the same period last year. The increase was attributable to increased variable selling and service expenses.

Interest expense decreased by $0.8 million for the three months ended July 31, 2024 compared to the same period last year. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in the amount borrowed in 2024 to finance seasonal working capital.

For the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective income tax rates were 23.7% and 23.6%, respectively.

Six Months Ended July 31, 2024

For the six-month period ended July 31, 2024 the Company earned a pre-tax profit of $24.9 million on sales of $155.2 million compared to a pre-tax profit of $18.4 million on sales of $142.3 million in the prior year. Sales increased by approximately $12.9 million or 9.1% compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was attributable to an increase in volume and product mix.

Gross Margin for the first six months ended July 31, 2024 was 45.5% compared to 43.4% in the prior year. The margin was affected by increased production levels combined with relatively stable costs for raw materials.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended July 31, 2024 increased by approximately $3.9 million compared to the same period last year and increased by 0.1% as a percentage of sales. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable to increased variable selling and service expenses.

Interest expense decreased by $1.3 million for the six months ended July 31, 2024 compared to the same period last year. The decrease was primarily attributable to an decrease in the amount borrowed in 2024 to finance seasonal working capital.

For the six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective income tax rates were 23.9% and 23.6%, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The market for education furniture is extremely seasonal and approximately 50% of the Company's annual sales volume is shipped in the months of June through August of each year. The Company traditionally manufactures large quantities of inventory during the first and second quarters of each fiscal year in anticipation of seasonally high summer shipments. In addition, the Company finances a large balance of accounts receivable during the peak season.

Accounts Receivable decreased by $12.5 million at July 31, 2024 compared to the same period last year. The decrease is attributable to earlier than normal shipments (as discussed above under “Overview”) and improved collections.

Inventory decreased by $13.3 million at July 31, 2024 compared to July 31, 2023. The decrease is primarily attributable to increased shipments during the early part of the year and inventory management in response to the order backlog at July 31, 2024.

Accrual basis capital expenditures for the six months ended July 31, 2024 were $3.1 million compared to $3.2 million for the same period last year. Capital expenditures are being financed through the Company's credit facility with PNC Bank and operating cash flow and restricted to not exceed $8.0 million per year by covenant.

Based on the Company’s current projections, raw material costs and its ability to introduce price increases, management believes it will maintain compliance with its financial covenants under the Credit Agreement, although risks and uncertainties remain, such as changes in economic conditions, changing raw material costs and supply chain challenges. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of July 31, 2024.

The Company believes that cash flows from operations, together with the Company's unused borrowing capacity with PNC Bank will be sufficient to fund the Company's debt service requirements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for the next twelve months.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company's critical accounting policies are outlined in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024.

Forward-Looking Statements

From time to time, including in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended July 31, 2024, the Company or its representatives have made and may make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing. Such forward-looking statements may be included in, without limitation, reports to stockholders, press releases, oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer of the Company and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The words or phrases “anticipates,” “expects,” “will continue,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The results contemplated by the Company's forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to vary materially from anticipated results, including without limitation, availability of funding for educational institutions, availability and cost of materials, availability and cost of labor, demand for the Company's products, competitive conditions affecting selling prices and margins, capital costs and general economic conditions. Such risks and uncertainties are discussed in more detail in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024, including under the caption "Risk Factors".

The Company's forward-looking statements represent its judgment only on the dates such statements were made. By making any forward-looking statements, the Company assumes no duty to update them to reflect new, changed or unanticipated events or circumstances.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company is a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and is therefore not required to provide the information under this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) as of July 31, 2024. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of such date were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in the Company’s Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Company management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Company management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

operation of disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — Other Information

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business which, in the opinion of the Company, are not material in that management either expects that the Company will be successful on the merits of the pending cases or that any liabilities resulting from such cases will be substantially covered by insurance. While it is impossible to estimate with certainty the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these actions, management believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities will not be material to the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider and evaluate the information in this Quarterly Report and the risk factors set forth under the caption “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024 (the “Form 10-K”), which was filed with the SEC on April 12, 2024. The risk factors associated with our business have not materially changed compared to the risk factors disclosed in the Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following table provides the repurchases of our common stock during the fiscal quarter ending July 31, 2024:


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share (a)	Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs	Maximum Number of Shares (or Approximate Dollar Value) that May Yet be Purchased Under the Programs (b)

May 2024	—	—	—	$	3,501,551

June 2024	—	—	—	$	3,501,551

July 2024	—	—	—	$	3,501,551

Total	—		—

(a) The average price paid per share includes any broker commissions.
(b) On December 5, 2023, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $5.0 million of the Company's common stock, which repurchase program was publicly announced on December 8, 2023. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire a minimum amount of shares. Under the repurchase program, shares may be repurchased in privately negotiated or open market transactions, including under plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. The repurchase program has no time limit and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The actual dollar value of shares that may be repurchased in any fiscal year plus cash dividends during such fiscal year is limited to an aggregate of $5,000,000 under our Credit Agreement with PNC Bank, as further discussed above under “Note 7. Debt” to our Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

During the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number			Document
10.1			Lease Agreement , dated as of July 23, 2024, b y and between Starboard Dis t ribution Center, LLC and Virco Mfg. Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 24, 2024).
31.1			Certification of Robert A. Virtue, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2			Certification of Robert E. Dose, Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1			Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Exhibit 101.INS — XBRL Instance Document.

Exhibit 101.SCH — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

Exhibit 101.CAL — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.LAB — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.PRE — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION
Date: September 9, 2024	By:	/s/ Robert E. Dose
		Robert E. Dose
		Vice President — Finance
		(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Robert A. Virtue, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q of Virco Mfg. Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


			/s/ Robert A. Virtue
			Robert A. Virtue
Date: September 9, 2024			Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Robert E. Dose, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Form 10-Q of Virco Mfg. Corporation;

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


			/s/ Robert E. Dose
			Robert E. Dose
Date: September 9, 2024			Vice President — Finance, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Each of the undersigned hereby certifies, in his capacity as an officer of Virco Mfg. Corporation (the “Company”), for purposes of 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to his own knowledge:

•The Quarterly Report of the Company on Form 10-Q for the period ended July 31, 2024, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

•The information contained in such report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company.

Date: September 9, 2024


/s/ Robert A. Virtue
Robert A. Virtue
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Robert E. Dose
Robert E. Dose
Vice President — Finance, Secretary and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Virco Mfg. Corporation and will be retained by Virco Mfg. Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Cover Page - shares	6 Months Ended
Cover Page - shares	Jul. 31, 2024	Aug. 30, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jul. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-8777
Entity Registrant Name	VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	95-1613718
Entity Address, Address Line One	2027 Harpers Way
Entity Address, City or Town	Torrance
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	90501
City Area Code	310
Local Phone Number	533-0474
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
Trading Symbol	VIRC
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Central Index Key	0000751365
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		16,289,406
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--01-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash	$ 7,771	$ 5,286	$ 1,600
Trade accounts receivables, net	56,065	23,161	68,592
Inventories	58,574	58,371	71,853
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,921	2,208	2,286
Total current assets	125,331	89,026	144,331
Property, plant and equipment:
Land	3,731	3,731	3,731
Land improvements	697	694	686
Buildings and building improvements	51,899	51,576	51,441
Machinery and equipment	116,284	114,400	115,899
Leasehold improvements	523	523	977
Total property, plant and equipment	173,134	170,924	172,734
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	138,154	136,356	137,392
Net property, plant and equipment	34,980	34,568	35,342
Operating lease right-of-use assets	37,988	6,508	8,285
Deferred tax assets, net	6,682	6,634	7,100
Other assets, net	11,367	9,709	9,279
Total assets	216,348	146,445	204,337
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	26,085	12,945	27,854
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	11,572	10,880	10,983
Income tax payable	3,648	145	3,325
Current portion of long-term debt	253	248	32,256
Current portion of operating lease liability	1,431	5,744	5,386
Other accrued liabilities	12,517	8,570	11,259
Total current liabilities	55,506	38,532	91,063
Non-current liabilities:
Accrued self-insurance retention	1,285	650	934
Accrued pension expenses	9,536	9,429	10,827
Income tax payable, less current portion	232	128	0
Long-term debt, less current portion	4,008	4,136	14,261
Operating lease liability, less current portion	37,204	1,829	4,317
Other long-term liabilities	765	562	640
Total non-current liabilities	53,030	16,734	30,979
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 13)
Preferred stock:
Authorized 3,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; none issued or outstanding	0	0	0
Common stock:
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 16,289,406 shares at 7/31/2024, and 16,347,314 at 1/31/2024 and 7/31/2023	163	164	164
Additional paid-in capital	119,734	121,373	121,030
Accumulated deficit	(10,728)	(29,048)	(36,539)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,357)	(1,310)	(2,360)
Total stockholders’ equity	107,812	91,179	82,295
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 216,348	$ 146,445	$ 204,337

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Jul. 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (shares)	3,000,000	3,000,000	3,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares issued (shares)	0	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares)	0	0	0
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	25,000,000	25,000,000	25,000,000
Common stock, par value (usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares issued (shares)	16,289,406	16,347,314	16,347,314
Common stock, shares outstanding (shares)	16,289,406	16,347,314	16,347,314

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net sales	$ 108,419	$ 107,321	$ 155,154	$ 142,264
Costs of goods sold	58,201	58,743	84,589	80,484
Gross profit	50,218	48,578	70,565	61,780
Selling, general and administrative expenses	28,324	27,324	45,700	41,838
Operating income	21,894	21,254	24,865	19,942
Unrealized gain on investment in trust account	(597)	(325)	(812)	(624)
Pension expense	107	161	214	322
Interest expense	322	1,083	530	1,795
Income before income taxes	22,062	20,335	24,933	18,449
Income tax expense	5,229	4,801	5,960	4,357
Net income	$ 16,833	$ 15,534	$ 18,973	$ 14,092
Cash dividends declared per common share (usd per share)	$ 0.02	$ 0	$ 0.04	$ 0
Net income per common share:
Basic (usd per share)	1.04	0.95	1.16	0.87
Diluted (usd per share)	$ 1.04	$ 0.95	$ 1.16	$ 0.87
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic (shares)	16,214	16,272	16,305	16,242
Diluted (shares)	16,215	16,294	16,305	16,257

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 16,833	$ 15,534	$ 18,973	$ 14,092
Other comprehensive income:
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect	(19)	0	(47)	0
Net comprehensive income	$ 16,814	$ 15,534	$ 18,926	$ 14,092

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Pension adjustment, tax expense	$ 21	$ 0	$ 28	$ 0

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Operating activities
Net income	$ 18,973	$ 14,092
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,716	2,455
Non-cash lease benefits	(418)	(340)
Provision for credit losses	30	30
Amortization of debt issuance costs	64	55
Deferred income taxes	(19)	700
Stock-based compensation	270	252
Amortization of net actuarial gain for pension plans	(75)	0
Non-cash unrealized gain on investment	(812)	(624)
Surrender of life insurance policies	(265)	(95)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	(32,934)	(50,187)
Other receivables	(35)	10
Inventories	(203)	(4,447)
Income taxes	3,607	3,346
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(1,419)	(134)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	18,483	13,737
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	7,963	(21,150)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(2,886)	(2,795)
Proceeds from surrendering life insurance policies	145	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,741)	(2,795)
Financing activities:
Borrowing from long-term debt	23,165	35,688
Repayment of long-term debt	(23,288)	(10,915)
Common stock repurchased	(1,499)	0
Tax withholding payments on share-based compensation	(412)	(110)
Payment of deferred financing costs	(50)	(175)
Cash dividends paid	(653)	0
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(2,737)	24,488
Net increase in cash	2,485	543
Cash at beginning of period	5,286	1,057
Cash at end of period	7,771	1,600
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Property, plant and equipment acquired and not yet paid at end of period	531	1,074
Cash paid during the period for interest	530	1,795
Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of refunds	2,405	345
Noncash investment in right-of-use assets in exchange for a lease liability	$ 32,982	$ 0

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Beginning balance (shares) at Jan. 31, 2023		16,210,985
Beginning balance at Jan. 31, 2023	$ 68,061	$ 162	$ 120,890	$ (50,631)	$ (2,360)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	14,092			14,092
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect	0
Shares vested and others (shares)		136,329
Shares vested and others	(110)	$ 2	(112)
Stock compensation expense	$ 252		252
Ending balance (shares) at Jul. 31, 2023	16,347,314	16,347,314
Ending balance at Jul. 31, 2023	$ 82,295	$ 164	121,030	(36,539)	(2,360)
Beginning balance (shares) at Apr. 30, 2023		16,210,985
Beginning balance at Apr. 30, 2023	66,722	$ 162	120,993	(52,073)	(2,360)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	15,534			15,534
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect	0
Shares vested and others (shares)		136,329
Shares vested and others	(110)	$ 2	(112)
Stock compensation expense	$ 149		149
Ending balance (shares) at Jul. 31, 2023	16,347,314	16,347,314
Ending balance at Jul. 31, 2023	$ 82,295	$ 164	121,030	(36,539)	(2,360)
Beginning balance (shares) at Jan. 31, 2024	16,347,314	16,347,314
Beginning balance at Jan. 31, 2024	$ 91,179	$ 164	121,373	(29,048)	(1,310)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	18,973			18,973
Cash dividends	(653)			(653)
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect	(47)				(47)
Shares vested and others (shares)		81,794
Shares vested and others	(411)	$ 1	(412)
Stock compensation expense	270		270
Stock repurchase (shares)		(139,702)
Stock repurchase	$ (1,499)	$ (2)	(1,497)
Ending balance (shares) at Jul. 31, 2024	16,289,406	16,289,406
Ending balance at Jul. 31, 2024	$ 107,812	$ 163	119,734	(10,728)	(1,357)
Beginning balance (shares) at Apr. 30, 2024		16,207,612
Beginning balance at Apr. 30, 2024	91,637	$ 162	120,048	(27,235)	(1,338)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	16,833			16,833
Cash dividends	(326)			(326)
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect	(19)				(19)
Shares vested and others (shares)		81,794
Shares vested and others	(411)	$ 1	(412)
Stock compensation expense	$ 98		98
Ending balance (shares) at Jul. 31, 2024	16,289,406	16,289,406
Ending balance at Jul. 31, 2024	$ 107,812	$ 163	$ 119,734	$ (10,728)	$ (1,357)

Basis of Presentation	6 Months Ended
Basis of Presentation	Jul. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements and are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months and six months ended July 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2025. The balance sheet at January 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. All references to the “Company” refer to Virco Mfg. Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates	6 Months Ended
Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates	Jul. 31, 2024
Seasonality [Abstract]
Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates	Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality, with approximately 50% of the Company’s total sales typically occurring from June to August each year, the Company’s peak season. Hence, the Company typically builds and carries significant amounts of inventory during and in anticipation of this peak summer season to facilitate the rapid delivery requirements of customers in the educational market. This requires a large up-front investment in inventory, labor, storage and related costs as inventory is built in anticipation of peak sales during the summer months. As the capital required for this build-up generally exceeds cash available from operations, the Company has generally relied on third-party bank financing to meet cash flow requirements during the build-up period immediately preceding the peak season. In addition, the Company typically is faced with an overall higher accounts receivable balance during the peak season. This occurs for two primary reasons. First, accounts receivable balances typically increase during the peak season as shipments of products increase. Second, many customers during this period are educational institutions and government entities, which tend to pay accounts receivable slower than commercial customers. The Company’s working capital requirements during and in anticipation of the peak summer season require management to make estimates and judgments that affect assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to market demand, labor costs and stocking inventory. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, valuation of inventory; deferred tax assets and liabilities; useful lives of property, plant and equipment; liabilities under pension, warranty and self-insurance; and the accounts receivable allowance for credit losses.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards	6 Months Ended
Recently Issued Accounting Standards	Jul. 31, 2024
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]
Recently Issued Accounting Standards	Recently Issued Accounting Standards Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. In November 2023, the FASB issued this ASU to update reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect that this guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures. ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Tax Disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued this ASU which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The update will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. We do not expect that this guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures. The Company evaluates all ASUs issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") for consideration of their applicability to our condensed consolidated financial statements. We have assessed all ASUs issued but not yet adopted and concluded that those not disclosed are not relevant to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact.

Revenue Recognition	6 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition	Jul. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company manufactures, markets and distributes a wide variety of school and office furniture to wholesalers, distributors, educational institutions and governmental entities. Revenue is recorded for promised goods or services when control is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company's sales generally involve a single performance obligation to deliver goods pursuant to customer purchase orders. Prices for our products are based on published price lists and customer agreements. The Company has determined that the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time when the Company completes delivery per the customer contract. The majority of sales are free on board ("FOB") destination where the destination is specified per the customer contract and may include delivering the furniture into the classroom, school site or warehouse. Sales of furniture that are sold FOB factory are typically made to resellers of our product who in turn provide logistics to the ultimate customer. Once a product has been delivered per the shipping terms, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The Company considers control to have transferred upon shipment or delivery in accordance with shipping terms because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, the Company has transferred physical possession of the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset. Sales are recorded net of discounts, sales incentives and rebates, sales taxes and estimated returns and allowances. The Company offers sales incentives and discounts through various regional and national programs to our customers. These programs include product rebates, product returns allowances and trade promotions. Variable consideration for these programs is estimated in the transaction price at contract inception based on current sales levels and historical experience using the expected value method, subject to constraint. The Company generates revenue primarily by manufacturing and distributing products through resellers and direct-to-customers. Control transfers to both resellers and direct customers at a point in time when the delivery process is complete as determined by the corresponding shipping terms. Therefore, we do not consider them to be meaningfully different revenue streams given similarities in the nature of the products, performance obligation and distribution processes. Sales are predominately in the United States and to a similar class of customer. We do not manage or evaluate the business based on product line or any other discernable category.

Inventories

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of July 31, 2024, January 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023:


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Finished goods	$	23,498	$	18,861	$	24,995
Work in process	20,938		25,047		29,081
Raw materials	14,138		14,463		17,777
Total inventories	$	58,574	$	58,371	$	71,853

Leases

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

The quantitative information regarding our leases is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024			7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
Operating lease cost	$	1,423	$	1,281	$	2,842		$	2,550
Short-term lease cost	130		80		234			188
Sublease income	(10)		(10)		(20)			(20)
Variable lease cost	690		160		618			421
Total lease cost	$	2,233	$	1,511	$	3,674		$	3,139

Other operating leases information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities					$	3,260		$	2,890
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (a)					$	34,012		$	364
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)					6.0			1.7
Weighted-average discount rate					9.78		%	6.36		%

Minimum future lease payments for operating leases in effect as of July 31, 2024, are as follows:


	Operating Lease
For the year ending January 31,	(In thousands)
Remaining of 2025	$	3,232
2026	5,119
2027	9,416
2028	9,263
2029	9,587
Thereafter	16,739
Remaining balance of lease payments	53,356

Short-term lease liabilities	1,431
Long-term lease liabilities	37,204
Total lease liabilities	38,635

Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	14,721

Debt

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Outstanding balances for the Company’s long-term debt were as follows:


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Revolving credit line	$	—	$	—	$	42,012
Other	4,261		4,384		4,505
Total debt	4,261		4,384		46,517
Less current portion	253		248		32,256
Non-current portion	$	4,008	$	4,136	$	14,261

i.Maximum size of the PNC line of credit has been lowered from $72.5 million to $70.0 million during the months of June through August, and

ii.Maximum amount allowed for the Company to issue dividends or repurchase stock has been increased from $3.0 million to $5.0 million in the aggregate during any fiscal year.

Income Taxes	6 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Jul. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. As a part of this evaluation, the Company assesses all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, the availability of tax carrybacks, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations, to determine whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize existing deferred tax assets. Valuation allowances of $218,000, $251,000 and $390,000 as of July 31, 2024, January 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023, respectively, are needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards to reduce the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The net change in the valuation allowance for the three months and six months ended July 31, 2024 was an increase of $1,000 and a decrease of $33,000, respectively. The net change in the valuation allowance for the three months and six months ended July 31, 2023 was a decrease of $185,000 and a decrease of $474,000, respectively. For the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective income tax rates were 23.7% and 23.6%, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective income tax rates were 23.9% and 23.6%, respectively. Our effective tax rate varies from the 21% federal statutory rate primarily due to state taxes. The January 31, 2019 and subsequent fiscal years remain open for examination by the IRS and state tax authorities. The Company is not currently under any state examination.

Net Income (Loss) per Share

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income (Loss) per Share

Net Income per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)

Net income	$	16,833	$	15,534	$	18,973	$	14,092

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic	16,214		16,272		16,305		16,242
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans	1		22		—		15
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted	16,215		16,294		16,305		16,257

Net income per share - basic	$	1.04	$	0.95	$	1.16	$	0.87
Net income per share - diluted	$	1.04	$	0.95	$	1.16	$	0.87

Stock-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Incentive Plan


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Cost of goods sold	$	10	$	28	$	38	$	56
Selling, general and administrative expenses	88		121		232		196
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	98	$	149	$	270	$	252

Retirement Plans

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Retirement Plans

The following table summarizes the net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plan and the VIP Plan for the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest cost	311		360		622		720
Expected return on plan assets	(169)		(199)		(338)		(398)
Plan settlement	—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	(40)		—		(75)		—
Recognized net actuarial loss			—		—		—
Benefit cost	$	102	$	161	$	209	$	322

401(k) Retirement Plan

Warranty Accrual

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Product Warranties Disclosures [Abstract]

Warranty Accrual

The following is a summary of the Company’s warranty-claim activity for the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	500	$	600	$	500	$	600
Provision	21		50		51		91
Costs incurred	(21)		(50)		(51)		(91)
Ending balance	$	500	$	600	$	500	$	600

Contingencies	6 Months Ended
Contingencies	Jul. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Contingencies	Contingencies The Company has a self-insured retention for product losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, workers’ compensation liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, general liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence and automobile liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence. The Company has purchased insurance to cover losses in excess of the self-insurance retention or deductible up to a limit of $30.0 million. The Company has obtained an actuarial estimate of its total expected future losses for liability claims and recorded a liability equal to the net present value. The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal proceedings resulting from operations in the normal course of business. It is the opinion of management, in consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of all such matters will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Delivery Costs	6 Months Ended
Delivery Costs	Jul. 31, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Delivery Costs	Delivery Costs For the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $10.1 million and $10.0 million, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the six months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $14.3 million and $13.3 million, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Subsequent Events	6 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Jul. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events On September 3, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend for the Company’s third fiscal quarter of $0.025 on each outstanding share of common stock. The dividend is payable on October 11, 2024 to stockholders of record of the common stock as of the close of business on September 20, 2024. While the Company currently intends to pay future dividends on a quarterly basis, following review and approval by the Board of Directors, the declaration and payment of future dividends, as well as the amounts thereof, are subject to the discretion of the Board as well as restrictive covenants in the Company’s lending agreements. There can be no assurance that the Company will declare and pay dividends in future periods.

Inventories (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory

The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of July 31, 2024, January 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023:


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Finished goods	$	23,498	$	18,861	$	24,995
Work in process	20,938		25,047		29,081
Raw materials	14,138		14,463		17,777
Total inventories	$	58,574	$	58,371	$	71,853

Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Quantitative Information of Leases

The quantitative information regarding our leases is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024			7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
Operating lease cost	$	1,423	$	1,281	$	2,842		$	2,550
Short-term lease cost	130		80		234			188
Sublease income	(10)		(10)		(20)			(20)
Variable lease cost	690		160		618			421
Total lease cost	$	2,233	$	1,511	$	3,674		$	3,139

Other operating leases information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities					$	3,260		$	2,890
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (a)					$	34,012		$	364
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)					6.0			1.7
Weighted-average discount rate					9.78		%	6.36		%

Schedule of Minimum Future Lease Payments

Minimum future lease payments for operating leases in effect as of July 31, 2024, are as follows:


	Operating Lease
For the year ending January 31,	(In thousands)
Remaining of 2025	$	3,232
2026	5,119
2027	9,416
2028	9,263
2029	9,587
Thereafter	16,739
Remaining balance of lease payments	53,356

Short-term lease liabilities	1,431
Long-term lease liabilities	37,204
Total lease liabilities	38,635

Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	14,721

Debt (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Outstanding balances of long-term debt

Outstanding balances for the Company’s long-term debt were as follows:


	7/31/2024		1/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Revolving credit line	$	—	$	—	$	42,012
Other	4,261		4,384		4,505
Total debt	4,261		4,384		46,517
Less current portion	253		248		32,256
Non-current portion	$	4,008	$	4,136	$	14,261

Net Income (Loss) per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)

Net income	$	16,833	$	15,534	$	18,973	$	14,092

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic	16,214		16,272		16,305		16,242
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans	1		22		—		15
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted	16,215		16,294		16,305		16,257

Net income per share - basic	$	1.04	$	0.95	$	1.16	$	0.87
Net income per share - diluted	$	1.04	$	0.95	$	1.16	$	0.87

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)

Cost of goods sold	$	10	$	28	$	38	$	56
Selling, general and administrative expenses	88		121		232		196
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	98	$	149	$	270	$	252

Retirement Plans (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Schedule of Defined Benefit Plans Disclosures

The following table summarizes the net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plan and the VIP Plan for the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest cost	311		360		622		720
Expected return on plan assets	(169)		(199)		(338)		(398)
Plan settlement	—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	(40)		—		(75)		—
Recognized net actuarial loss			—		—		—
Benefit cost	$	102	$	161	$	209	$	322

Warranty Accrual (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Product Warranties Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Product Warranty Liability

The following is a summary of the Company’s warranty-claim activity for the three months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2024		7/31/2023		7/31/2024		7/31/2023
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	500	$	600	$	500	$	600
Provision	21		50		51		91
Costs incurred	(21)		(50)		(51)		(91)
Ending balance	$	500	$	600	$	500	$	600

Seasonality (Details)	6 Months Ended
Seasonality (Details)	Jul. 31, 2024
Sales [Member]
Seasonality (Textual) [Abstract]
The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality	50.00%

Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Finished goods	$ 23,498	$ 18,861	$ 24,995
Work in process	20,938	25,047	29,081
Raw materials	14,138	14,463	17,777
Total inventories	$ 58,574	$ 58,371	$ 71,853

Leases - ASC 842 Quantitative Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 1,423	$ 1,281	$ 2,842	$ 2,550
Short-term lease cost	130	80	234	188
Sublease income	(10)	(10)	(20)	(20)
Variable lease cost	690	160	618	421
Total lease cost	$ 2,233	$ 1,511	3,674	3,139
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities			3,260	2,890
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (a)			$ 34,012	$ 364
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	6 years	1 year 8 months 12 days	6 years	1 year 8 months 12 days
Weighted-average discount rate	9.78%	6.36%	9.78%	6.36%

Leases - ASC 842 Minimum Lease Payments (Details)	Jul. 23, 2024 USD ($) ft²	Jul. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining of 2025		$ 3,232,000
2026		5,119,000
2027		9,416,000
2028		9,263,000
2029		9,587,000
Thereafter		16,739,000
Remaining balance of lease payments		53,356,000
Short-term lease liabilities		1,431,000	$ 5,744,000	$ 5,386,000
Long-term lease liabilities		37,204,000	1,829,000	4,317,000
Total lease liabilities		38,635,000
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows		14,721,000
Operating lease right-of-use assets		37,988,000	$ 6,508,000	$ 8,285,000
Office, Manufacturing and Warehouse Facility
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Total lease liabilities		33,000,000
Area of lease \| ft²	560,000
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract	65 months
Lessee, operating lease, rent abatement period	5 months
Lessee, operating lease, tenant improvement allowance	$ 1,700,000
Operating lease right-of-use assets		$ 33,000,000
October 1, 2025 Through April 30, 2026 \| Office, Manufacturing and Warehouse Facility
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, base rent	$ 726,700
After April 30, 2026 \| Office, Manufacturing and Warehouse Facility
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, operating lease, base rent annual increase	3.50%

Debt (Long-term Debt) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 4,261	$ 4,384	$ 46,517
Less current portion	253	248	32,256
Non-current portion	4,008	4,136	14,261
Revolving credit line
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	0	0	42,012
Other
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 4,261	$ 4,384	$ 4,505

Debt (Narrative) (Details)	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
Debt (Narrative) (Details)	Aug. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 01, 2024 USD ($)	Apr. 29, 2024 USD ($)	Apr. 28, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Unused portion fee rate		0.375%
Long-term debt		$ 4,261,000				$ 4,384,000	$ 46,517,000
Original Mortgage Note
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Interest rate	4.00%
Long-term debt		4,300,000
Face amount	$ 5,800,000
Term	20 years
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, term		$ 15,000,000.0
Line of credit facility, period for reduced borrowings during fourth quarter of each fiscal year (consecutive days)		30 days
Increase in inventory sublimit under credit agreement				$ 35,000,000
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement \| In Effect May Through August 2024
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Increase in assemble to ship inventory sublimit under credit agreement				$ 15,000,000
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement \| Consecutive Four Fiscal Quarters Ending July 31, 2020
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Minimum fixed charge coverage ratio				1.20
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement \| Inventory
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility borrowing base limitation		60.00%
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement \| Inventories
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility borrowing base limitation		85.00%
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement \| Maximum \| Accounts receivable
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility borrowing base limitation		85.00%
Equipment Loan \| Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, equipment financing		$ 2,000,000
PNC \| Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Maximum dividend amount in fiscal year				$ 5,000,000.0	$ 3,000,000.0
PNC \| Revolving credit line
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Remaining borrowing capacity		$ 68,000,000.0
PNC \| Revolving credit line \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) \| January through July
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		3.00%
PNC \| Revolving credit line \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) \| August through December
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		2.50%
PNC \| Revolving credit line \| Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity		$ 60,000,000.0	$ 70,000,000.0	$ 70,000,000	$ 72,500,000
PNC \| Equipment Loan \| Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity		$ 10,000,000.0

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jan. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Valuation allowance	$ 218	$ 390	$ 218	$ 390	$ 251
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset, increase (decrease), amount	$ 1	$ (185)	$ (33)	$ (474)
Effective tax rate	23.70%	23.60%	23.90%	23.60%

Net Income (Loss) per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income	$ 16,833	$ 15,534	$ 18,973	$ 14,092
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic (shares)	16,214	16,272	16,305	16,242
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans (shares)	1	22	0	15
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted (shares)	16,215	16,294	16,305	16,257
Net income per share - basic (usd per share)	$ 1.04	$ 0.95	$ 1.16	$ 0.87
Net income per share - diluted (usd per share)	$ 1.04	$ 0.95	$ 1.16	$ 0.87

Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 98	$ 149	$ 270	$ 252
Cost of goods sold
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	10	28	38	56
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	88	$ 121	232	$ 196
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expense	$ 208		$ 208
Unrecognized compensation expense, weighted average period to be recognized			1 year
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] \| 2019 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Awards authorized (shares)	1,000,000		1,000,000
Granted in the period (shares)	16,066		16,066
Vested in period (shares)	164,110		164,110
Forfeited in period (shares)	0		0
Awards available for future issuance (shares)	521,859		521,859

Retirement Plans (Periodic Pension Cost) (Details) - Pension Plan - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Components of Net Cost
Service cost	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Interest cost	311	360	622	720
Expected return on plan assets	(169)	(199)	(338)	(398)
Plan settlement	0	0	0	0
Amortization of prior service cost	(40)	0	(75)	0
Recognized net actuarial loss		0	0	0
Benefit cost	$ 102	$ 161	$ 209	$ 322

Retirement Plans (Narrative) (Details) - United States - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]
Minimum annual contributions per employee, percent			1.00%
Maximum annual contributions per employee, percent			75.00%
Number of common shares held	1,154,305	1,415,111	1,154,305	1,415,111
Contributions by employer	$ 337	$ 319	$ 778	$ 722

Warranty (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
Warranty (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Warranty claim activity
Beginning balance	$ 500	$ 600	$ 500	$ 600
Provision	21	50	51	91
Costs incurred	(21)	(50)	(51)	(91)
Ending balance	$ 500	$ 600	$ 500	$ 600
Maximum
Warranty [Line Items]
Product warranty period			10 years

Contingencies (Details) - Maximum	Jul. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Product Liability [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Self insurance retention	$ 250,000
Workers compensation Liability Insurance [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Self insurance retention	250,000
General Liability Loss
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Self insurance retention	50,000
Automobile Liability Loss [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Self insurance retention	50,000
Loss Liability [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Self insurance retention	$ 30,000,000.0

Delivery Costs (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
Delivery Costs (Details) - USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Shipping and classroom delivery costs	$ 10,100,000	$ 10,000,000.0	$ 14,300,000	$ 13,300,000

Subsequent Events (Details)	Sep. 03, 2024 $ / shares
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Dividends payable (in dollars per share)	$ 0.025

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